an overview cheng yu ph.d. international school, tongji university [email protected]
TRANSCRIPT
The Nation
National Day: October 1
Golden Week holiday
The Nation
National Day: October 1
October 1,1949
The Nation
National Flag: Five-star flag
Red: red land, symbolizes revolution
Five stars: the unity of the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.
The Nation
National Emblem
Elements: Five-star flag Tian’anmen Rostrum A wheel gear : workers Ears of wheat: peasants
The Nation
National Emblem
Court
Police
Lyrics: Tian Han, Music: Nie Er Arise, ye who refuse to be slave! Let us amount our flesh and blood toward our new Great
Wall! The Chinese nation faces its greatest peril. The understanding roar of our people will be heard! Arise! Arise! Arise! We are many, but our hearts beat as one! Selflessly braving the enemy’s gunfire, march on! March on! march on! on!
March of the Volunteers
The Nation
National Anthem
Tian’anmen
Forbidden City
National Capital: Beijing
Great Wall
The Nation
Temple of Heaven
Summer Palace
Ming tombs
National Capital: Beijing
The Nation
Location and Boundary
Geography
Location and Boundary
Geography
9.6 million sq km More than 7000 islands,
the largest one is Taiwan Island; the southernmost are Dongsha, Xisha, Zhongsha, Nansha and Zengmu Reef.
Mount Qomolangma: the highest mountain in the world
23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions , 4 municipalities and 2 special administrative region.
Administrative Divisions
Tree-tier system
Topography: 4 steps staircase
Geography
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Elevation : 4000
Northeast plain
Elevation : 500~1000
Loess PlateauElevation : 1000~2000
North China plain
Middle-lower Yangtze plain
Continental shelf
Elevation : >- 200
Rivers and Lakes
Geography
Yangtze Rive 6300 km
More than 1500 rivers
Reserves of 680 million kw hydropower
catchment area of exterior rivers: 64% of the land; of interior : 36%
24,800 natural lakes Man-made canals:
Grand canal 1,801 km
Yellow Rive5464 km
Climate
Geography
Equatorial
Tropical monsoon climate
Subtropical monsoon climate
Temperate monsoon climate
Temperate Continental climate
Mountain plateau climate
Monsoon from
Siberia &
Mongolia
Population
1953
1964
1982
1990
20002010
PopulationOne-child police
From 1978 30 years ago and now
Population
PopulationPopulation densityPopulation density Natural Population density
Per sq kmNatural Population densityPer sq km
>400100-40050-1001-50<1
>400100-40050-1001-50<1
56 Ethnic Groups55 minorities
Ethnic Groups
中国民族分布图
Ethnic G
roups
Socialist transformation in 1958
• State-owned economy
Founded in 1949 Reform and opening up in 1978
• Collective economy
• Foreign economy
• Individual economy
Social economy
• Private owned economy (weak)
• Foreign economy
• Bureaucrat capitalism economy
• Farmers and handicraftsman
Left
• State-owned economy
Protected• Private owned
economy
Protected • Individual economy
• Collective economy
Purchased
• State-owned economy
•Sino-foreign economy
• Private owned economy
Purchased
• Feudalism economy
Confiscated
Confiscated
Outward-oriented economy with coexistence of various economic composition Market economy
Internal-orientedpublic-owned economyPlaned economy
Economic Development and Reform
Economic Development and Reform
Deng Xiaoping: Development is absolute principle