©2018-19 Cranfield University, School of Aerospace, Transport & Manufacturing, Centre for Propulsion EngineeringThe information presented here is the property of the Cranfield University Rolls-Royce UTC for Aero System Design, Integration & Performance and may not be copied or

communicated to a third party, or used for any purpose other than that for which it is supplied without the express written consent of Cranfield University and Rolls-Royce plc.

An Overview of the Rolls-Royce sCO2-Test Rig Project at Cranfield University

Ian BunceMichael Johnston

6th International Supercritical CO2 Power Cycles SymposiumMarch 27 - 29, 2018, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Eduardo AnselmiIan BunceVassilios PachidisPavlos ZachosMichael Johnston

Pittsburgh, March 2018 2

• Introduction

• Test rig development

• Lessons learned

• Questions

Pittsburgh, March 2018 3

Design, build and commission a closed loop s-CO2system to enable critical component testing and whole cycle demonstration of a representative waste heat recovery system for marine GTs

Pittsburgh, March 2018 4

• Design s-CO2 cycles for waste heat recovery (marine applications)– Select cycle for proof-of-concept

• Understand their design point, off-design and transient behaviour across a range of operating conditions

• Identify critical components and key requirements for rig testing

• Define full scope of rig testing

• Design & commission a s-CO2 closed loop test facility

Pittsburgh, March 2018 5

Fluid CO2: Fluid Properties estimated using NIST REFPROP

Cooler

Expa

nsio

n D

evic

e

Cooler

Expa

nsio

nD

evic

e

sCO2 Compression loop test SANDIA sCO2 Gas Triangle Innovate UK

Pittsburgh, March 2018 6

Evaporator

Sampler Bottle

Gas Cooler

Pittsburgh, March 2018 7

Stage 1A

Stage 1B

Stage 2A

Pittsburgh, March 2018 8

Pittsburgh, March 2018 9

Period Stage Components Outcomes

March GTCirculation compressor, gas

cooler, expansion valve 1 (refrigeration)

- De-risk s-CO2 loop.- Demonstrate component/rig

robustness and proof of concept.

June 1A Circulation compressor, pre cooler, expansion valve 2

- Characterize pre cooler performance.

- Validation of SIMULINK models.

August 1B MHEX, fan, circulation compressor, expansion valve 3

- Test MHEX performance: Cold air runs only.

December 2A Centrifugal compressor, post cooler, expansion valve 4

- De-risk compressor installation.- Develop supporting technology for

turbomachinery design

Pittsburgh, March 2018 10

Initial TRL 1

TRL 2

TRL 3

Target TRL 4

TRL 5

TRL 6

TRL 7

TRL 8

TRL 9

Progressiveconcept

development

General lessons

• Costing of components • Identifying an appropriate supply

chain • Managing procurement

processes

Specific lessons

• Modelling – Control systems• Compressor design• Main heat exchanger design

MHEX

Analytical modelsControl systems

Compressor subsystems

Pittsburgh, March 2018 11

Development of analytical models in SIMULINK to predict test rig:• Steady state performance• Part load performance• Transient response

Pittsburgh, March 2018 12

Initial compressor studies - 2016

Impeller studies - 2017

Preliminary simulation results using the “real gas” model at inlet conditions of P = 7.7 MPa, T = 691.2 K - 2018

Pittsburgh, March 2018 13

Successful hybrid design (PCHE + FPHE)

First MHEX released to manufactured - 2018

Preliminary designs tested

Pittsburgh, March 2018

This research has received funding from Innovate UK under project

reference 101982. The authors are grateful to Rolls-Royce plc and

Heatric Division of Meggitt UK Ltd organisations for their support during

the project. The authors would like to thank Robert Collins, Mark

Hassan, Anmol Manohar, Joseph Palmer, Pawel Safuryn and Russell

Limbrick for their input into this research effort.

14

Pittsburgh, March 2018 15

…. Thank you

Friday 8th December 2017 Achieved supercritical CO2 conditions for the first time