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An overview of Art and Culture in Telangana *Thonty Devanna,
Asst.Professor of History,
Girraj.Govt.College(A),
Nizamabad,Telangana
ABSTRACT
Telangana, due to its geographical location, is the realm where two diverse cultures
from the north and the south of the country merge and create a composite culture region with
diverse cultural, social and economic backgrounds. Thus, Telangana links the north and south
of India. Hyderabad, the state capital, is a classic example of Telangana heritage, exemplified
by a number of archeological monuments such as the Charminar, the Golkonda Fort, Mecca
Masjid, the Sri Chennakesava Swamy Temple, UjjainiMahankaali Temple and Hussain
Sagar, to quote a few. Other important heritage sites in Telangana, apart from Hyderabad, are
Adilabad, Karimnager, Khammam, Mahabubnagar, Medak, Nalgonda, Nizamabad and
Warangal. Each of these has several heritage monuments that emerged during the state's long
history.Culture in Telangana is a combination of customs adopted from Persian traditions
during the rule of Moghuls and Nizams and more dominantly South Indian customs. Thus ,it
has a very rich culture with Telugu culture amalgamated within the fabric of the society.
Telangana is potential lies in its culture that blends cultural customs from Persian traditions
embedded during Moghuls, QutubShahis and Nizams rule with influential and mainly South
Indian customs and traditions. The State has a rich tradition in classical music. It has a rich
painting and folk arts such as Burrakatha, shadow puppet show, and Perini Shiva Tandavam,
Gusadi Dance, Kolatam, Bonalu, Kite Festival, etc. This paper examine the an overview of
art and culture in Telangana State.
Key Words: Art,Cultures, Moghuls, QutubShahis and Nizams
Introduction
Telangana, the new State of the Indian Union achieved after a prolonged and relentless
struggle during which many sacrificed their lives, has successfully completed a little over six
years. Though six years is too short a period in the history of any State or the country,
Telangana has been firing on all the cylinders despite all odds and forging ahead with long
strides, thus becoming a trailblazer for other States. Through initial troubles and numerous
constraints, Government’s commitment to realize the goal of ‘Bangaru Telangana.’ remains
unwavered.
On the important occasion of successfully completing six years of all-round development
of the State, it may be apt to take stock of where the State stood at the time of attaining
Statehood and where it stands now. There are many ways of looking at the performance of
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a Government in the last six years. But the three most important ways of looking at the
performance of a Government are from the perspective of people’s expectations, against
the promises made and fulfilled and against the previous governments’ record. It is a matter
of great pride that with determined efforts of the Government, the performance of the State
on all these parameters was extraordinary, to say the least.
There was acute power shortage at the time of the formation of the State adversely impacting
the growth of industrial and services sector. Many small scale units had to shut down their
operations and others had no option but to work in shifts. There were frequent incidences of
droughts and crop failures resulting in farmers committing suicides. Many opportunities were
lost because of utter neglect of Telangana on all the fronts in the combined State and the
problems assumed alarming proportions. Against these odds, with the attainment of
Statehood after a prolonged struggle, the expectations of people were very high. The
Government did not brood over the past neglect and was not deterred by the many challenges
before it. The Government was firm that such a serious crisis should not go waste and took it
as an opportunity to do things that were never done before to meet the suppressed aspirations
of people. The State started the process of reinventing and reorienting the State to realize the
goal of ‘Bangaru Telangana’.
Telangana is a historic land dotted with a variety of forts that have the ability to develop into
iconic heritage sites for tourism. Many prominent forts are Golconda Fort, Medak Fort,
Khammam Fort, Nizamabad Fort, Elagandula Fort, Karimnagar and Bhongir Fort, Nalgonda,
where Tourism Department is taking up projects to establish tourist amenities. Warangal Fort
and Golconda Fort is also the host of Sound and Light displays that take us back to a glorious
history. More such shows would highlight Telangana's rich heritage. Telangana State
Tourism Development Corporation (TSTDC) organizes all the above-mentioned tourism
packages and also connects neighboring states. Haritha Hotel chains, wayside services, river
cruises, and water fleet are also operated by TSTDC at various locations. Any trip to
Telangana State, including the popular Hyderabadi Biryani, Qurbani-ka-Meetha, Haleem,
Osmania Biscuits and Irani Chai, is incomplete without a taste of its cuisine.
Objectives of the Study
1.To exmine the importance of art and culture in Telangana.
2.To describe the crafts of Telangana.
3.To analyze the Architecture in Telangana.
Methodology
The research is based on secondary data. It’s an exploratory and descriptive in nature. The
study is descriptive as well as analytical in nature and is being carried out with the help of
secondary data availed from Socio Economic outlook, library books, journals, newspapers,
magazines,Government publications and websites.
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The name ‘Telangana’ is derived from the word ‘Trilinga’ meaning the place of three lingas
as according to legends Lord Shiva’s lingams are found on three mountains Srisailam,
Kaleshwaram and Draksharama which form the boundaries of Telangana. It is mentioned in
the Mahabharata as Telingadesha and it is said that the people of this land sided with the
Pandavas in their battle against the Kauravas in the Kurukshetra War. It is also mentioned in
the Aitreyabrahmana, Ramayana and Puranas. The Art, Culture and Traditions of Telangana
is a fusion of the Telugu and Persian culture dating back to the Nizams and Mughals. Hence,
there is an influence of Hinduism and Islam. Since Buddhism was the dominant religion upto
the 6th century it was also the home of Mahayana Buddhism. This can be observed in the
monuments of Nagarjunakonda and the World University at the Sri Parvata presided over by
Acharya Nagarjuna. In the 12th century the Kakatiyas and the Chalukyas revived Hinduism
and Krishnadeva Raya of the Vijayanagar Empire restructured old temples and built new
ones.
Art
Nirmal Arts Amidst the hills and forests of Adilabad one of the districts of Telangana is the
small town of Nirmal. It has been considered the land of art and crafts. The big community of
craftsmen in Nirmal are referred to as ‘Nakkash’. It is said that this art form originated
somewhere around 14th century. By the end of 17th century, this art took a radical
transformation.
This town is famous for its paintings known as Nirmal paintings. These paintings were
greatly admired and patronized by the Mughal rulers in the medieval period and it is said that
Lady Hydri later on brought the craftsmen to Hyderabad to promote their growth and
development. In this, traditional art scenes are painted from the Hindu epics¬ Ramayana and
Mahabharata. The paintings have been influenced by the Indian Schools of Art like Ajanta,
Kangra and from Mughal miniatures. The colours used in these paintings especially the
familiar gold colour are produced indigenously from extracts of herbs, gum, vegetable dye
and minerals.
The paintings, whether depicting the grace of a dancer or the rhythm of a musician, enrapture
the viewer. It is said that in the past the Nizam of Hyderabad on visiting Nirmal was given a
grand welcome with the artisans decorating the venue and seat of the Nizam in such a way
that an intricately designed banana bud suspended over the Nizam’s seat unfurled and a
cascade of golden petals were showered on the Nizam.
Deccani Paintings
Deccani paintings are a style of miniature paintings which flourished among the Deccani
Sultanates in peninsular India in the late 16th century. It was a combination of Vijayanagar
wall paintings and Persian influence with elongated figures and landscapes with floral
backgrounds. The colours used were rich and luminous predominantly in gold and white.
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Kalamkari paintings
These paintings originated from the word ‘kalam’ meaning pen and ‘kari’ meaning work.
Colorful designs are applied on cloth using vegetable dyes. Scenes from Hindu mythology
are depicted though Persian designs and motifs are included due to the influence of Muslim
rulers. Hand carved blocks are used to do the outlines and main features and the pen is used
for finer details.
Cheriyal Scroll Paintings
These paintings are stylised versions of Nakashi art which is an art form practised in
Cheriyaldistrict of Warangal in the Telangana region. They are used for storytelling and their
themesare drawn from folklore and mythology like the Puranas and Epics. The format of
thesepaintings is narrative like a film role or a comic strip. They were traditionally used by
theballadeer or story telling community known as ‘Kaki Padagollu’. They went from village
tovillage singing and narrating their ballads with music and dance displaying these scrolls in
aseries of horizontal or vertical panels on a stage erected on four poles with a horizontal
bar.The length of the scroll depended on the length of the story and each scroll could have
about50 panels. The panel depicting that particular part of the story would be displayed as the
bardwould narrate the story. In modern times instead of a continuous scroll single pictures
arepainted as wall decorations. The making of the canvas is an elaborate procedure with
Khadicotton, rice starch, white mud, boiled tamarind seeds and gum water. The artists then
sketchthe outline on the canvas with a brush made of a stick with squirrel’s hair. They are
painted invivid hues with the red colour predominantly in the background.
Sculptures
Sculptures made of stone, marble or wood are made in the Telangana region into various
animal and bird forms. Sculptures of deities in various forms in intricate and aesthetic styles
are crafted by the artisans. Examples of fine sculptures can be seen in the Ramappa temple in
Warangal, the thousand pillar temple built by the Kakatiyas in the town of Hanamakonda in
Telangana and the Alampur temples in Mahbubnagar.
Architecture
The Kakatiya dynasty expressed itself best through religious art. Kakatiya art preserved the
balance between architecture and sculpture, that is, while valuing sculpture, it laid emphasis
on architecture where due. The Kakatiya temples, dedicated mostly to Siva, reveal in their
construction a happy blending of the styles of North India and South India which influenced
the political life of the Deccan.
The most important of these temples are those at Palampeta, Hanamkonda and the incomplete
one in the Warangal fort. The temple at Palampeta, described as the `brightest gem in the
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galaxy of Medieval Deccan temple architecture’, was constructed by Recherla Rudra, a
general of Kakatiya Ganapati, in S.1135 (A.D.1213). The figures in the temple are of a
heterogeneous character comprising gods, goddesses, warriors, acrobats,
musicians, mithuna pairs in abnormal attitudes and dancing girls. The sculptures, especially
of the dancing girls, possess the suggestion of movement and pulsating life. A striking
peculiarity of this temple is the figure-brackets which spring from the shoulders of the outer
pillars of the temple. The figure-brackets are mere ornaments and represent the intermediate
stage between their earlier analogues at Sanchi and the later examples at Vijayanagara.
The Thousand-Pillared Temple at Hanamkonda, built by the Kakatiya king Rudra in
A.D.1162, is similar in style and workmanship to the Ramappa temple. This temple,
dedicated to Siva, Vishnu and Surya, is star-shaped. The Nandi pavilion, in which a huge
granite bull still stands, the beautiful entrances to the shrine, the pierced slabs used for
screens and windows, and the elegant open work by which the bracket-shafts are attached to
the pillars are the other most interesting features of this temple.
The temple in the Warangal fort, believed to have been built by Kakatiya Ganapati, was
constructed making use of large slabs. The floor of the shrine is beautifully polished and
shines like a mirror. An interesting feature of this temple is the four gateways called `Kirti
Stambhas’ which face the four cardinal points of the compass. In their design the gateways
are reminiscent of the `toranas’ of the Great Stupa at Sanchi. The architecture and sculpture
of these temples are thus conventional to a degree but no one can deny their magnificence nor
can any one fail to see the rich imagination, patient industry and skilful workmanship of the
builders of the temples of the Kakatiya period.
Alampur Temples:
There are a total of nine temples in Alampur. All of them are dedicated to Shiva. These
temples date back to the 7th century A.D and were built by the Badami Chalukyas rulers who
were great patrons of art and architecture. Even after a time span of several hundred years,
these grand temples still stand firm reflecting the rich architectural heritage of the country.
The temples are emblematic of the Northern and Western Indian styles of architecture. They
do not reflect the Dravidian style of architecture as is generally common with the temples in
this region. The shikharas of all these temples have a curvilinear form and are adorned with
the miniature architectural devices. The plans and decoration similar to that of the rock cut
temples. The Alampur Navabhrama Temples are historically important and reflect
remarkable architectural skills. Alampur was previously Known as Halampuram,
Hamalapuram And Alampuram. Name of this place as Hatampura, mentioned in the
inscription dated AD 1101 belongs to Western Chalukya.
Yadagirigutta Temple
The Government of Telangana has constituted “Yadagirigutta Temple Development
Authority” under the Urban Areas (Development) Act 1975 for ensuring orderly growth
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and giving impetus for the historic religious and cultural development of the Yadagirigutta
Temple Complex and its surrounding and the requirement for special planning and
development control high level of infrastructural and managerial inputs for religious,
cultural and pilgrimage tourism and other relevant consideration. The authority covers 7
surroundings villages viz: Yadagiripally, Gundlapalli, Datarpally, Mallapur, Saidapur,
Rayagiri, Basavapur. A detailed Master plan was prepared for an extent of 4 acres of land
on the top of the hillock while expanding the hillock area by constructing retaining walls
all around the temple.
• In all 1900 acres have been acquired for the purpose of orderly development of the temple and its surroundings
• A temple city is planned on an extent of 800 acres separately on the Peddagutta area and out of this 250 acres has already been developed
• Internal roads are laid along with other required infrastructure like drainage, water supply, electricity etc. Lush Green lawns with beautiful landscape is developed on
this hillock. More than 300 plots are carved out and are ready for allotment under the
donor scheme
• Another hillock consisting of 13-26 acres is under development for construction of
14 VVIP cottages along with the necessary infrastructure. The entire area is
developed under the donor cottages scheme
• 90 % of the works of the temple and temple city have been completed.
Vemulawada Temple
Vemulawada Temple Area Development Authority under the Telangana Urban Areas
(Development) Act, 1975 was constituted for development of Vemulawada Temple
Complex and its surrounding areas consisting of Six (6) Villages namely Sankepalli,
Chandragiri, Marupaka, Jayavaram, Thettekunta, Arepalli, Seven R&R Colonies and
Vemulawada Municipality. The Draft Master Plan for development of Vemulawada Temple
Complex and its surrounding areas has been prepared by the Authority. For this purpose the
Government have released Rs.65.00 crores till now.
In addition to the development of Vemulawada temple complex, it is proposed to take up
developmental activities at Baddipochamma temple and Sri Laxmi Narasimha Swamy
temple, Nampally Gutta.
Cultural Sites Museums
Telangana has many museums which have prized collections of different civilisations
depicting the culture of the various kingdoms of the state. They are:
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Salar Jung Museum
It is one of the three National museums of India and is located in the city of Hyderabad in
Telangana. The art objects were collected by three generations of the Salar Jung family with
the major portion of the collection acquired by Salar Jung III (Nawab Mir Yousuf Ali Khan)
who devoted his entire life to collecting rare and precious art objects. It was originally stored
in his ancestral palace ‘Dewan Deodi’. Thereafter his heirs decided to form a museum to
store the various artefacts, books and manuscripts in 1968. The collection comprises antiques
and art objects not only from India but also from Western, Middle East and Far East
countries. It is a treasure house of art from different cultures like Roman, Greek, Hindu, Jain
Buddhist, Islamic and Christian culture and a cultural centre for research projects, exhibits as
well as an educational centre. These include paintings, sculptures, metal ware, carvings,
ceramics, ivory, lacquer ware, porcelain, metal ware, glass etc and a huge library of books,
journals and manuscripts.
Hyderabad Museum
It is located at Hyderabad’s public garden and is the state’s oldest museum. It has many
galleries containing bronze and stone sculptures, paintings, textiles, manuscripts, arts and
antiquities representing Vijayanagara and Chalukyan period including Buddhist artefacts.
Nizam Museum or City Museum
This museum which is situated in the palace (Purani Haveli) of the last Nizam of Hyderabad
Asaf Jah VII (Osman Ali Khan Bahadur) contains treasures which include artefacts of
swords, daggers studded with precious stones, figurines, Neolithic pottery, coins of
Satavahana period etc.
National History Museum
This museum is located inside the Nehru Zoological Park in Hyderabad and contains many
artefacts and stuffed dummies of extinct animals and birds.
Crafts
Bidri Craft
This craft form is said to have originated in Iran centuries ago and brought down by migrants.
It has been nourished and maintained by future generations of practitioners and is said to
have derived its name from the town Bidar of the erstwhile princely Hyderabad state now
currently part of Karnataka. It is the unique art of silver engraved on metal. It involves four
stages of manufacturing namely casting, engraving, inlaying and oxidising. Black colours for
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surface ornamentation are used for Bidri art which does not fade easily and is accompanied
by silver and gold coatings. An alloy of zinc and copper called gunmetal is used for this art.
Flower vases, jewellery boxes, key chains and other artefacts are made which is very popular
all over the world.
Banjara Needle Craft
This needle craft is practised by the Banjaras or tribals of Telangana. It is made up of
needlework with geometric patterns of squares, diamonds and triangles. Colourful and
different types of stitches with mirror work, beads and shells are made on rich and brightly
coloured clothes. These are different from the embroidery and design work of the tribals of
Gujarat and Kutch region. These beautiful designs and intricate patterns are used in clothes,
bags, bedspreads and bring an exotic look to the decor of a place.
Bronze Castings
The bronze castings of Telangana are world famous and detailed information can be obtained
from the Shilpa Shastras which is a text from the Gupta period on the methodology of casting
images in metal. The Vishnusamhita an appendix to the Vishnu Purana refers to wax
modelling for making metal objects. The ancient Sanskrit text Manasara Shilpa has a chapter
entitled Lost wax Method or Maduchhistha Vidhanam giving details of casting idols in wax.
The Abhilasitartha Chintamani or Manasollasa written by King Bhulokamalla Someshvara of
the Chalukya dynasty gives detailed description of lost wax and casting methods.
Srikumara’s Silparatna contains instructions on the hollow casting procedure. Studying all
these detailed procedures the craftsmen make the idols with accurate measurements and
descriptions of the deity in proper proportion bringing out the salient features and
characteristics. Several coatings of clay on a finished wax model are used to create the mould
which then imparts intricate curves to the cast image.
Dokra Metal Craft
This metal craft could be seen centuries earlier in the artefacts of Mohenjo Daro. It is a bell
metal craft which combines skills of metallurgy with wax technique and though it originated
in West Bengal, Chhatisgarh and Jharkhand it travelled to Orissa and Andhra Pradesh mainly
in the district of Adilabad. Dokra is an ancient technique of casting wherein wax threads are
wrapped around an inner core of clay model. Molten brass or bronze is poured into an
opening which has been covered with another layer of clay. It is a very labour intensive work
and each piece crafted is different from the other. Simple art forms and traditional designs are
made like tribal Gods, figurines, caskets, bowls etc and its aesthetic beauty is in great demand
in India and abroad.
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Nirmal toys and handi crafts
Initially the Nirmal artisans restricted themselves to art form. But later local talent was
exploited and decorative and utility articles began to be manufactured. Nirmal toys are carved
out of Puniki wood or ‘Puniki Chekka’ which is flexible and light and can be cut into various
shapes and sizes. The various parts of the toys are then coated with ‘Chinta Leppam’ which is
a specially prepared glue prepared from boiled tamarind seeds and sawdust and coated with
white clay which smoothens any depressions or ridges present in the toys. The artefacts and
wall plaques are made of teak wood which is well finished on lathe before painting the
preconceived design. Then Duco paint in the desired background colour is sprayed on the
plaque and finally the artisan paints the design. The quality and beauty of the finished
products is breath taking. In modern times experimentation with various hues and shades
without moving away from tradition has been evolved. A variety of aesthetic household and
office furniture and decorative furnishings too are made by the craftsmen.
Lacquer Ware
Lac is said to have been first mentioned in 1590 AD in Aaine Akbari written by Abul Fazl.
Lac is a gummy deposit obtained from insects which are tiny and red in colour and which
thrive on certain species of trees. This craft involves applying lacquer on wood in different
colours which is done on a lathe or ‘turned toys’ and can be machine or hand operated. A
light species of wood called Ankudu karra is generally used and the lacstick is pressed
against the woodenware to be lacquered. Designs are painted on toys and figures using a
brush. The lac is applied in a dry state. The lac is softened with the help of the heat evolved
from the friction during the revolving of the woodenware and enables the colour to stick. The
most popular form of lacquer ware are the lac bangles studded with mirrors, beads and stones
in attractive colours and designs. Besides this many decorative items like bowls, vases,
containers etc are made. Etikoppaka town in Telangana is especially famous for Lacquer
ware. Lacquer is applied on embellished with beads, stones and mirrors .
Music
Telangana has a music tradition of Carnatic music and folk music.The different forms of folk
music are
Oggukatha:It is a traditional folk singing art carried out by some communities who sing
songs in the form of ballads in praise of their tribal Gods and on Lord Shiva moving from one
place to another. They narrate and dramatise the stories of the Gods. Sarada Kala In this the
story tellers or balladeers narrate stories in song form using the Sarada stringed instruments.
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Dances
Perini Shivathandavam: Perini Shivathandavam is a dance which originated in the Kakatiya
dynasty which ruledfor nearly two centuries and established their kingdom in Warangal. It
was performedin front of the idol of Lord Shiva before the soldiers set out to fight in the
battle. It is called the ‘Dance of Warriors’ and is usually performed only by males. Evidence
of this dance form can be seen in the sculptures of the Ramappa temple in Warangal in the
sanctum sanctorum or Garbha Gruha of the main temple. This dance is performed vigorously
to the beats of drums as the dancers feel the power of Shiva entering their body as they
invoke him in a deep abstract way and is considered highly invigorating and intoxicating.
This dance form was on the verge of extinction after the decline of the Kakatiya Empire but
has been revived in recent times.
Gobbi Dance: It is performed during the Sankranthi festival and derives its name from
‘Gobbillu’ or ‘balls of cow dung’ which are placed in the middle of rangoli designs made in
front of houses. These are then worshipped along with rituals, kumkum, turmeric and
flowers. In the evening young girls sing and dance around the Gobbillu in a circular manner
similar to the Garbha dance of Gujarat.
Burra Katha:This is a form of storytelling using a musical instrument called ‘Burra’. This
art evolved from a dance called Tandana Katha which was a popular means of entertainment
for the rural masses. A Burra Katha group consists of three artistes the main artist being in the
centre dressed with a long flowing dress called angaraksha , a colourful turban with a crest
feather, a tight pyjama or dhoti, a colourful waistband and musical bells on his ankles. He
holds a Burra (a kind of Tambura) in his hand and sings the ballads while playing the
instrument. He is called the storyteller or Kathakudu and his stories are based on mythology
or history. He also wears a metal ring called Andelu in his right hand and holds another ring
in his left hand and beats music with them. He is accompanied by two other artistes one on
either side called Vantalu who are similarly dressed and play the instruments called Barralu
or Budigalu or dhaki which are earthern drums of two heads. One of them is called the
Rajkiya who enlivens the session with his satirical political and social commentary and the
other is the Hasyam clown for comic relief. The ballad compositions contain a variety of
songs in content and form in different meters.
Dandaria dance:This dance is generally performed by the Gonds of the hilly region of
Northern Hyderabad with Dandas or sticks. The male dancers wear colourful costumes and
strike their sticks dancing to the accompaniment of trumpets and drums with musicians
leading the procession. They go from village to village and even the hosts sometimes
accompany them in their dance. According to the Gond legend, Dandaria was an ancient
Gond hero who was the creator of this dance and he was originally a descendant of the
Pandavas thus the Gonds believe they too are descendants of the Pandavas and joyously
celebrate this dance.
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Dhamal Dance:
This dance is in mime form and performed by the Siddhis of Hyderabad region. The Siddhis
are said to be originally from Africa and Abyssinia who were brought into Andhra as slaves
in the 12th century to perform guard duties in the palaces by the Hindu Kings. The ruling
classes used them as sailors, soldiers and guards. It is in the form of martial art using shields
and swords and they perform various steps and is a ceremonial dance performed during
marriages to the accompaniment of various musical instruments. Their exotic dances with
special war like movements and exotic colourful costumes reflect the flavour of their land of
origin.
Mathuri Dance
This is a special dance performed by the Madhuri tribe of Adilabad during the rainy season of
the month of Shravan. Unlike in most of the dance forms which are performed predominantly
by men including roles of women, this dance is performed by both men and women with men
in the outer semi circle and women in the inner circle. The men strike small sticks while
women clap to the accompaniment of secular and devotional songs. These tribes were said to
have been originally from Mathura and hence their dance is said to bear resemblance to the
Ras Leela dances of Uttar Pradesh.
Bhamakalpam and Gollakalapam
These are famous folk art forms of traditional drama written by Sidhendra Yogi in the 7th
century. Kalapam is a one act folk play in a simple traditional dance drama form. A Sutradhar
gives the main running commentary of the sequence and each character narrates his story
with another character making comments or asking questions. The main emphasis is
Satthvikabhinaya with Bhakti or Shringar Rasa. This dance form with emphasis on moral
values was initiated by Sidhendra Yogi to differentiate it from the dances performed by the
nautch girls of those times. He trained young boys from the Brahmin community with
complex expressions and elaborate gestures as in the Kuchipudi dance form with
philosophical stories forming the main theme wherein a simple milkmaid explains to an
erudite Brahmin concepts of Dharma and the philosophy behind the various incarnations of
God on earth.
Art and Culture of Telangana
A vault of diverse cultures, Telangana is among the most creative states in India when it
comes to culture and arts of Telangana. One of the most famous art forms developed right
since the 16th century is the Golconda style. Involving the use of bright gold and a dash a
white, this method blends foreign techniques. Another famous form is the Hyderabad style
which emerged under the Nizami influence around the 17th century. Dokra is also an
amazing art form whereby skilled artisans use brass to make spectacular figurines, idols of
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gods/goddesses, horses, elephants, and other animals. Originating from Bidar in Karnataka,
Bidri art form is also highly prevalent in the state. This art is used to make jewelry boxes,
buttons, hookahs, and other items. All these art forms are an incredibly vital part of
Telangana culture and tradition.
Music and Dance Forms of Telangana:
Telangana has a perfect mix of folk and Carnatic music. Known popularly as Bhakta
Ramadasu, Kancherla Gopanna was among the most famous Carnatic music composers and
an ardent Rama devotee during the 17th century. The folk songs of Telangana played a
crucial role in the agitation for statehood. Book a couple of cheap last minute flights and
come to experience firsthand the fantastic music of Telangana state.
When it comes to music and dance, there is a diverse variation in Telangana culture and
tradition. Perini Thandavam is the traditional Telangana dance form name and is generally
performed only by menfolk. Meaning the Dance of Warriors, the performance depicts the
dance of warriors in the presence of a Shiva idol prior to heading out for battle. There is
spirited dancing by devotees during Bonalu, one of the most important festivals of
Telangana. A lot of people book cheap flights to Hyderabad to come be a part of this
spectacular festival.
Religion of Telangana State
Up until the 6th century, Buddhism was the dominant religion of the region. Currently, the
major religions of Telangana are Hinduism, Islam, and Christianity with Hinduism being the
most followed religion among these. The main deities of Hinduism are Vishnu, Shiva,
Ganapati, and Hanuman. Warangal’s Thousand Pillar Temple and the Vugra Narasimha
Swamy Temple at Yadagirigutta are among the oldest shrines in Telangana and attract hordes
of people from various parts of India regularly. They form an integral part of Telangana
culture and tradition.
Traditional Dress of Telangana
The cotton-producing units of Telangana are famous worldwide. The state is also renowned
for its exquisite tie-and-dye techniques. Thereby, the traditional dress of Telangana couples
and otherwise is among the most interesting ones ever. Women generally wear saris,
churidars, and langa voni. The most famous saris of Telangana culture and tradition include
Gadwal Sari, Pochampally Silk Sari, and Ikat Sari. However, many women wear western
clothes as well. Traditional dress for men folk in Telangana includes the Dhoti, otherwise
known as pancha. In the earlier times, the Nizams and other nobles of Hyderabad preferred to
wear Hyderabadi sherwanis. It is usually worn by grooms during wedding ceremonies in
Telangana today.
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Telangana Cuisine:
One of the most important things you should do when visiting the state on cheap economy or
luxurious business class flights is to try the amazing cuisine. A tour of Telangana culture and
tradition is incomplete without this vital aspect. Telugu cuisine is dominated by bajra, millet,
and jowar. Hyderabadi cuisine was developed by the Nizams and the Qutub Shahi Dynasty.
The flavors of this cuisine have been infused by Persian, Telugu, Marathwada, Turkish, and
Mughal influences. A mouthwatering mixture of aromatic spices, herbs and other ingredients,
must-try Hyderabadi dishes include Biryani, Haleem, Naan Qalia, Kebabs, Keema Samosa,
Mirchi ka Salan, Khubani ka Meetha, and Lukhmi among others.The biggest congregation is
witnessed at historic Mecca Masjid near Charminar. Special arrangements are made at many
mosques and function halls for women folk to offer their prayers. Shopping for groceries and
other items during this month continues until late night.The historic city of Hyderabad with a
rich Muslim heritage comes vibrantly alive during this holy month. Most of the hotels sell
lip-smacking Haleem, a dish cherished by people after ‘Iftar’ or breaking the day’s fast.
Tonnes of dates and fruits are sold every day to break the fast. Ramzan is a time of immense
festivities, where the popular Hindu-Muslim unity comes alive in Telangana, which is a
cradle of secularism.
Conclusion
Telangana has a rich culture and tradition and the arte facts and crafts made by the artisans
are in great demand throughout the world. Their historical designs on cloth and their folk and
traditional arts are well known and have been passed down to generations of artisans and
weavers.Telangana culture and tradition have fascinated art and history lovers all across the
country. The 29th state of India, Telangana is also its youngest (or newest) state. Formed on
June 2nd, 2014, the name Telangana is derived from the word ‘trilinga.’ This is because
according to legend, the lingams of Hindu deity Shiva are found on the three mountains that
line Telangana boundaries – Kaleshwaram, Srisailam, and Draksharamam. A multicultural
province, the cultural history of Telangana dates back almost 5,000 years. Popular as
the South of North and North of South, Telangana is home to diverse cultures, traditions, arts, and religions.Keep reading if you wish to know more about the society, culture, heritage, arts
and literature of Telangana. Our guide to the intriguing Telangana culture and tradition will
tell you all you wish to know about this incredible young Indian state. Telangana culture
combines cultural customs from Persian traditions, embedded during rule of the region by the
Moghuls, Qutub Shahis and Nizams, with prominent and predominantly south Indian
traditions and customs. The State has a rich tradition in classical music, painting and folk arts
such as Burra katha, Shadow Puppet show, and Perini Shiva Tandavam, Gusadi Dance,
Kolatam. In Deccan region one can witness the vibrant blend of Telugu culture existing from
the times of Satavahanas (230 BCE-220 CE) and Kakatiyas (1175-1324 CE) and Persian
traditions from the Mughals and Nizams (1724-1948) who ruled before and during the reign
of British imperialism respectively. While Telugu is the predominant language with 76% of
the people speaking it, Urdu (12%) and other languages (12%) are also quite common in this
region. Before 1948, Urdu was the official language of the princely state of Hyderabad and it
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was the common dialect among the elite of Telangana. However, Telugu became the official
language and was introduced as the medium of instruction in schools and colleges after
Hyderabad joined the Indian Union, following which the use of Urdu among non-Muslim
was reduced.
References:
1.https://www.aceenggacademy.com/
2. https://www.telangana.gov.in/
3.Raj, Sheela (1987). Medievalism to modernism: Socio-economic and cultural history
of Hyderabad (1869–1911). Bombay: Popular Prakashan Publishers.
4.Vaikuntam, Y. (2004). Studies in socio-cultural and political history: Modern Andhra.
Hyderabad: Kashak Art Printers.
5. Socio Economic Outlook – 2020 ,Government of Telangana.
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