an al isis dan pera n ca ngan siste m p enga … ud i kas us di pt. xyz kali mantan t i mu r s krip...

NAGNACNAREP NAD SISILANA NAIAKAMEP NAD NAADAGNEP METSIS

NISEM NATALAREP GNADUG ID

susaK idutS id rumiT natnamilaK ZYX .TP

ISPIRKS

tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD imonokE anajraS raleG helorepmeM

isnatnukA idutS margorP

: helO ijA otnuP udnaP suitangI

821411280 : MIN

ISNATNUKA NASURUJ ISNATNUKA IDUTS MARGORP IMONOKE SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU ATRAKAYGOY

3102




ISPIRKS




821411280 : MIN



3102




ISPIRKS




821411280 : MIN



3102

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i


NISEM NATALAREP GNADUG ID susaK idutS id rumiT natnamilaK ZYX .TP

ISPIRKS


idutS margorP isnatnukA


821411280 : MIN



3102

i



ISPIRKS




821411280 : MIN



3102

i



ISPIRKS




821411280 : MIN



3102


ii


iii


vi

… … kciuq dna tnelis

)nuS ehT fo sraeT(

:adapek nakhabmesrepuk ini ispirkS

sutsirK suseY nahuT

atnicret ubI nad kapaB

kidA - atnicret ukkida

atnicret ukhisakeK

itagnameynem nad gnukudnem gnay namet aumeS

amrahD atanaS satisrevinU raseb agrauleK


v

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

IMONOKE SATLUKAF

ISNATNUKA NASURUJ – ISNATNUKA IDUTS MARGORP

ISPIRKS SILUT AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

:luduj nagned ispirkS awhab nakataynem ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY METSIS NAGNACNAREP NAD SISILANA NAADAGNEP NAD

NAIAKAMEP GNADUG ID NISEM NATALAREP ( rumiT natnamilaK ZYX .TP adap susaK idutS )

laggnat adap ijuid kutnu nakujamid nad 3102 iraurbeF 52 .ayas ayrak lisah halada

ini ispirks malad awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem ayas ini nagneD tapadret kadit libma ayas gnay nial gnaro nasilut naigabes uata nahurulesek

lobmis uata tamilak naiakgnar kutneb malad urinem uata ,nilaynem arac nagned gnay nial silunep irad narikimep uata tapadnep uata nasagag nakkujnunem gnay

haloes uka ayas - ayas nasilut iagabes halo naigab tapadret kadit uata nad iridnes nasilut irad libma ayas gnay uata ,urit ,nilas ayas gnay nasilut nahurulesek uata

.aynilsa silunep adap naukagnep nakirebmem apnat nial gnaro

,kadit nupuam ajagnes kiab ,sata id tubesret lah nakukalem ayas alibapAd lisah iagabes nakuja ayas gnay ispirks kiranem nakataynem ayas ini nagne

nakukalem ataynret ayas awhab itkubret naidumek aliB .ini iridnes ayas nasiluthaloes nial gnaro nasilut urinem uata nilaynem nakadnit - ayas narikimep lisah halo

raleg itrareb ,iridnes ayas latab satisrevinu helo nakirebid halet gnay hasaji nad.amiret

,atrakaygoY 3102 iraurbeF 82 ,naataynrep taubmem gnaY

ijA otnuP udnaP suitangI


iv

NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL

NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP SIMEDAKA

:amrahD atanaS satisrevinU awsisaham ayas ,ini hawabid nagnatadnatreb gnaY

ijA otnuP udnaP suitangI : amaN

821411280 : MIN

naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnabmegnep imeD

gnay ayas haimli ayrak amrahD atanaS satisrevinU :ludujreb

id niseM natalareP naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS nagnacnareP nad sisilanA

)rumiT natnamilaK ZYX .TP id susaK idutS( gnaduG

atanaS satisrevinU naahasureP adapek nakirebmem ayas naikimed nagneD

utneb malad nakhilagnem ,napmiynem kutnu kah amrahD ,nial aidem k

nad ,satabret araces nakisubirtsidnem ,atad nalakgnep kutneb malad aynalolegnem

aynnakisakilbupmem kadit nagnitnepek kutnu nial aidem uata tenretni id

.silunep irad nizi atnimem ulrep simedaka

nagned taub ayas ini naataynrep naikimeD .aynranebes

atrakaygoY id taubiD

82 laggnat adaP iraurbeF 3102 ,nakataynem gnaY



iiv

RATNAGNEP ATAK

sata asE ahaM gnaY nahuT adapek naktajnap silunep rukuys ijuP

tamhar nad takreb nahapmil - unep aggnihes itneh adait gnay ,ayN tapad sil

.ini ispirks nakiaseleynem

metsiS nagnacnareP nad sisilanA“ luduj nagned ispirkS nad naadagneP

naiakameP niseM natalareP tarays utas halas ihunemem kutnu taubid ini ”

nasuruJ ,isnatnukA idutS margorP ,imonokE anajraS raleg helorepmem

.atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU ,imonokE satlukaF ,isnatnukA

ini ispirks ,kahip iagabreb irad nautnab apnat awhab iradaynem siluneP

it nigni silunep ini natapmesek adaP .nakiaselesret tapad nikgnum kad

: adapek hisak amiret nakiapmaynem

.1 hisak nagned ignarenem aites ulales gnay sutsirK suseY nahuT - ayN

.ini ispirks nasilunep amales hapmilem gnay

.2 les .J.S ,amatmatayirP onoyriW suluaP .rI .rD satisrevinU rotkeR uka

nad rajaleb kutnu natapmesek nakirebmem halet gnay amrahD atanaS

silunep adapek naidabirpek nakgnabmegnem

.3 nesoD ukales .M.M ,.kA ,irasnawanitsugA neiG .MFY .arD

sesorp amales gnibmibmem kaynab halet gnay kimedakA gnibmibmeP

hailukrep .na

.4 AIQ ,.iS,M ,.tkA ,otnatraH .Y idaisnaH .srD .rI nesoD ukales

kutnu utkaw nakgnaulem kaynab halet gnay gnibmibmeP

.ini ispirks nanusuynep malad nakusam irebmem nad gnibmibmem


iiiv

.5 isnerefer nakirebmem utnabmem gnay .E.S artuP suilenroK okciN -

s gnay isnerefer .ispirks nakajregnem silunep taas adap anugreb tagna

.6 kapaB iduB oyteS gnabmaB suisangI ubI , irS airevaX aksisnarF

ijA oteS ansirK suisangI ,hisgninitraH uyahaR nad ateS antaR airaM

ijA malad tagnames nad nagnukud nakirebmem ulales gnay atnicret

kanaskalem .halel lanegnem apnat nakididnep na

.7 irasoraleD aisneruaL alages malad nagnukud nakirebmem ulales gnay

isautis isidnok nad .silunep ipadahid gnay

.8 samiD ,ikciD , ,kiliL trA ah ,ocoC , ,owoB ,idnE nawdiR ,ahduY , onoJ ,

,uyaB ,itaJ gnugaH ,tidA ,akahT iggnA , naker aumes nad - gnay naker

iretam ianegnem amasreb isuksidreb malad silunep utnabmem nad

aynnarubih .

.9 nameT - namet amaturet 8002 natakgna isnatnukA awsisaham namet -

.halasam ipadahgnem malad amasreb ulales gnay TPM salek namet

.01 tnabmem halet gnay kahip aumeS gnay ini ispirks nanusuynep malad u

.utasrep utas naktubes silunep tapad kadit

helo ,aynnagnarukek kaynab hisam ini ispirks awhab iradaynem siluneP

.naras nad kitirk nakparahgnem silunep uti anerak ini ispirks agomeS

.acabmep igab taafnamreb tapad

,atrakaygoY 7 iraurbeF 102 3

siluneP


xi

ISI RATFAD

LUDUJ NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ...................... i GNIBMIBMEP NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH ................................ ............. ii

EP NAMALAH NAHASEGN ................................ ................................ ........ ii i AH NAHABMESREP NAD OTTOM NAMAL ................................ ............ iv

NREP NAMALAH SILUT AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAY ....................... v NAMALAH NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP

SIMEDAKA ................................ ................................ ................................ .... vi RATNAGNEP ATAK NAMALAH ................................ ............................... vii

ISI RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ............. xi LEBAT RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ..... xi

RABMAG RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ . xii NARIPMAL RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ............................. ix ii

KARTSBA ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... x vi I BAB NAULUHADNEP ................................ ................................ .......... 1

halasaM gnakaleB rataL .A ................................ .......................... 1 halasaM nasumuR .B ................................ ................................ .... 4 naitileneP naujuT .C ................................ ................................ ..... 4 naitileneP taafnaM .D ................................ ................................ ... 4 nasiluneP akitametsiS .E ................................ .............................. 5

II BAB IROET NASADNAL ................................ ................................ ..... 7 .A metsiS isnatnukA ................................ ................................ ...... 7 .B nretnI nailadnegneP metsiS ................................ ..................... 15 .C naaidesreP naitregneP ................................ ............................... 16 .D nahaB naaidesreP metsiS ukaB ................................ ............... 81

III BAB NAITILENEP EDOTEM ................................ ............................... 22 naitileneP sineJ .A ................................ ................................ ........ 22

.B tapmeT naitileneP naitileneP utkaW ................................ ........ 22 .1 tapmeT ................................ ................................ ................ 22 .2 utkaW ................................ ................................ ................. 22 .C naitileneP kejbO nad naitileneP kejbuS ................................ ... 22 nakulrepid gnay ataD sineJ .D ................................ ....................... 32 gnay ataD .E nakulrepid ................................ ............................... 32 F . ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT ................................ ....................... 42 .G ataD sisilanA kinkeT ................................ ................................ 52

VI BAB MUMU NARABMAG NAAHASUREP ................................ ....... 92 .A harajeS ayniridreB naahasureP ................................ ................. 92 .B naahasureP isakoL ................................ ................................ ... 03 .C naahasureP habmaT ialiN nad igetartS ,isiM ,isiV .................. 13 .D ahasU gnadiB ................................ ................................ ........... 23 E . isasinagrO rutkurtS ................................ ................................ .. 33

BAB V ATAD SISILANA , NASAHABMEP NAREP NAD NAGNACNAIAKAMEP NAD NAADAGNEP METSIS NISEM NATALAREP

GNADUG ID ................................ ................................ .................... 74


x

.A naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS ispirkseD id niseM natalareP gnaduG TP natnamilaK ZYX rumiT ................................ ...... 74

.1 kokop nataigek nakispirksedneM y nakukalid gna ............. 74 2 . isgnuf nakispirksedneM - tiakret isgnuf ............................... 05 3 . nemukod nakispirksedneM - nakanugid gnay nemukod ...... 45 4 . nakanugid gnay isnatnuka natatac nakispirksedneM ......... 85 .5 metsis kutnebmem gnay rudesorp nagniraj nakispirksedneM

gnadug id nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep ....... 85 6 . nemukoD rilA nagaB nakispirksedneM ............................. 86

.B metsiS nagnidnabreP niseM natalareP naiakameP nad naadagneP metsis rudesorp nagned rumiT natnamilaK ZYX TP gnaduG id

naahasurep id ada gnay ................................ ............................. 18 .1 isgnuF - malad tiakret gnay isgnuf nad naadagnep metsis

nisem natalarep naiakamep ................................ ................. 18 2 . malad nakanugid gnay nemukoD nad naadagnep metsis

nisem natalarep naiakamep ................................ ................. 28 3 . malad nakanugid gnay isnatnuka natataC naadagnep metsis nisem natalarep naiakamep nad ................................ ........... 38 .4 kutnebmem gnay rudesorP naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis

nisem natalarep ................................ ................................ .... 48 .5 P adap nretni nailadnegne naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis

nisem natalarep ................................ ................................ ... 58 .C halasaM isakifitnedI ................................ ................................ . 88 .1 halasaM isakifitnedigneM ................................ .................. 88 2 . halasaM babeyneP isakifitnedigneM ................................ .. 98 3 . nasutupeK kitiT isakifitnedigneM icnuK linosreP nad ....... 29

D . metsiS nagnacnareP naiakameP nad naadagneP P natalare M gnadug id nise TP TP natnamilaK ZYX rumiT ................... 59

.1 isasinagrO rutkurtS nagnacnaR nad saguT naigabmeP , naaidesrep metsis malad gnaneweW ................................ ... 69

2 . nagnacnaR gnaduG utraK nemukoD ................................ .. 301 3 . nareP naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS rudesorP nagnac

gnaduG id niseM natalareP ................................ ................. 601 IV BAB PUTUNEP ................................ ................................ ...................... 231

nalupmiseK .A ................................ ................................ .............. 231 .B naitileneP nasatabreteK ................................ ............................ 431 naraS .C ................................ ................................ ........................ 531

AKATSUP RATFAD ................................ ................................ ..................... 731 NARIPMAL ................................ ................................ .......................... 931


ix

LEBAT RATFAD

lebaT 2 .1. lobmiS - trahcwolf lobmis ................................ ......................... 19 lebaT 5.1. redrO esahcruP isasirotO lebaT ................................ ................ 26 lebaT 5.2. sesorP emarF emiT lebaT ................................ ......................... 26 lebaT 5.3. naaidesreP /gnaraB naamireneP lebaT ................................ ..... 36 lebaT 5.4. P lebaT naisubirtsidne )BPS( gnaraB namirigneP taruS ........... 46 lebaT 5.5 . gnaraB naisubirtsidneP sesorP emarF emiT lebaT ................... 66 lebaT 5.6. rudesorp nagnidnabreP isgnuf gnatnet - gnay isgnuf malad tiakret

nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis ................... 18 lebaT 5.7. malad nakanugid gnay nemukod gnatnet rudesorp nagnidnabreP

nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis ................... 28 lebaT 5.8. nakanugid gnay isnatnuka natatac gnatnet rudesorp nagnidnabreP

malad naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis nisem natalarep ................................ ................................ .......... 38

lebaT 5.9. malad kutnebmem gnay rudesorp gnatnet rudesorp nagnidnabrePnisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis ................... 48

lebaT 5. 01 . gnay nretni nailadnegnep gnatnet rudesorp nagnidnabreP malad kutnebmem naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis

natalarep nisem ................................ ................................ .......... 58 lebaT 5. 11 . nad naadagnep metsis isulos nad halasam namukgnar lebaT

nisem natalarep naiakamep ................................ ........................ 59


iix

RABMAG RATFAD

rabmaG 2 1. naaidesreP metsiS rudesorP mumU narabmaG ........................ 02 rabmaG 4.1 mumu araces ZYX TP isasinagrO rutkurtS ............................... 33 rabmaG 4.2 gnadug naigab adap ZYX TP isasinagrO rutkurtS .................... 64 rabmaG 5.1 tsiS amekS naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS naanaskaleP me

araceS TP raseB siraG TP ZYX ................................ ............... 74 rabmaG 5.2 gnaduG id )niseM natalareP( gnaraB naadagneP rudesorP ...... 86 rabmaG 3.5 gnaraB amireT hareS nad namirigneP ,naamireneP rudesorP

gnaduG id )niseM natalareP( ................................ .................... 17 rabmaG 4.5 gnaduG id gnaraB naamireneP rilA margaiD

TP ZYX ................................ ................................ .................... 37 rabmaG 5.5 gnaduG id gnaraB naraulegneP rilA margaiD

TP ZYX ................................ ................................ .................... 77 rabmaG 6.5 kurtS nagnacnaR nad naadagneP metsiS isasinagrO rut

naiakameP gnaduG TP ZYX ................................ ................... 89 rabmaG 5.7 nagnacnaR gnaduG utraK ................................ .......................... 501 rabmaG 5.8 naiakameP nad naaadagneP metsiS rilA nagaB natalareP

niseM TP TP ZYX ................................ ................................ .... 701


iiix

NARIPMAL RATFAD

namalaH 1 naripmaL aracnawaW naaynatreP ratfaD ................................ ................. 041 2 naripmaL niseM natalareP naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS nemukoD 141


vix

KARTSBA

NAGNACNAREP NAD SISILANA NISEM NATALAREP NAIAKAMEP NAD NAADAGNEP METSIS

GNADUG ID S idut K susa id ZYX .TP rumiT natnamilaK


821411280 : MIN amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

atrakaygoY 3102

kutnu halada ini naitilenep aynnakadaid naujuT m iuhategne naanaskalep

metsis naiakamep nad naadagnep naaidesrep gnadug id ada gnay nisem natalarep TP adap ZYX nalajreb halet gnay haubes nakirebmem kutnu nad gnacnar na

nalusu nad nemukod sis tapad gnay met is naklamitpognem mets nad naadagnep naiakamep naaidesrep gnadug id ada gnay nisem natalarep TP adap turunem ZYX

ada gnay naaidesrep iroet . nagnabmekrep halada ini naitilenep gnakaleb rataL ,igolonket ayngnabmekreB .tatek nad tapec nikames gnay igolonket eb r kapmad

adap nagnabmekrep metsis ini lah , aynada nakkujnunem metsis aratna natiakretek.tare tagnas igolonket nad

nagned helorepid ataD .susak iduts halada nakukalid gnay naitilenep sineJatad sisilana kinkeT .isatnemukod nad aracnawaw ,isavresbo nakukalem gnay

gnay fitpirksed edotem nakanuggnem halada ini naitilenep malad nakanugid naksalejnem nad isakifisalkgnem ,atad naklupmugnem arac nagned nakukalid

.atad awhab naklupmisid tapad nakukalid gnay sisilana nad naitilenep lisah iraD

larep naaidesrep metsis pukuc hadus rumiT natnamilaK ZYX .TP gnadug id nata iauses nalajreb gnay metsis aumes kadit numan naahasurep isarepo gnukudnem gnay isakifitnedi nakrasadreB .ada gnay natalarep naaidesrep metsis iroet nagned

atalarep naaidesrep metsis nagnacnarep nakukalid ZYX .TP gnadug id n malad id nalajreb halet gnay rudesorp adap nakrasadreb rumiT natnamilaK kutnu nakiabrep nad nahaburep aparebeb nakukalem nagned naahasurep

metsis nagnacnarep isulos nakirebmem naiakamep nad naadagnep naaidesrepnisem natalarep itpo gnay nahalasek naklaminimem nad lam - gnay nahalasek

.naahasurep helo ikilimid gnay naaidesrep metsis malad idajret tapad nikgnum


vx

TCARTSBA

FO NGISED DNA SISYLANA ORP TNEMERUC DNA SENIHCAM EGASU ESUOHERAW TA METSYS

oenroB tsaE ,ZYX.TP no yduts esaC

suitangI ijA otnuP udnaP 821411280 : MIN

ytisrevinU amrahD atanaS atrakaygoY

3102

tnemerucorp fo noitatnemelpmi eht wonk ot saw hcraeser siht fo mia ehT tsaE ,ZYX TP fo esuoheraw eht ni yrotnevni senihcam fo egasu eht dna ,metsys

deirt osla hcraeser sihT .oenroB dna stnemucod fo ngised noitisoporp a evig ot eht no desab ,ZYX TP ni metsys yrotnevni gninnur eht lla sezimitpo hcihw metsys eht ni nrecnoc s’retirw morf detaerc saw hcraeser sihT .yroeht yrotnevni tnerruc

lonhcet dna metsyS .tnempoleved ygolonhcet dipar eht ni rehtegot dnob erew ygo.tnempoleved fo ecap emas

htiw atad deniag retirw ehT .yduts esac saw hcraeser siht fo epyt ehT evitpircseD .noitatnemucod dna weivretni ,noitavresbo era taht syaw suoremun

t ni desu taht euqinhcet sisylana atad eno saw dohtem evitpircseD .hcraeser sih.noitanalpxe atad dna gnitacifissalc ,gnitcelloc atad yb enod saw dohtem

eht ,tsriF .srettam owt ni detcartxe erew hcraeser siht fo snoisulcnoc ehT yliad s’ynapmoc troppus ot hguone saw ZYX TP ni metsys yrotnevni tnerruc

noitarepo eht fo lla ton taht dnuof hcraeser siht fo retirw eht ,sisylana htped nI . eht ,dnoceS .flesti yroeht yrotnevni eht htiw detius erew metsys eht fo strap yrotnevni dna noitisoporp eht rof ngised gnitadpu fo dnik a edam osla rehcraeser

erruc no desab metsys ngised hcraeser sihT .ZYX TP ni dleh taht serudecorp tn dluoc taht seruliaf laitnetop eht fo noitaziminim fo smret eht ni detaerc saw

.noitautis tnerruc eht ni deneppah


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A gnakaleB rataL

fititepmok nikames gnay sinsib ainud ayngnabmekreb nagned gnirieS

gnutnagreb nikames isasinagro nad naahasurep ,ini taas isasilabolg are adap

adap mrofni igolonket asi ep sesorp malad n nanapmiynep nad nahalog

gnay utkaw malad higgnac gnay igolonket nagnabmekreP .sinsib isamrofni

nem halet ini tapec tagnas fitaler paitesid iapmas aynnagnabmekrep iapac

id nad ajrek gnadib .takaraysam nasipal paites bmekreP atres igolonket nagna

nahadumek tutnunem sinsib ainud malad tatek nikames gnay aynnagniasrep

.isamrofni nanayal nakirebmem malad natapecek nad igolonket aynrasad adaP

igolonket nakanuggnem gnay nemele paites nahadumek imed nakgnabmekid

.tubesret kes kaynaB helo nakrawatid upmam gnay nahadumek ila

kaynab ,tubesret lah tahileM .ini gnarakes are adap igolonket nagnabmekrep

urep s naigab utas halas idajnem isamrofni igolonket nakidajnem gnay naaha

aynsinsib sesorp naknalajnem malad gnitnep gnilap gnay 002 ,ayajiW( )7 .

kutnu igolonket ilha arap gnorodnem ,isamrofni naka nahutubeK

h utas halas nakapurem metsiS .nagnabmekrep macam iagabreb nakukalem la

nagnabmekrep imalagnem gnay h , nad kiab gnay igolonket anerak idajret ini la

etsis ikilimem aguj itrareb nakanugid hadum ay m lebiskelf nad kiab gn

es .utkaw tapet nad tapec ,taruka naklisahid gnay isamrofni aggnih anerak helO

gnitnep gnay naigab idajnem igolonket naladnaek nad nama asar nanimaj uti

.naahasurep kaynab igab


2

metsiS ahasurep sinsib sesorp nagned isargetniret gnay na naka

nalibmagnep sesorp malad nakhutubid tagnas gnay isamrofni naklisahgnem

nagnabmekrep ihuragnepmem naka tubesret nasutupeK .nasutupek iagabreb

naanuggnep nagned gniries numaN .gnatad naka gnay asamid naahasurep

tubesret isamrofni metsis akam , nakparahid naahasurep iagabreb adap

araces idajret gnay nauggnag kiab ,metsis nauggnag aynidajret nanikgnumek

.anacneret kadit nupuam anacneret apureb tapad anacneret nauggnaG

rutkurts nahaburep uata alakreb metsis nagnabmegnep uata naarahilemep

esabatad , nakasurek apureb tapad anacneret kadit nauggnag nakgnades

,retupmok egarots , noitpurroc atad nauggnaG .mala anacneb nad nagniraj ,

nagnalihek nad sinsib sesorp ayntabmahret nakbabeynem naka ini macames

naahasurep adap naigurek naktabikagnem gnay atad ardnI( )0102 ,inaj .

aggnihes ,naaidesrep lah malad idajret tapad atad nagnaliheK

gnajnunem anug alup kiab gnay metsis utaus nakhutubmem aguj naaidesrep

.sinsib nataigek utaus t tapad tubesret nauggnaG aynkaynab anerak idajre

nemukod – p nagned nagned tiakret nemukod .naaidesre gnay naaidesrep metsiS

ajrenik ihuragnepmem tapad naaidesrep nailadnegnep malad lamitpo gnaruk

naahasurep h , irad iuhatekid tapad ini la is aynkadit fitkefe srep mets naaide

naahasurep ikilimid gnay .aynikilimid gnay naaidesrep rutagnem malad

agneP nagned anerak ,gnitnep tagnas gnay lah nakapurem naaidesrep naad

tapad iskudorp ialumem kutnu naahasurep lawa hakgnal tubesret naaidesrep

.nakukalid


3

TP ZYX haubes halada ahasurep gnadibid karegreb gnay na

rutkafunam utiay , m hatnem nahab/ukab nahab halognem nahab idajne

idaj nahab idajnem nupata idaj hagnetes halet ini naahasurep iniK .

iaynupmem aynutnet nad tasep nagned gnabmekreb gnay naaidesrep metsis

.kiab nagned tiwas apalek ukab nahab naaidesrep alolegnem kutnu nakanugid

ikilimem nagneD nanubekrep nahal raseb tagnas gnay metsis , naaidesrep nay g

.kiab halsurah ikilimid M gnay tiwaS apaleK kirbaP kaynab pukuc ikilime

t igabes nakanugid rages haub nahalognep tapme arahid p upmam nak

gnay sesorp alages aynutneT .kiab tagnas gnay kaynim satilauk naklisahgnem

natawarep metsis nakhutubmem iggnit tagnas gnay igolonket nakhutubmem

.alup kiab tagnas gnay

TP ZYX natalarep naaidesrep nanapmiynep gnadug ikilimem nisem -

utnu nakanugid gnay nisem anug nakukalid gnay natawarep gnajnunem k

nisem ajrenik agajnem - .irahes malad maj 42 isareporeb ulales gnay nisem

tapmet gnadug akam ,apur naikimedes gnay iskudorp sesorp ikilimem nagneD

desrep metsis ikilimem surah nisem natalarep aumes aynnapmisid anamid naai

nahalasek idajret ,nakukalid gnay natatacnep malad ilakgnireS .kiab gnay

iauses kadit gnadak tatacid gnay apa aggnihes natatacnep malad padahret

kadit araces gnarab ,nial gnay sketnok malaD .gnadugid ada gnay apa nagned

amal ulalret napmisret ajagnes halmuj ihuragnepmem naka ini lah aggnihes

naaidesrep metsis ada kadit akij ini laH .gnadug malad id ada gnay naaidesrep

nad uacak naka naaidesrep nanapmiynep akam ,natatacnep malad kiab gnay


4

ihuragnepmem naka tubesret nahalasek aggnihes ,kiab kadit idajnem ajrenik

.naahasurep

.B halasaM nasumuR

.1 metsis naanaskalep hakanamiagaB natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep

id ada gnay nisem gnadug TP adap ZYX ?

.2 hakanamiagaB nalusu metsis naklamitpognem tapad gnay metsis

nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep nad nagnacnar nalusu nemukod

ada gnay metsis malad id gnadug TP adap ZYX ?

.C naitileneP naujuT

.1 iuhategneM metsis naanaskalep natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep

gnadug id ada gnay nisem TP adap ZYX .nalajreb halet gnay

.2 nalusu gnacnareM nad nemukod sis gnay met naklamitpognem tapad

is mets gnadug id ada gnay nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep

TP adap ZYX naaidesrep iroet nagned iauses .

.D naitileneP taafnaM

.1 igaB .TP ZYX

idajnem kutnu upmam nakparahid nakukalid gnay naitilenep lisaH

libmagnem malad nagnabmitrep natiakreb gnay lah malad nasutupek

gnay naaidesrep metsis nagned natalarep rutagnem hadus ini taas

naamirenep ,naaidesrep naailebmep( naahasurep malad nakukalid


5

irad naaidesrep reilppus nagned tiakret gnnarab naraulegnep nad

)gnarab naiakamep

.2 revinU igaB amrahD atanaS satis

nahab nad naakatsupek habmanem tapad nakparahid ini naitilenep lisaH

uts awsisaham igab anugreb gnay id F satluka E aynsusuhk adap imonok

metsis namahamep gnatnet urab nasawaw habmanem upmam nad

gnadug id nisem natalarep naaidesrep .

.3 P igaB silune

kutnu aidem idajnem tapad nakparahid ini naitilenep lisaH

gnatnet nakgnabmegnem gnarab naaidesrep metsis iroet nakparenem nad -

ahasu ainud kitkarp malad ek hailuk taas adap tapadid halet gnay iroet

.aynhuggnuses gnay

.E naitileneP akitametsiS

.1 .I baB nauluhadneP

ini baB isireb ratal gnakaleb ,halasam nasumur nasatab ,halasam

naujut ,halasam taafnam ,naitilenep nad ,natilenep akitametsis .nasilunep

.2 .II baB iroeT nasadnaL

ini baB nakiarugnem gnatnet metsis ,metsis ,isnatnuka metsis isnatnuka

p b naaidesre gnara sisilana , nad ,metsis nagnacnarep .metsis


6

.3 .III baB naitileneP edoteM

ilenep sinej ianegnem nakiarugnem ini baB t utkaw nad tapmet ,nai

,naitilenep nad atad nalupmugnep kinket .atad sisilana kinket

.4 naahasureP mumU narabmaG .VI baB

ianegnem nakiarugnem ini baB ayniridreb harajes isakol ,naahasurep

,naahasurep v ,isi m ,isi s igetart nad n iali t habma p naahasure gnadib ,

nad ahasu isasinagro rutkurts .

.5 .V baB A ad nasahabmep ,atad isilan metsis nagnacnarep n natalarep

gnadug id nisem .

ianegnem nakiarugnem ini baB metsiS ispirkseD natalareP naaidesreP

gnaduG id niseM , eP metsiS nagnidnabreP naiakameP nad naadagn

gnaduG id niseM natalareP , halasaM isakifitnedI , nagnacnaR metsis

nisem natalarep naaidesrep TP rumiT natamilaK ZYX .

.6 P .IIV baB putune

nalupmisek ianegnem isireb ini baB aitilenep nasatabretek , n .naras nad


7

II BAB

IROET NASADNAL

.1 metsiS isnatnukA

metsiS )5002( otnayigoJ turunem halada uata rusnu nalupmukes

ilas gnay nemele nakukalem malad ihuragnepmem gnilas nad natiakreb gn

taus iapacnem kutnu amasreb nataigek uata naknigniid gnay naujut u

is gnay nagniraj haubes malad gnay nemele nalupmukes halada mets

k utas malad rutaret araces ajrekeb apret nad talub gnay nautase kutnu ud

naujut haubes iapacnem .utnetret narasas uata turu utaus halada rudesorP -

silut( lakirelk isarepo naturu - aparebeb naktabilem aynasaib ,)silunem

kutnu nakpatetid halet gnay nemetraped hibel uata utas malad id gnaro

majnem iskasnart irad magares gnay nanagnanep ni - gnay sinsib iskasnart

.idajret

helo nakispirksedid gnay metsis gnatnet naitregnep aparebeb adA

:nial aratna silunep aparebeb

.a yfnalatraB turuneM

aus malad tiakret gnilas gnay rusnu takgnarepes nakapurem metsiS“ ut

aratnaid isaler ratna rusnu – ”.nagnukgnil nagned tubesret rusnu

.b toropaR turuneM

utas nagnubuh takgnarep nad nautasek nalupmuk utaus halada metsiS“

”.nial amas


8

.c fokcA turuneM

uata lautpesnok araces nautasek paites halada metsiS“ iridret gnay kisif

b irad naiga – amas utas gnutnagret gnilas naadaek malad naigab

”.aynnial

malad metsis utaus halada )5002( otnayigoJ turunem isamrofni metsiS

,nairah iskasnart nahalognep nahutubek nakumetrepmem gnay isasinagro

nataigek nad lairejanam tafisreb ,isarepo gnukudnem utaus irad igetarts

naropal nagned utnetret raul kahip nakaideynem nad isasinagro - naropal

:halada isamrofni metsis nenopmoK .nakulrepid gnay

.1 metsis maladek naktupniid gnay atad halada nakusam kolB

.2 tam ledom nad akigol ,rudesorp isnanibmok halada ledom kolB kitame

.3 naukalrep tabika satilaukreb gnay isamrofni halada naraulek kolB

.nakusam sesorpmem gnay metsis

.4 halada igolonkeT kolB xob loot katok/ - kutnu nakanugid gnay tala

.isamrofni naklisahgnem naka gnay metsis gnukudnem

.5 atad nalupmuk halada atad sisab kolB .nagnubuhreb gnilas gnay

.6 namacna macam iagabreb irad metsis gnudnilep halada iladnek kolB

.metsis aynnalajreb uggnaggnem tapad gnay

tarayS – metsis tarays halada idayluM turunem :

.a halasam nakiaseleynem kutnu kutnebid surah metsiS

.b aynupmem surah metsis nemelE nakpatetid gnay anacner i

.c metsis nemele aratnaid nagnubuh aynadA


9

.d ad igrene ,isamrofni sura( sesorp irad rasad rusnU n hibel )lairetam

pirad gnitnep a metsis nemele ad

.e nemele naujut adapirad gnitnep hibel isasinagro naujuT

y kitsirekarak ikilimem metsis paiteS adebreb gna - tukireb ,adeb

metsis kitsiretkarak aparebeb )8002( idayluM turunem :

.a ( nasataB yradnuob anam rusnu uata nemele utaus narabmaggnep :)

.metsis raul id gnay anam nad metsis malad id kusamret gnay

.b ( nagnukgniL tnemnorivne nagnukgnil ,metsis raul id utauses alages :)

,aladnek ,ismusa nakaideynem gnay tupni .metsis utaus padahret

.c ( nakusaM tupni itrepes metsis nakhutubid gnay utauses alages :)

naka nad nagnukgnil irad igrene ,ukab nahab ,atad ,ayad rebmus

.metsis helo sesorpid

.d ( narauleK tuptuo ,naropal ,isamrofni apureb kudorp/ayad rebmus :)

kutnu nakaidesid gnay idaj gnarab ,retupmok rayal nalipmat ,nemukod

.metsis utaus malad nataigek helo metsis nagnukgnil

.e ( nenopmoK tnenopmoc iagabes isgnufreb gnay metsis rusnu haubes :)

tala gnay metsis utaus malad nahalognep sesorp naanaskalep

isamrofsnart utnabmem tupni idajnem tuptuo .

.f ( gnubuhgneP ecafretni ) uti metsis / metsis nenopmok anamid tapmet :

.iskaretnireb gnilas iridnes

.g ( nanapmiyneP egarots ) nakanugid nad iasaukid gnay nagnukgnil : helo

metsis kudorp irad aratnemes nanapmiynep tapmet iagabes metsis

.tubesret


01

nakanugid tapad anerak nakukalid gnitnep tagnas metsis sisilanA

nu halasam nakisakifitnedignem kut – /iakamep irad halasam resu . nagneD

oeL turunem metsis sisilana isinifed naikimed metsis iduts utaus halada d

kutnu uata urab metsis gnacnarem kutnu naujut nagned ada halet gnay

.ada halet gnay uata uluhadret halet gnay metsis ikiabrepmem

M turune utaus irad naiarugnep halada metsis sisilana )5002( otnayigoJ

ek hutu gnay isamrofni metsis naigab malad - nagned nenopmok naigab

nahalasamrep isaulavegnem nad nakisakifitnedignem kutnu duskam -

natapmesek ,nahalasamrep - natabmah ,natapmesek - idajret gnay natabmah

nahutubek nad - naklusuid tapad aggnihes nakparahid gnay nahutubek

s sisilanA .aynnakiabrep turunem metsi namsserP )642 ,1002( halada

,isaulavegnem ,halasam nakisakifitnedignem uata nakumenem nataigek

.metsis isakifiseps taubmem atres ledom taubmem naikimed nagneD

natamagnep ,gnadnamem nataigek iagabes nakitraid tapad metsis sisilana

upmiynem nad araces isamrofni metsis nakrasadreb metsis pesnok nakl

.lautpesnok nad kisif

nakutnenem gnilap gnay pahat nakapurem metsis sisilana napahaT

nakapurem tukireB .metsis nagnabmegnep pahat nahurulesek malad

:metsis sisilana napahat

.a inisid ,nauluhadnep sisilanA iagabreb naklupmugnem metsis sisilana

tubesid gnay silutret nemukod nusuynem kutnu mumu isamrofni

.metsiS sisilanA naanaskaleP nalusu

.b .metsis sisilana naanaskalep nalusu nanusuyneP


11

.c .metsis sisilana naanaskaleP

.d .metsis sisilana lisah naropal nanusuyneP

reT irad isinifed ianegnem naksalejnem gnay tapadnep aparebeb tapad

p aynaratnaid ,metsis nagnabmegne :

.a iulalem surah gnay keyorp utaus nakapurem metsis nagnabmegneP

.aynnial keyorp naanaskalep itrepes naisaulavegnep sesorp utaus

)8002 ,asmA(

.b kutnu urab gnay metsis nusuynem itrareb tapad metsis nagnabmegneP

kutnu uata nahurulesek araces amal gnay metsis nakitnaggnem

.)8002 ,imak( ada hadus gnay metsis ikiabrepmem

gnay naruta/pesnok/rudesorp/edotem halada metsis nagnabmegneP

gnem kutnu nakanugid namodep uata isamrofni metsis utaus nakgnabme

metsis nagnabmegnep amales nakajrekid surah gnay apa nad anamiagab

.)mhtirogla( :aynada anerak halada metsis nagnabmegnep nakadaid naujuT

.1 aynada anerak amal metsis irad lubmit gnay nahalasamrep aynadA

kaditek -b .isasinagro nahubmutrep nad nasere

.2 gnay natapmesek hiarem kutnu nakanugid metsis nagnabmegneP

isasinagro irad naujut idajnem nad gnatad

.3 iskurtsni aynadA - metsis nagnabmekrep ihuragnepmem gnay iskurtsni

nakajibek itrepes - .lld hatniremep nakajibek

natakedneP sesorp nakukalem kutnu nakanugid tapad gnay

sata natakednep ,metsis natakednep halada metsis nagnabmegep - ,nurut

natakedneP .gnabmekreb natakednep ,reludom natakednep - natakednep


21

iagabes nakaruid uata naksalejid tapad sata id naktubesid halet ngnay

:tukireb

.1 metsis natakedneP

utas iagabes isamrofni metsis nakitahrepmem gnay natakedneP

nataigek aumes nagned isargetniret hutu nautasek – id nial nataigek

.naahasurep malad

.2 sata natakedneP - nurut

nagned utiay ,isasinagro sata level irad ialumid gnay natakedneP

ayntujnales hakgnaL .isasinagro nakajibek nad narasas nakisinifednem

ek nurut sesorp naidumeK .isamrofni nahutubek sisilana nakukalem

nautnenep tuptuo , tupni rudesorp ,atad sisab , – po rudesorp nad isare

.lortnok

.3 reludom natakedneP

ludom naigab idajnem timur gnay metsis hacemem nagned natakedneP

.anahredes hibel gnay

.4 gnabmekreb natakedneP

isakilpa kutnu aynah higgnac igolonket nakapurem ini natakedneP –

ni taas adap ajas aynnakulremem gnay isakilpa suret naka nad i

edoirep kutnu nakgnabmekid – nahutubek itukignem ayntukireb edoirep

.ada gnay igolonket nagnabmekrep nad

nagnacnarep nakhutubid ,metsis utaus nataubmep nataigek malaD

gnay utauses alages nad ,taubid naka gnay utauses alages gnatnet

nagnacnar nagneD .tubesret metsis irad lisah idajnem aynitnan


31

naka gnay naujut hara anamek iuhategnem naka atik akam ,tubesret

ik .ujut at

gnay aynukub malad nidumajdaL turunem nagnacnarep isinifeD

ludujreb metsiS niaseD nad sisilanA isamrofnI nataigek utaus halada

ad gnay urab metsis niasednem kutnu naujut ikilimem gnay tap

halasam nakiaseleyem – gnay naahasurep ipadahid gnay halasam

d epi fitanretla nahilimep irad helor .kiabret metsis

idayluM turuneM sesorp halada nagnacnarep )15:1002(

fitanretla malad ek isamrofni iakamep nahutubek nahamejrenep

isamrofni iakamep adapek nakujaid gnay isamrofni metsis nagnacnar

.nakgnabmitrepid kutnu haT :utiay metsis nagnacnarep naanaskalep pa

.a d taubmeM .raseb sirag araces metsis niase

taubid naka naidumek metsis sisilana helo irajalepid halet gnay metsiS

nakanuggnem raseb sirag araces metsis nagnacnar trahcwolf .

trahcwolF tubesret metsis anamiagab nakrabmaggnem naka ini

adapek tubesret metsis nakirebid tapad gnay apa nad ,nalajreb

.ayniakamep

.b metsis isaulave nakukaleM

hakapa nakutnenem kutnu metsis silana nakukalid metsis isaulavE

alet nad naujut nagned iauses halet metsis nahutubek nagned iauses h

ayniakamep


41

.c d taubmeM .icnir araces metsis niase

metsis niased nagnacnar taubid naka isaulaveid halet gnay metsiS

ini margaiD .1 level atad sura margaid nakanuggnem icnir a arces

lad id ada gnay nataigek paites nakrabmaggnem naka araces metsis ma

.icnir hibel

metsis nagnacnarep pahaT idayluM turunem amatu naujut ikilimem

:utiay

.a .metsis iakamep adapek nahutubek ihunemem kutnU

.b gnay nugnab gnacnar nad salej gnay narabmag nakirebmem kutnU

.pakgnel

tubesret naujut iapacnem kutnU surah gnay narasas aparebeb tapadret

:iapacid

.a hadum nad imahapid hadum ,anugreb surah metsis nagnacnareP

.nakanugid

.b .naahasurep amatu naujut gnukudnem tapad surah metsis nagnacnareP

.c gnukudnem tapad kutnu fitkefe nad neisife surah metsis nagnacnareP

lognep naanaskalep nad ,nemejanam naropalep ,iskasnart naha

.nakajibek

nugnab gnacnar nakpaisrepmem tapad surah metsis nagnacnareP

.metsis nenopmok pait kutnu icnir gnay

tsis nailadnegneP gnay isnatnuka me helo nakakumekid M idaylu

)3:3991( halada isnatnuka metsis halada natatac rilumrof isasinagro

nakataynem kutnu apur naikimedes nakisanidrookid gnay naropal nad


51

anug nemejanam helo nakhutubid gnay nagnauek isamrofni

.naahasurep nahalolegnep nakhaubmem

)3:0991( nawdiraB metsis ianegnem aynisinifed nakakumegnem

iagabes isnatnuka ,naklupmugnem gnay isasinagro nenopmok utaus

nakisakinumokgnem nad nakisakifisalkgnem ,halognem ,asilanagnem

kahip adap naveler gnay nasutupek taubmep nad laicnanif isamrofni

rep nretni nad nretske .naahasu nad draoB turunem nakgnadeS

nalupmukes halada isnatnuka metsis )1:1002( fusuY malad doowspoH

kutnu rutaid gnay natalarep nad aisunam itrepes ayad rebmus

adapek nakisakinumokid nad isamrofni idajnem atad habugnem

.nasutupek nalibmagnep magareb gneD isnatnuka metsis naikimed na

malad nemejanam igab gnitnep tagnas gnay tala nakapurem

nataigek nakiladnegnem nad nakanacnerem – isasinagro nataigek

naahasurep – .tubesret naahasurep

.2 nretnI nailadnegneP metsiS

nailadnegnep metsiS nretni idayluM turunem r halada adotem ,anacne

,isasinagro naayakek agajnem kutnu nakisanidrookid gnay naruku nad

isneisife gnorodnem ,isnatnuka atad naladnaek nad naitiletek kecegnem

.nemejanem nakajibek aynihutapid gnorodnem nad

negnep metsiS d ( OSOC nakrasadreb naila fo eettimmoC gnirosnopS

snoitazinagrO nep ikilimem tagnas gnay nenopmok amil ada ) g :utiay hura

.a nailadnegneP nagnukgniL


61

.b okiseR naialineP

.c gneP sativitkA e nailadn

.d isakinumoK nad isamrofnI

.e gnirotinoM

( APCIA turunem naitregnep nakgnadeS deifitreC fo etutitsnI naciremA

cilbuP stnatnuoccA metsis ,naktubeynem idatraH helo bitukid gnay )

nailadnegnep nretni halada nautnetek nad edotem aumes – gnay nautnetek

atrah ignudnilem kutnu naahasurep malad tunaid gnay isanidrookret

atad huaj aparebes nad ,naaitiletek askiremem ,naayakek tapad isnatnuka

aynitaatid gnorodnem nad ahasu isneisife naktakgninem ,ayacrepid

p nakajibek akpatetid halet gnay naahasure .n

.3 naaidesreP naitregneP

nial aratna imonoke ilha helo nakakumekid gnay tapadnep aparebeB

egeS .G leoJ isnatnukA halitsi sumaK :utiay eaJ helo nakhamejretid gnay l

m )052:9991( mihS .K :awhab nakatayne b halada naaidesreP gnara gnay

ukab nahab nupuam lauj pais gnay nagnatid ada uata nanalajrep malad

adap utaus utkaw utnetret gnay )gnarab namirignep uata isubirtsid asam(

surep helo ikilimid .naaha


71

,nerraW ,regnowsiN turuneM nad eveeR nakhamejretid gnay ,sseF

nad tiariS helo :tukireb iagabes nakataynem )952:9991( nawanuG

:nakisakifitnedignem kutnu nakanugid naaidesreP

.a gnay gnagad gnaraB isarepo malad laujid naidumek kutnu napmisid

ep lamron .naahasur

.b iskudorp sesorp malad tapadret gnay nahaB kutnu napmisid gnay uata

naujut .uti

avitka nakapurem ,ajrek ladom irad amatu naigab halada naaidesreP

es adap gnay ( nahaburep imalagnem taas pait )2002 ,omradusotiG .

gnay nahab halada ukab nahab naaidesrep )81:6891( idayluM turuneM

malad haloid gnay ukab nahaB .idaj kudorp largretni naigab kutnebmem

nailebmep ,lakol naailebmep irad helorepid tapad naahasurep tropmi uata

.iridnes nahab nahalognep

sinej nupadA – b sinej irsA nad artupasidA turunem ukab naha

:irad iridret )581:2891(

.a gnusgnal ukab nahaB

gnay idaj gnarab irad naigab nakapurem gnay ukab nahab aumeS

.naklisahid

.b gnusgnal kadit ukab nahaB

,iskudorp sesorp nataigek malad narepreb tuki gnay ukab nahab aumeS

.naklisahid gnay idaj gnarab adap kapmat gnusgnal araces kadit ipatet


81

.4 ukaB nahaB naaidesreP metsiS

akam ,aynmulebes nakiaruid halet gnay naitregnep irad nakrasadreB

tapad sid naklupmi irad naitregnep nagnacnareP metsiS P naaidesre nahaB

ukaB utaus halada nataubmep nad ,naanacnerep ,narabmaggnep sesorp

gnay nautasek utas maladek hasipret gnay nenopmok aparebeb irad asteks

hutu . ikilimem tubesret sesorP tapad gnay atad halognem kutnu isgnuf

nem nakisakifitnedignem nagned iakamep helo naktaafnamid nad rukug

em isamrofni nakropal b gnara d uata nagnaga p id ada gnay naaidesre

.utnetret utkaw utaus adap nanalajrep malad uata nagnat ada nagned idaJ

sesorp nad nakecegnep sesorp nakparahid ukab nahab naaidesrep metsis

ed nakukalid tapad naaidesrep utaus padahret lortnok nagneD .kiab nagn

nimajret tapad tubesret naahasurep malad naaidesrep naikimed

.kiab nagned anaskalret tapad naiakamep rudesorp nad aynnanamaek


91

lebaT .2 lobmiS :1 – trahcwolf lobmis

LOBMIS AMAN ISGNUF

ROTANIMRET

rihka/naalumreP margorp

RILA SIRAG

)ENIL WOLF( margorp narila harA

SESORP

sesorp/nagnutihrep sesorP

atad nahalognep

TUPTUO/TUPNI

ATAD

,atad tuptuo/tupni sesorP

isamrofni ,retemarap

NAGNARETEK

halada naknikgnumeM

nagnaretek nahabmat

NOISICED

nagnidnabreP naataynrep

EGAP NO

ROTCENNOC

naigab gnubuhgneP –

gnay trahcwolf naigab

namalah utas adap adareb

NENAMREP ISRA

kutnu nakanugid ini lobmiS

tapmet nakkujnunem

nemukod nanapmiynep

ARATNEMES PISRA

kutnu nakanugiD

pisra nakrabmaggnem

nenamrep

FFO EGAP

ROTCENNOC

naigab gnubuhgneP –

gnay trahcwolf naigab

namalah adap adareb

adebreb


02

:nagnareteK

agraH narawaneP taruS : HPS nahutubeK naatnimreP taruS : KPS

rabmaG .2 1. naaidesreP metsiS rudesorP mumU narabmaG

ialum

ratfad taubmem gnay naaidesrep

nakhutubid

2

1 ratfad

nahutubek

helo isasirotoidtinu alapek

2

1 ratfaD

nahutubek

1

N

iskudorP tinU

1

1 ratfaD

nahutubek

tarus mirignem naatnimrep narawanep

agrah

HPS

ratfad nahutubek

hilimemkosamap

KPS

ratfad nahutubek

HPS

2

iripmaliD ratfad

nahutubek

2

KPS

ratfad nahutubek

nagnatadnanep nad KPS

ratfad halognemnahutubek

KPS

ratfad nanasep

N

naaidesreP naadagneP naigaB

ek miriKkosamep

rutkaF nailebmep

naaidesreP

3 naigaBnagnaueK


12

rabmaG .2 1 . mumU narabmaG naaidesreP metsiS rudesorP

3

naamireneP naigaB

nad amirenem askiremem

naaidesrep

naailebmeP rutkaFnaaidesreP

naamireneP taruS naaidesreP

4

gnaduG naigaB

4

naailebmeP rutkaFnaaidesreP

naamireneP taruS naaidesreP

napmiyneM irad naaidesrep

kosamep

nakpaiynem gnay naaidesrep

iskudorpid naka

iaseles


22

III BAB

NAITILENEP EDOTEM

.a naitileneP sineJ

naitilenep utiay ,susak iduts halada nakanugid gnay naitilenep sineJ

.natukgnasreb gnay naahasurep malad gnusgnal araces nakukalid gnay laH

nakukalid ini malad nakhutubid gnay isamrofni aumes tapadnem kutnu

.nasilunep gnusgnal araces naktapadid tapad aynranebes gnay narabmaG

ianegnem aynranebes gnay isidnok tahilem kutnu gnusgnal nujret nagned

ep metsis naiakamep nad naadagn nisem natalarep adareb gnay dugid gna

TP malad ZYX .

.b naitileneP utkaW nad tapmeT

:isakoL .TP ZYX

:utkaW lirpA nalub nagned iapmas iraurbeF nalub 2102

.c naitileneP kejbO nad naitileneP kejbuS

.1 naitileneP kejbuS

.a SKP nanipmiP

.b gnaduG naigaB

.c gnarab naamirenep nad naadagnep naigaB

.d naigaB gnarab naraulegnep

.e reppek kcots naigaB


32

.2 naitileneP kejbO

.a natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis rudesorP nisem

.b nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep nataigek sata nemukoD

.d nakulrepid gnay atad sineJ

.1 natamagnep iulalem naktapadid gnay atad sinej utiay ,remirp ataD

metsis utiay naitilenep kejbo adap gnusgnal araces nad naadagnep

nisem natalarep naiakamep .TP naahasurep ZYX naktapadid ini ataD .

padahret gnusgnal natamagnep nupuam aracnawaw nataigek irad

.naahasurep sak naamirenep metsis aynnalajreb

.2 nemukod irad naktapadid gnay atad sinej utiay ,rednukes ataD -

,naahasurep malad id ada gnay sinket rudesorp nad ,naruta ,nemukod

.naahasurep sak naamirenep metsis rutagnem gnay

.e nakulrepid gnay ataD

.1 S naahasurep mumu narabmag/haraje

sesorp utnabmem tapad naahasurep mumu narabmag/harajeS

.mumu araces naahasurep narabmag nakirebmem malad naitilenep

.2 isasinagro rutkurtS

malad naitilenep sesorp utnabmem tapad isasinagro rutkurtS

nahasimep narabmag nakirebmem sesorp nagned tiakret gnanewew

ep nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagn .naahasurep


42

.3 nemukoD

nataigek tiakret nemukoD nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep

.naahasurep iskasnart paites adap tatacret gnay naahasurep

.4 rudesorP

tsis rutagnem gnay rudesorP me natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep

nisem gnay metsis aynnalajreb nailadnegnep rudesorp atres ,naahasurep

.naahasurep nakpatetid

.f ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT

naitilenep malad atad naklupmugnem kutnu nakanugid gnay kinkeT

:utiay ,agit ada ini lasoporp

.1 nakukalid gnay gnusgnal natamagnep kinket utiay isavresbO kinkeT

rebmus iagabes nakulrepid gnay atad naklupmugnem kutnu naujutreb

TP irad naitilenep isamrofni ZYX tahilem kutnu nakukalid isavresbO .

rula gnusgnal araces naiakamep nad naadagnep naaidesrep ep natalar

gnadug id ada gnay nisem nad naahasurep malad id nakukalid gnay

nahab naaidesrep rudesorp malad nakanugid gnay atad helorepmem

TP adap ukab ZYX .

.2 aynat nakukalem utiay aracnawaW kinkeT – isuksid nakukalem ,bawaj

kahip nagned – tnu gnanewreb gnay kahip gnay atad nakirebmem ku

.nakhutubid

.3 padahret gnusgnal natamagnep nakukalem utiay isatnemukoD kinkeT

nemukod – nakukalem atres ,naahasurep malad id ada gnay nemukod


52

metsis narutagnep ianegnem naahasurep nemukod adap natamagnep

atalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep gnadugid ada gnay nisem n itrepes

erudecorp gnitarepo radnats nagab ,naahasurep isasinagro rutkurts ,

metsis naanaskalep rila naiakamep nad naadagnep naaidesrep natalarep

gnadug id ada gnay atad padahret natatacnep nakukalem naidumeK .

.nakhutubid gnay gnay

.g ataD sisilanA kinkeT

nagned halada ini naitilenep malad nakukalid gnay sisilanA

fitpirksed edotem nakanuggnem fitarapmok nad nagned nakukalid gnay

arac atad naksalejnem ,isakifisalkgnem ,atad naklupmugnem nad

gnay metsis rudesorp nagned nalajreb gnay metsis nakgnidnabmem

naahasurep helo ikilimid gnay atad padahret asilana nakukalem naidumeK .

halet gnay metsis padahret urab nagnacnar nakukalem atres helorepid

.naklusuid U urab metsis nalus d ini akparahi n pad naklamitpognem ta

nailadnegnep nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis . sisilanA

:arac nagned nakukalid ini

.1 M nakkococne nad naadagnep metsis ianegnem naahasurep rudesorp

idajret gnay ketkarp nagned naahasurep id nisem natalarep naiakamep .

nakococneP lebat taubmem arac nagned nakukalid ini tsil kcehc kutnu

:ada gnay nenopmok paites

.a isgnuF - naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis malad id ada gnay isgnuf

.naahasurep nisem natalarep


62

.b nemukoD - nemukod nad naadagnep metsis malad id ada gnay

nisem natalarep naiakamep .naahasurep

.c nad naadagnep metsis kutnebmem gnay rudesorp nagniraJ

.naahasurep nisem natalarep naiakamep

.d nad naadagnep metsis malad id ada gnay isnatnuka natataC

.naahasurep nisem natalarep naiakamep

.e isgnuf bawaj gnuggnat nakhasimem gnay isasinagro rutkurtS id lano

nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis malad

.naahasurep

.f naadagnep metsis malad id natatacnep rudesorp nad isasiroto metsiS

.naahasurep nisem natalarep naiakamep nad

.g naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis malad id tahes gnay kitkarP

nisem natalarep .naahasurep

gnay rudesorp nagned iauses kadit gnay metsis naanaskalep aparebeB

nagnarucek gnaulep aynidajret nakbabeynem ,naahasurep helo ikilimid

natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis malad id idajret asib gnay

.naahasurep ikilimid gnay nisem

.2 em kutnU hakanamiagab gnatnet audek gnay halasam nasumur bawajn

naklamitpognem tapad gnay metsis nad nemukod nagnacnar nalusu

adap naahasurep nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis

:arac nagned halada naahasurep


72

.1 tupilem gnay halasam isakifitnedi nakukaleM i hakgnal - :hakgnal

.a .halasam isakifitnedigneM

isakifitnedi nakukalem malad nakukalid gnay lawa hakgnaL

gnay halasam isakifitnedignem nad iracnem halada halasam

natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis malad id idajret

.naahasurep nisem

.b nep isakifitnedigneM .halasam babey

naahasurep adap tapadret gnay halasam nakumenem haleteS

atad padahret nauluhadnep sisilana iulalem - helorepid gnay atad

babeynep padahret isakifitnedi nakukalid naka ,naahasurep irad

naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis adap halasam aynidajret

arep .naahasurep nisem natal

.c .nasutupek kitit isakifitnedigneM

adap halasam aynidajret babeynep nakumenem haleteS metsis

naahasurep nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep . hakgnaL

tapad gnay nasutupek kitit isakifitnedignem halai ayntukireb

kutnu libmaid halet gnay halasam ikiabrepmem

.aynmulebes nakisakifitnediid

.d linosrep isakifitnedigneM - .icnuk linosrep

kitit nakutnenem nad halasam babeynep nakumenem haleteS

icnuk linosrep isakifitnedignem ayntujnales hakgnal ,nasutupek

al kadit nupuam gnusgnal gnay kiab sgn babeynep iagabes gnu

.tubesret halasam


82

.2 M gnacnare metsis itupilem gnay hakgnal - hakgnal :

.a metsis isaulave nakukaleM

hakapa nakutnenem kutnu nakukalid metsis isaulavE nad nemukod

nagned iauses halet nad naujut nagned iauses halet metsis

ayniakamep nahutubek .

.b d taubmeM .raseb sirag araces metsis niase

naktapadid nad aynmulebes irajalepid halet gnay metsiS

urab metsis nagnacnarep nakukalid naka ,aynhalasam

( nemukod rila nagab nakanuggnem trahcwolf kutnu )

metsis malad id nemukod narila mumu araces nakrabmaggnem .

.c d taubmeM .icnir araces metsis niase

nagab nakanuggnem gnacnarid halet gnay metsis nad nemukoD

trahcwolf nad naiausesek iuhategnem kutnu isaulaveid naidumek ,

naka naidumek ,iakamep nahutubek ihunemem naupmamek

ap icniret araces metsis nagnacnar naktaubid nataigek ad - nataigek

.metsis malad id gnitnep gnay


92

VI BAB

NAAHASUREP MUMU NARABMAG

.A naahasureP ayniridreB harajeS

NSD TP gnay naahasurep utas halas halada orgA tinU sinsiB puorG

gnay nanubekreP .tiwaS apaleK nanubekreP gnadibid ahasu kareg ikilimem

haub naklisahgnem upmam aggnihes sesorpid nad haloid ini taas ikilimid

neP .kiab gnay tiwas kaynim nagnudak ikilimem gnay tiwas nahalog

sesorp iapacnem aynitnan aggnih nakukalid ini tiwas apalek nanubekrep

idajnem tubesret tiwas haub nahalognep liO mlaP edurC nad )OPC( mlaP

lenreK .)KP(

arauM id 2002 nuhat adap tiwaS apaleK kirbaP aynnugnabid kajeS

:ikilimeM puorG NSD uahaW

.a TP ZYX ah 058.61 rasebes ikilimid gnay tiwas nahal saul nagned

.nawayrak gnaro 089.1 ikilimem

.b TP NID nagned aH 008.9 ikilimid gnay tiwas nahal saul nagned

.nawyrak gnaro 051.1 ikilimid gnay nawyrak

.c TP NAD aH 059.9 rasebes ikilimid gnay tiwas nahal saul nagned

.nawayrak gnaro 0501 ikilimem

.d TP NSD aH 000.31 rasebes ikilimid gnay tiwas nahal saul nagned

.nawayrak gnaro 098 ikilimem


03

halada hagneT natnamilaK hayaliw id isakolreb gnay nad raliP TP

adasrepanaW ed 087 ikilimem aH 001.51 rasebes ikilimid gnay laera saul nagn

.nawayrak gnaro

rumiT natnamilaK id tiwaS apaleK kirbaP nugnabid ,2002 nuhat adaP

ikilimid gnay nawayrak halmuj nad maj/noT 54 x 2 halo satisapak nagned

02 rasebes iridreb utkaw adap ilak amatrep iskudorP .nawayrak gnaro 0 edurC

liO mlaP iskudorp nad noT 000.99 iapacnem nuhat rep )OPC( lenreK mlaP

,ini kirbaP aynada nagneD .not 000.61 iapacem nuhat rep )KP( ONM TP

nahalognep sesorp kutnu pukuc ngnay satisapak iaynupmem liO mlaP edurC

nad )OPC( mlaP lenreK .lanretni araces iridnes )KP(

.B naahasureP isakoL

.TP ONM natnamilaK isniporP id katelret orgA tinU sinsiB puorG

.TP nakgnadeS .rumiT ZYX gnubagret gnay tiwas naahasurep utas halada

.TP malad ONM id isakol ikilimem gnay orgA tinU sinsiB puorG isniporP

TP sifargoeg araceS .rumiT natnamilaK ZYX nad UL ”52 ’7 °1 id katelret

tiwas kaynim nahalognep sesorp gnukudnem ayapu malaD .TB ”6 ’5 °611

idajnem iskudorp id naka aynitnan gnay liO mlaP edurC nad )OPC( mlaP

lenreK .TP ,)OPC( ZYX k tapme iaynupmem aud malad igabret gnay nube

nubeK inkay hayaliw A nubeK nad )aH 805.3( I A aH 121.5( II katelret gnay )

A haread id hisam tiwas apalek nubek aud naidumeK . nubeK halada ikilimid

B nubeK nad )aH 644.4( I B haread id katelret gnay )aH 577.3( II B.


13

.C ,isiM ,isiV naahasureP habmaT ialiN nad igetartS

.1 .TP isiV ZYX

kiab gnay ahasu ukalep idajnem akgnar malaD 03 – no ynapmoC neerG 03

detnalP seratceH K001 ( htiw ylpmoc ,etar noitcartxe % 03 & ah/BFF not 03

OPSR dna dradnats 00041 OSI )

.2 .TP isiM ZYX

iulalem ratikes nagned nasinomrahek nakatpicneM htworg elbaniatsus

.3 .TP igetartS ZYX

.a isneteR fitkefE nagned isnetepmok nagnabmegneP

.b MQT nakparenem netsisnok kutnu nemtimokreB

.b m nad nugnabmeM .lamitpo araces rutkurtsarfni alolegne

.c imonorgA radnats ihunemeM

.d p nad naitileneP nakladnaid tapad gnay nagnabmegne

.e OPSR nad 10041 OSI ihunemeM

.f takaraysaM naayadrebmeP iulalem RSC

.TP habmaT ialiN .4 ZYX

.a nakajrekid gnay aumes nakukalem kutnu nanuketeK /nahigigeK

.b ek satirgetni nagned ladnaH iggnit ajr

.b nakparahid gnay irad hibel ajrek lisah naiapacneP

.c (.… kutnu asar iaynupmeM erusolC fO esneS )

.d tagnames /itah nagned ajrekeB

.e bawajgnuggnatreB


23

.D ahasU gnadiB

( udapreT tiwaS apaleK irtsudnI natibibmeP – nanubekreP – sesorP

)OKP & OPC nahalogneP . TP ZYX lanoisan atsaws naahasurep nakapurem

namananeP malad sukofret gnay irtsudnI sinsiborgA gnadib id karegreb gnay

udapreT tiwaS apaleK irtsudnI .aynnahalogneP atresreb tiwaS apaleK

.asotnesraniS asrakawS .TP helo nakparetid gnay ahasu ledom nakapurem

K natibibmeP natibibmep sesorp irad ialum halada nakukalid gnay nataige

halaS .nakanugid pais nahal haletes nakukalid gnay amatu nataigek idajnem

amas ajrek nilajnem nad nahal naktapadnem kutnu nakukalid gnay ahasu utas

ggnem nagned halada takaraysam nagned nakanu naayadrebmep natakednep

( RSC nemetrapeD iulalem takaraysam ytilibisnopseR laicoS etaroproC .)

gnay nautnetek nagned naahasurep nagned amasajrek nakukalem takaraysaM

nakiausesid gnay naahasurep irad nakajibek nakrasadreb itakapesid halet

ukgnil nagned tapad takaraysam helo ikilimid gnay nahaL .aynratikesid nagn

igab nagnutnuek nakirebmem tapad gnay tiwas nahal iagabes naktaafnamid

.ukalreb halet gnay naijnajrep nautnetek nagned iauses kahip haleb audek


33

.E isasinagrO rutkurtS

rutkurtS isasinagro akgnarek nakkujnunem kutnu nakanugid nad

nadujuwrep nanusus isgnuf aratnaid nagnubuh patet alop - naigab ,isgnuf -

sagut ,nakududek nakkujnunem gnay gnaro nupuam ,isisop nad naigab

.isasinagro utaus malad adebreb gnay bawaj gnuggnat nad gnanewew

kutnu nakujutid naahasurep malad isasinagro rutkurts nanusuyneP

nataigek aumes malad kiab gnay isasinagro nad isanidrook nakatpicnem

nimajnem gnaruk naahasurep ikilimid gnay isasinagro rutkurtS .naahasurep

gnuggnat nahasimep nad nretni nailadnegnep aynada araces lanoisgnuf bawaj

.salej nad saget

.TP isasinagrO rutkurtS .1.4 rabmaG mumU araceS ZYX

.

LLIM LIO MLAP DAEH

TCEJORP REENIGNE TSSA . TCEJORP

TSSA . HCTAPSED & TNEMPIUQE

TSSA . SGP

TSSA . ESHQ

DAEH LLIM ISKUDORP PEKSA TSSA . ISKUDORP ENIL 1

TSSA . ISKUDORP ENIL 2

PEKSA ECNANETNIAM TSSA . CIRTCELE

TSSA . A ECNANETNIAM

TSSA . B ECNANETNIAM

TSSA . MUIROTAROBAL

TSSA . ESUOHERAW


43

gnisam gnanewew nad saguT - :tukireb iagabes alada naigab gnisam

.A daeH lliM liO noitatnalP

.a ialum lortnok nad lanoisarepo nataigek sata bawaj gnuggnatreB

nad ,tiwas apalek kirbap id sesorp ,naalolegnep ,naanacnerep

tiwas apalek kirbap nagnauek /isartsinimda

.b tasuP rotnaK ek nanalub naropal nataubmep sata bawaj gnuggnatreB

atrakaJ

.c nakukaleM weiver nakukalid gnay ajrek lisah padahret nanalub

.d lortnoc nakukaleM padahret ayaib naiakamep asilana nad tegdub

.e itupilem ,nahawab padahret naanibmep nad gnirotinom nakukaleM

ajrek metsis nad pihsredael nial aratna

.f ( nanuhaT ajreK anacneR taubmeM nalP launnA kirbaP )

.B daeH lliM

: lanoisarepO

.a nagned isanidrooK /daeH noitatnalP reganaM etatsE : lah malad

- halo SBT anacner ataD

- nanurunep nad SBT natser ada akij amaturet ,SBT satilauK

tuphguorht

.b nagned isanidrooK daeH .tpeD laicremmoC : lah malad

- kcotS iskudorP

- nalaujneP /namirigneP

.c nagned isanidrooK daeH .tpeD citsigoL : lah malad

- gnidnatstuO BPS


53

- naadagneP traperaps nad trap elbamusnoc

.d asilanagneM lacirotsih yrenihcam anacner taubmem nad atad

ecnanetniam evitneverp isakifidom atres , tnempiuqe

.e : nagned naktiakid gnay kirbap lanoisarepo naanaskalep lortnogneM

- ajreK iskurtsnI /rudesorP

- nagnukgnil nahisrebeK

- ajrek natamaleseK

: isartsinimdA

.a nagned iauses kirbap isartsinimda hurules nakaraggneleyneM

naahasurep id ukalreb gnay rudesorp

.b naigab ,netsisa arap nagned naumetrep iridahgnem nad nakadagneM

,isartsinimda ESHQ naigab nad

.c nawayrak kutnu gniniart margorp nakanaskaleM eeniart nad

aynisaulave

.d anajeB iskepsnI naanaskalep kutnu rekansiD ignubuhgneM

aynlanoisarepo niji helorepmem nad nanaketreB

.e ,aimik nahab ,MBB naanuggnep ,lanoisarepo ayaib lortnogneM

rak rubmel naway

.f nakukaleM weiver nakukalid gnay ajrek lisah padahret nanalub

.C reenignE tcejorP

.a irad BAR nad naanacnerep taubmeM tcejorp naka gnay

nakanaskalid


63

.b isanidrookreb nad rotkartnok naialinep atres iskeles nakanaskaleM

MOP nagned daeH naka gnay rotkartnok nakpatenem kutnu

tcejorp nakajregnem

.c AWS helo KPS naktaubid kutnu KPS fard nad naujagnep taubmeM

atrakaJ

.d araces aynnakropalem nad tcejorp naajrekep naanaskalep rotinomeM

iapacid halet gnay naajrekep ssergorp padahret alakreb

.e akukaleM naajrekep n - nakiabrep uata nanugnabmep kiab naajrekep

kirbap id ulrep paggnaid gnay

.D iskudorP peksA

: lanoisarepO

.a halo SBT nad amiret SBT iskudorp nairah anacner taubmeM

.b kadninem nad lortnogneM - helo nakraulekid gnay naropal itujnal

muirotarobaL

.c nakitsameM kiab nagned isgnufreb tapad noitats tinu aumes

.d naigab nagned isanidrooK ecnanetniam gnay noitats tinu ada akij

kiab nagned isgnufreb kadit

.e nagned iauses ajrekeb noitats tinu rotarepo aumes nakitsameM

ajrek iskurtsni /rudesorp

: isartsinimdA

.a gnep lortnogneM ajrek aganet naanug

.b iskudorp nawayrak rubmel lortnogneM


73

.c nahab naanuggnep lortnogneM - sesorp utnabmep nahab

)elbamusnoc(

.d lenreK nad OPC iskudorp naropal nagnutihrep taubmeM

.e naropal taubmeM hctapsed nad kcots lenreK nad OPC

.E peksA ecnanetniaM

: lanoisarepO

.a nahalognep nuisats aumes id naajrekep aynanaskalret nakitsameM

.b aynisatnemelpmi nad nakulrepid gnay isakifidom naklusugneM

.c napaisek lawdaj ianegnem iskudorp naigab nagned isanidrooK

natalarep /nisem isidnok nad ikiabrepid naka gnay natalaraep /nisem

haletes ikiabrepid

.d naisignep lortnogneM draC yrenihsaM yrotsiH

.e naanaskalep lortnogneM ecnanetniam evitneverp

:isartsinimdA

.a nagned iauses kirbap isartsinimda hurules nakaraggneleyneM

naahasurep id ukalreb gnay erudesorp

.b p asilana ,isartsinimda lortnok nakanaskaleM ayaib naiakame

tegdub padahret

.c gnay ,nanuhat nad nanalub ajrek anacner isalutipaker nusuyneM

nad anaras ,lairetam nad tala ,ajrek aganet nahutubek : itupilem

anarasarp

.d nad ,ayaib naiakamep ,iskudorp ianegnem nanalub naropal taubmeM

rewop nam


83

.e reb askiremeM aynnial iskasnart nad ,nawayrak hapu ratfad ,araca ati

.f ( nanuhat ajrek anacner taubmeM nalP launnA amasreb kirbaP ) lliM

daeH

.F netsisA tcejorP

.a irad BAR nad naanacnerep taubmeM tcejorp naka gnay

nakanaskalid

.b isanidrookreb nad rotkartnok naialinep atres iskeles nakanaskaleM

MOP nagned daeH naka gnay rotkartnok nakpatenem kutnu

tcejorp nakajregnem

.c AWS helo KPS naktaubid kutnu KPS fard nad naujagnep taubmeM

atrakaJ

.d alem nad tcejorp naajrekep naanaskalep rotinomeM araces aynnakrop

iapacid halet gnay naajrekep ssergorp padahret alakreb

.e naajrekep nakukaleM - iabrep uata nanugnabmep kiab naajrekep nak

.nakukalid ulrep paggnaid gnay

.G netsisA hctapseD nad tnempiuqE

: lanoisarepO

.a gnuggnatreB sesorp padahret bawaj gnidnuos em : rukugn

emulov/level hctapsed mulebes nad igap paites iknat id kaynim

ilabmek nakanaskalid

.b isawagnem nad lortnogneM emulov /level itawelem kadit raga iknat

)sata irad gnir 4/1( satab


93

.c iknat ek apmopret tuki kadit raga ada gnay napadne lortnogneM

kaynim

.d nakukalem nad lortnogneM gnihsulf irad kaynim asis libmagnem(

)apip

.e gnirotinoM nagnapal id rotarepO nad rodnaM nataigek

.f kaynim namirignep malad rotkartnok nagned isanidrook nakukaleM

: nagnapal id

.1 gnirotinoM T irad )hctapseD( OPC namirignep - /nanabaL ek 01

pirT halmuJ ,nakanugid gnay tinU halmuJ ,tinU edoK : orolB

.2 gnirotinoM OPC namirignep latot ,lapak halmuJ : lapak

: isartsinimdA

.a amales nakukalid halet gnay nataigek paites naropal taubmeM

nataigek hctapsed b gnusgnalre

.b )UPL( tinu naanuggnep naropal naklupmugneM

.c M taubme gnirotinom ,maJ ,MH( tinU naiakameP aracA atireB nad

)MBB nad

.d iagnuS /taraD aiv OPC namirigneP aracA atireB taubmeM

.e nanalub ayaib naropal taubmeM hctapseD tinU naiakameP nad

.f gorP naropaL taubmeM keyorP ajreK mar

.H SGP netsisA

: lanoisarepO

.a : ailanosreP gnadiB

.1 urker sesorp nakanaskaleM i nemt


04

.2 ,ketsosmaJ ,KTPS ,KJPS inagnanem malad bawaj gnuggnatreB

ajrek naakalecek isnarusa nad mialk

.3 nilpisid nad naanibmep naanaskalep adap bawaj gnuggnatreB

nawayrak

.4 nanapmiynep malad bawaj gnuggnatreB elif - elif ,nawayrak atad

naramal nad ,hazaji

.5 ,ituc ,tikas ,tubmel tarus naadagnep malad bawaj gnuggnatreB

nawayrak atok raul ek sanid nad

.b : AG gnadiB

.1 tesa inagnaneM - ,halmuj ,isisop ianegnem naahasurep tesa

,naromonep ,TH ,retupmok :itrepes ,aynkatel atat nad ,anuggnep

nopelet

.2 nawayrak KNTS nagnajnaprep rotinomeM

.3 ,rupad ,nahamurep ,rotnak nahisrebek rotinomeM ssem nad

kinilkilop

.4 gnarab padahret bawaj gnuggnatreB - gnadug id ada gnay gnarab

.5 upmejnep malad bawaj gnuggnatreB nad nanayalep ,nat

umat naamirenep

.c : gnaduG gnadiB

.1 kots nagned natiakreb gnay naajrekep naalolegnep nakukaleM

etis nahutubek gnarab


14

.2 ,katel atat metsis kiab nagned aynanaskalret nimajneM

naaidesretek kcots naraulegnep nad naamirenep isartsinimda ,

ses gnarab ukalreb gnay nautnetek nagned iau

.3 ynep ,naamirenep naanaskalep rutagneM i nad nanapm

gnarab naraulegnep - gnadug id gnarab

: isartsinimdA

.a : ailanosreP gnadiB

- ada gnay rewop nam halmuj naropal taubmeM

- nawayrak halmuj ianegnem naropal taubmeM ni - tuo

- sanid ,rubmel ,ituc ,tikas gnaro atad ianegnem naropal taubmeM

atok raul ek

- .renilpisidni gnay nawayrak halmuj ianegnem naropal taubmeM

- ketsosmaJ ianegnem naropal taubmeM

.b : AG gnadiB

- nopelet ,TH :isakinumok anaras ianegnem naropal taubmeM

- naropal taubmeM tala ,rotom ,libom :isatropsnart anaras ianegnem

,kurt( tareb redool )

- ,CA :gnukudnep anaras ianegnem naropal taubmeM retaW

tnemtaert ria ,kirtsil anaras ,

.c : gnaduG gnadiB

- naropalep metsis kiab nagned nakanaskaleM kcots gnadug

lamiskam( - .lairetam naiakamep nad )laminim


24

- napakgnelek :napakgnelrep anaras ianegnem naropal taubmeM

nawayrak ajrek napakgnelek nad UKS ajrek

.I ESHQ netsisA

utnabmeM daeH lliM nakajibek /margorp nakisasilaisosnem malad

awayrak hurules ek naahasurep nemejanaM metsiS naparenep tiakret n

ESHQ

.1 nad utum nagned tiakret gnay rudesorp naanaskalep lortnogneM

nagnukgnil

.2 nemejeneM metsiS naparenep lanoisarepo nataigek nakitsameM

iauses ajrek natamalesek nad nataheseK atres nagnukgniL ,utuM

etsys tradnats nagned nemejanam helo nakpatetid gnay OSI m

.3 nad ESHQ namodeP naarahilemep padahret isawagneM

nakparet gnay metsis isatnemukod

.4 j nagned iauses lanretni tidua nakanaskaleM nakpatetid gnay lawda

helo evitatneserpeR tnemeganaM nad lamitpo araces )RM(

tkefeek uajninem nafi

.5 nahagecnep nad iskerok nakadnit isawagneM

.6 nataheseK atres nagnukgniL ,utum metsis ajrek kujnu uatnameM

daeH MOP adapek aynakropalem nad ajrek natamalesek nad


34

.J iskudorP netsisA

: lanoisarepO

.a nahalognep lanoisarepo nataigek padahret bawaj gnuggnatreB nad

: itupilem gnay ,nuisats paites nasawagnep

- nuisatS pmaR gnidaoL

- nasubereP

- relppiT

- nisserP g

- nalP lenreK

- relioB

- mooR enignE

- tnemtaerT retaW

- egarotS

.b paites nasawagnep lanoisarepo nataigek padahret bawaj gnuggnatreB

nuisats

: isartsinimdA

.a nakajibek nagned iauses lanoisarepo nataigek anacner nusuyneM

helo nakpatetid gnay daeH lliM : itupilem ,

- iskudorP naanacnereP

- iskudorp kadit taas nuisats pait id nahisrebmeP

.b adapek nisem nakasurek idajret akij naropal taubmeM daeH lliM


44

.K netsisA cirtcelE

: lanoisarepO

.a ada gnay kirtsil nad nisem nalortnognep padahret bawaj gnuggnatreB

SKP id

.b nakadnit nakukaleM ecnanetniam evitneverp nisem padahret - nisem

irah paites iskudorp

.c nad ,nanalub ,nauggnim )isavresbo( natamagnep nakadnit nakukaleM

padahret nanuhat nisem - SKP id ada gnay iskudorp nisem

.d kasur gnay kirtsil nad nisem nakiabrep nad natawarep nakukaleM

.e taubmem nad atoggna nagned ecnanetniam nakukalem nad rutagneM

bawaj gnuggnat nad sagut naigabmep atres ajrek anacner

: isartsinimdA

.a naatnimreP taruS taubmeM nataigek anug gnarab )PPS( nailebmeP

nakiabrep nad natawarep

.b nakukalid hadus gnay nakiabrep nataigek naropal taubmeM

.L ecnanetniaM netsisA

: lanoisarepO

.a naajrekep nakukalem gnay raul rotkartnok isawagneM rojam

krow latipac /ecnanetniam


54

.M netsisA muirotarobaL

: lanoisarepO

.a sesorp amales lanoisarepo utum nasawagnep nakanaskaleM

: itupilem ,iskudorp

- lenreK nad OPC utum adap nasawagneP

- ria radaK

- AFF

- narotoK radaK

.b malad nakanugid gnay ukab nahab utum nasawagnep nakanaskaleM

sesorp

.c sawagnep nakanaskaleM ajrek iapacnem kutnu kirbap habmil na

nakparahid gnay nagned iauses lamitpo

.d naumet nakropaleM - nanurunep naktabikagnem tapad gnay naumet

/iskudorP netsisA adapek iskudorp lisah nad iskudorp nahab utum

reganaM lliM

.e tala nahisrebek lortnogneM - nukgnil nad tala muirotarobal nag

.f gnay lawdaj nagned iauses raga isarbilak naanaskalep lortnogneM

nakpatetid halet

: isartsinimdA

.a nad nairah iskudorp lisah lisah asilana isartsinimda naropal taubmeM

netsisA roineS adapek nakiapmasid kutnu nanalub reganaM lliM nad

lliM reganaM


64

netsisAesuoheraW

inareKkitsigoL

kcotSrepeeK

naraulegneP naigaBgnaraB

resU

.b raga muirotarobal id linosrep anibmem nad ajrek lisah isawagneM

natutnut nagned iauses nalipmaretek nad nauhategnep ikilimem

naajrekep .

.N netsisA esuoheraW

.a aggnat hamur /mumu nataigek uatnamem nad rinidrookgneM

naahasurep

.b naarahilemep nakanaskaleM lairetam war lairetam nad

.c tapmet atanem nad nakpaiyneM lairetam war lairetam nad

.d gnay natalarep nad nad ajrek anaras arahilemem nad nakpaiyneM

nakulrepid

.e gnarab taum rakgnob naanaskalep rinidrookgneM

.f naredrognep isanidrooK lairetamni waR irad lairetam & kahip resu

adniramaS nad atrakaJ kitsigol ek

gnadug naigab helo ikilimid gnay isasinagro rutkurts kutnu nakgnadeS

:tukireb iagabes halada

2.4 rabmaG .TP isasinagrO rutkurtS . gnaduG naigaB adap ZYX


74

atrakaJ kahip helo gnaraB nailebmePtasuP rotnaK

gnaduG helo gnaraB amireT hareS

naujut ek gnaraB namirignePresU/gnaduG

etiS TIG helo gnaraB amireT hareS

etis TIG naujut ek gnaraB namirigneP

helo reilppuS irad gnaraB naamireneP gnabaC rotnaK TIG kahip

gnaduG id gnaraB naraulegneP

V BAB

NAGNACNAREP NAD NASAHABMEP ,ATAD SISILANA METSIS

NAIAKAMEP NAD NAADAGNEP GNADUG ID NISEM NATALAREP

.A kseD niseM natalareP naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS ispir id

gnaduG TP .rumiT natnamilaK ZYX

.1 .nakukalid gnay kokop nataigek nakispirksedneM

1.5 rabmaG tsiS amekS : naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS naanaskaleP me raseB siraG araceS .


84

naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS amekS ,1.5 rabmag nakrasadreB

niseM natalareP id tapadret gnay TP ZYX helorepid nataigek irad

ini lah malad ,gnarab naadagnep sesorp nagned tubesid gnay naahasurep

tapad gnay uata nisem natalarep halada gnarab nagned duskamid gnay

.nisem gnadac ukus nagned aguj tubesid naadagnep sesorP gnay natalarep

nisem igab gnadac ukus idajnem aynitnan – kutnu isgnufreb gnay nisem

nad OPC idajnem tiwas apalek haub halognem lenreK mlaP nakhutubmem

.gnajnap pukuc gnay sesorp

TP helo ikilimid gnay nisem natalarep naaidesrep naadagnep sesorP

ukalid ZYX imes araces nak - gnay metsis ini lah malaD .isasiretupmokret

nalajreb gnukudnem upmam gnay margorp nakanuggnem hadus nalajreb

id gnay naaidesrep metsis - llatsni sesorp raseb sirag araceS .ZYX TP id

tubesret gnarab naadagnep resu ad tupnignem nakhutubmem gnay taruS at

gnay kitsigol ludom margorp ek )BPPS( gnaraB nailebmeP naatnimreP

naidumek resu id halet gnay atad nalibmagnep sesorp nakukalem - tupni - nak

ek mirikid naidumek ,libmaid halet gnay ataD .tubesret margorp malad

tisnarT ni ssorG iulalem adniramaS )TIG( naidumek ,adniramaS TIG .liame

hudnugnem naidumek margorp malad ek atad nakkusamem nad amirenem

iulalem mirikid naka aynitnan gnay tubesret liame kitsigoL kahip adapek

.atrakaJ

nagned ipakgnelid muleb tubesret gnarab BPPS nemukod malaD

narab isakifiseps nial nad halmuj ,ires ,epit ,nahab ,atnimid gnay g - nial

naknigniid gnay naaidesrep naadagnep sesorp nakukalem malad aggnihes


94

nakukalid ,nalajreb gnay sesorp malaD .racnal nagned nalajreb tapad muleb

naaskiremep )ayaiB naraulegneP nanohomreP( BPP satidilav gnay

isadilav sesorp haleteS .BPP nagned BPPS naiauseynep ada naidumek

halak kadit gnay lah reilppus nahilimep sesorp ,nakukalid iaseles tubesret

/naaidesretek nagned tiakret anerak gnitnep kcots id gnarab reilppus ,agrah ,

ep utkaw ,narayabmrep utkaw akgnaj haletes nanimaj nad namirign

nahilimep sesorP .nailebmep reilppus reilppus aud laminim nakrasadid

kadit nakpatetid halet aynisakifiseps gnay gnarab nailaucegnep nagned

helo ihunepid tapad reilppus gnay gnarab anerak naidumek ,utnetret

epid halet nakhutubid aynada anerak atres laggnut nega/rotubirtsid helo gnag

gnarab ecivres malad id ada gnay isamrofni naidumeK .isakirbap uata

o esahcrup redr utkaw nad isasiroto aynada atres salej nad pakgnel surah

.salej gnay namirignep

helo nasepid gnay gnaraB resu ek mirik id gnusgnal tapad gnadakret

anamid rotnak resu gnay naaidesrep naka naatnimrep nakukalem gnay

rotnak ek mirikid gnadakret aguj nasepid gnay gnarab numan ,nakhutubid

gnay TIG ek nakusamid naka aynitnan gnay atrakaJ id isakolreb gnay tasup

ikilimid TIG id amiretid nasepid gnay gnarab haleteS .tasup rotak helo

nad gnarab isakifiseps itupilem gnay nakecegnep nakukalid ,tasup rotnak

gnay isakol ,nakecegnep sesorp malad iaseles aumes haleteS .gnarab emulov

aropaL( BPL naktibrenem gnarab amirenep idajnem )gnaraB naamireneP n

)gnaraB namirigneP taruS( BPS naktibrenem uata nohomep iagabes alibapa

tubesret gnarab naidumeK .naujut isakol ek gnarab mirignep iagabes


05

ek nakmirikid resu nad aradu ,tarad isidepske ulalem gnarab nasemem gnay

pakgnelid halet gnay ria kutnU .isidepske itkub/nalaj tarus nagned i

:kutnu isidepskE itkuB naktaubid isidepske iulalem namirignep nakukalem

.1 labolg araces gnarab aman nad BPS romon nakmutnacneM

.2 gnarab amiret hares itkub iagabeS

.3 isidepske narayabmep kutnu naripmal iagabeS

is gnaraB gnarab namirignep aumes nad isidepske iulalem nakmirikid pa

id rihka naujut nagned etis TIG iulalem surah etis halet gnay gnaraB .

TIG ek nakmirikid etis utkaw gnaggnet ikilimem nakhutubmem gnay

helo gnarab nalibmagnep resu TIG id etis haletes irah )agit( 3 halada

helo amiretid tubesret gnarab naka isamrofni resu utkaw irad hibel akiJ .

iagabes naropal naktaubid naka ini lah sata akam ,nakutnetid halet gnay

id nakhadnipid nad libmaid halet gnay gnaraB .nagnapmiynep nakadnit

idumek gnadug gnarab naaidesrep natatacnep metsis malad tatacid na

tapad aynnaiakamep nad kusam sura aynitnan gnay nisem natalarep

kutnu upmam nakarahid nad aynnahutubek iauses aynnaiakamep iuhatekid

.ada gnay iskudorp nataigek alages gnajnunem

.2 f nakispirksedneM isgnu -f gnay isgnu tiakret

.a isgnuF daeH eettimmoC MOP/noitatnalP/tpeD/niogeR

isgnuF daeH eettimmoC MOP/noitatnalP/tpeD/niogeR

gnajnunem kutnu nakkhutubid gnay gnarab naatnimrep nakujagnem

,ini naatnimrep naujagnep malaD .nakukalid gnay iskudorp nataigek


15

nuF isgnuf isg MOP/noitatnalP/tpeD/niogeR daeH eettimmoC

gnatnet isireb gnay gnaraB nailebmeP naatnimreP taruS taubmem

taruS .tubesret nakhutubid gnay gnarab naka isamrofni alages

isgnuF ek nakharesid gnaraB nailebmeP naatnimreP tpeD citsigoL

daeH atreseb ypoc homreP nailebmep kutnu ayaiB naraulegneP nano

narulegneP nanohomreP nemukod aynada naktaraysnem gnay gnarab

amiret adnat nad ayaiB

.b isgnuF daeH .tpeD citsigoL

isgnuF daeH tpeD kitsioL kutnu nananarep iaynupmem

tiakreb gnay kecegnem nad naaskiremep alages nakulalem nagned na

gnay nataigek nakukalem atres isadilav askiremem nad napakgnelek

nagned natiakreb reilppus natiakreb gnay nataigek kutneb alageS .

,naaidesrep gnarab naadagnep kutnu iakapid gnay nemukod nagned

isgnuf daeH .tpeD citsigoL dapek isamrofni nakirebmem nohomep a

nagned nohomep kahip helo taubid gnay nemukod aratna naiausesek

isamrofni nakirebmem aguj uti nialeS .nakujaid gnay ayaib naragna

nagned tiakret gnay lah lah ianegnem reilppus idajnem naka gnay

utubid gnay naaidesrep naadagnep malad ajrek rentrap helo nakh

.naahasurep

isgnuf ,gnarab naamirenep lah malad numaN daeH .tpeD citsigoL

irad gnarab naamirenep nakukalem reilppus ,amiretid gnarab haleteS .

isgnuf daeH .tpeD citsigoL padahret nakecnegnep nakukalem

nemukod redrO esahcruP nad nasepid halet gnay gnarab padahret


25

naaidesrep gnarab ,nakukalid iaseles aumes haleteS .mirikid

kutnu gnabaC rotnaK TIG iulalem naujut resu ek nakmirikid resu

/gnabac etis kutnu nakgnades , resu isgnuf atrakaJ daeH .tpeD citsigoL

m nad libmagnem gnusgnal gnay gnarab amiret hares nakukale

isgnuf naidumeK .gnaraB naamireneP naropaL taubmem naidumek

daeH .tpeD citsigoL kadinem aguj - gnay gnarab ruter itujnal

kaditek kutneb iagabes ,nakmirikid - gnay gnarab naka naiauses

.nasepid

.c gnabaC rotnaK TIG netsisA isgnuF

halada raseb sirag araces gnabaC rotnaK TIG netsisA isgnuF

gnay gnarab gnay kiab resu helo nasepid gnay gnarab mirik amirenem

irad gnusgnal gnatad gnay gnarab nupuam atrakaJ irad lasareb

id abit atrakaJ irad gnatad gnay naaidesrep gnarab akiteK .reilppus

nakukalem gnabaC rotnaK TIG netsisA isgnuf ,gnabac rotnak TIG

kisif nagned gnatad gnay gnarab padahret nemukod nakecegnep

nad gnarab naujut askiremem naidumeK .ada gnay gnarab

naujutek gnarab nakmirignem etis .gnabac rotnak uata

irad gnatad gnarab akiteK s reilppu rotnaK TIG netsisA isgnuf ,

isgnuf adapek isamrofni nakirebmem gnabaC daeH .tpeD citsigoL

nemukod nakecegnep nakulalem nad gnarab nagnatadek ianegnem

halasam tapadret akij aggnihes ,gnarab niausesek kecegnem nad

k nakilabmek id gnusgnal tapad gnarab adape reilppus .


35

.d TIG netsisA isgnuF etiS

TIG netsisA isgnuF etiS amirenem halada raseb sirag araces

helo nasepid gnay gnarab mirik resu lasareb gnay gnarab gnay kiab

irad gnabac rotnak irad gnusgnal gnatad gnay gnarab nupuam

reilppus esrep gnarab akiteK . irad gnatad gnay naaid gnabac rotnak

TIG id abit etiS etiS TIG netsisA isgnuf , nakecegnep nakukalem

.ada gnay gnarab kisif nagned gnatad gnay gnarab padahret nemukod

nad gnarab naujut askiremem naidumeK gnarab nakmirignem

nohomep naujutek uata TIG etiS .

eK irad gnatad gnarab akit reilppus TIG netsisA isgnuf , etiS

isgnuf adapek isamrofni nakirebmem daeH .tpeD citsigoL ianegnem

nad nemukod nakecegnep nakulalem nad gnarab nagnatadek

gnarab halasam tapadret akij aggnihes ,gnarab niausesek kecegnem

gnusgnal tapad adapek nakilabmek id reilppus .

.e isgnuF esuoheraW netsisA SGP netsisA/

isgnuF esuoheraW netsisA irad gnarab amirenem SGP netsisA/

gnay nemukod nagned iauses gnarab naadaek askiremem nad TIG

ek naktupnignem nad tubesret nemukod nakhasegneM .nakripmalid

i margorp - kaditek idajret akiteK .poC/tuM - nemukod aratna naiausesek

isgnuf ,gnarab nagned aW netsisA esuoher nakirebmem SGP netsisA/

adapek isamrofni daeH .tpeD citsigoL araca atireb taubmem nad

ilabmek mirignem naidumek nad gnarab nailabmegnep ianegnem

.tubesret gnarab


45

.f isgnuF resU

isgnuF resU nakhutubmem akitek nad gnarab iakamem halada

,gnarab resu egnem .naaidesrep gnadug id gnarab nahutubek kec

akam ,gnadug id ada nakhutubid gnay gnarab akiteK resu taubmem

gnarab niraulegnem kutnu gnaraB naraulegneP naatnimreP taruS

,aidesret kadit gnadug id nakhutubid gnay gnarab akiteK .tubesret resu

naatnimreP taubmem .ukalreb gnay POS nagned iauses nailebmeP

.g isgnuF daeH noitartsinimdA etiS

id halet gnay gnaraB naraulegneP naatnimreP taruS amireneM

kutneb kutnu aynnakpisragnem atres napmiynem gnay retsiger

uggnatrep - .gnarab naiakamep nabawaj

.h isgnuF eH etatsE/daeH lliM da

: lanoisarepO

.f nagned isanidrooK daeH .tpeD citsigoL : lah malad

- gnidnatstuO BPS

- naadagneP traperaps nad trap elbamusnoc

.3 d nakispirksedneM nemuko - gnay nemukod nakanugid

.a gnaraB nailebmeP naatnimreP taruS

ratnagnep iagabes nakanugid gnay nemukoD resu akitek

id aidesret kadit nakhutubid gnay gnarab nad gnarab nakhutubmem

malad nakulrepid tagnas ini nemukod ,naikimed nagneD .gnadug


55

naadagnep akgnar malad natalarep naaidesrep metsis sesorp

.naaidesrep

.b ayaiB naraulegneP nanohomreP

gneP nanohomreP nemukoD kutnu nakanugid ayaiB naraule

aumes iayaibmem kutnu nakanugid aynitnan gnay ayaib nakriacnem

numaN .nakhutubmem gnay kahip helo ilebid naka gnay nahutubek

nailebmeP naatnimreP taruS nagned aynnatiak tare ini nemukod

cegnep nakukalid ulales surah nad gnaraB naiausesek raga nake

gnuggnatrepid tapad aynaudek aratnaid - .nakbawaj

.c ratfaD reilppuS

ratfad nemukoD reilppus nalibmagnep kutnu nakanugid

helo nakhutubid gnay naaidesrep naadagnep akgnar malad nasutupek

nemukod maladid anerak gnitnep ini nemukoD .naahasurep ini

nad reilppus atad nagned tiakret isamrofni ilakes kaynab tapadret

arac irad ialum naahasurep helo nakhutubid gnay kuleb kules alages

nial nad namirignep utkaw gnaggnat ,nanimaj ,narayabmep - .nial

.d agraH narawaneP mroF

kukalem kutnu nakanugid ini nemukoD agrah isaisogen na

nagned naahasurep helo ilebid naka gnay gnarab sinej ianegnem

reilppus gnarab kosamep iagabes naahasurep helo kujnutid halet gnay

.nakhutubid gnay


65

.e redrO esahcruP

gnay nailebmep aumes makerem kutnu nakanugid ini nemukoD

aumes nakisireb ini nemukod malaD .naahasurep helo nakukalid

helo nakulrepid gnay nahutubek alages naksalejnem gnay isamrofni

aman aguj nad liatednem araces naahasurep reilppus aynitnan gnay

mem naka .nakhutubid gnay gnarab naka nakosap nakireb

.f nalaJ taruS

akgnar malad nakhutubid gnay nemukod halada ini nalaj taruS

.tubesret gnarab helo ujutid gnay naujut ek gnarab nakratnagnem

awhab has gnay itkub iagabes kutnu nakanugid aguj ini nemukoD

gnay gnarab naatnimrep sata nakmirikid lagel araces ini nakmirikid

resu .tubesret naaidesrep nakulremem gnay nohomep/

.g gnaraB ratnagneP taruS

takelem gnay has nemukod nakapurem gnarab ratnagnep taruS

idajnem ini nemukoD .naujut ek nakmirikid gnay gnarab naka

b satitnedi igab lagel itkub idajnem nad nakmirikid gnay gnarab iga

.gnarab amirenep nad gnarab mirignep

.h isidepskE itkuB

akij gnarab namirignep iatreynem kutnu nakanugid ini nemukoD

irad nautnetek tapadret ini nemukod malaD .isidepske ulalem

p nakanugid gnay isidepske .gnarab namirignep nakukalem taas ada


75

.i gnaraB naamireneP naropaL

aumes akerem kutnu nakanugid gnaraB naamireneP naropaL

sata bawaj gnuggnatreb gnay kahip helo amiretid halet gnay gnarab

tala iagabes isgnufreb ini nemukod ,uti nialeS .tubesret naamirenep

gnuggnatrep - itkub iagabes SKP nemejanaM kahip ek nabawaj

.nakukalid halet gnay iskudorp

.j gnaraB nagnatadeK isamrofnI

nakirebmem kutnu nakanugid gnarab nagnatadek isamrofnI

kahip adapek isamrifnok daeH .tpeD citsigoL gnay gnarab awhab ,

d gnatad hadus mirikid isamrifnok nakukalid atres amiretid na

.tubesret gnarab kisif naadaek nad nemukod aratna naiausesek

.k gnaraB nailabmegneP aracA atireB

nakirebmem kutnu nakanugid gnaraB nailabmegneP aracA atireB

adapek amiretid halet gnay gnarab nailabmegnep sata isamrofni kahip

.gnarab nailabmegnep rudesorp surugnem kutnu nagnitnepekreb gnay

nad babeynep ,nasala kutneb alages nakisireb ini nemukoD

.nakilabmekid surah aggnihes amiretid gnay gnarab sata nagnabmitrep

.l gnaraB narulegneP naatnimreP taruS

helo nakanugid gnaraB naraulegneP naatnimreP taruS resu

ini nemukod malaD .gnadugid ada gnay gnarab atnimem kutnu

halmuj atreseb nakraulekid naka gnay gnarab aman nagned ipakgnelid

.atnimid gnay isakifisps nad


85

.4 a natatac nakispirksedneM gnay isnatuk kanugid na

.a naaidesreP lanruJ

naigab helo nakanugid naaidesrep lanruJ s k kcot repee kutnu

gnay isamrofnI .gnadug ek kusam gnay gnarab aumes tatacnem

nagned tiakret liated araces isamrofni halada ini lanruj malad makerid

.gnadug maladek kusam gnay gnarab

.b utraK gnaduG

tahilem kutnu naahasurep helo nakanugid gnadug utraK

naaidesrep ini lah malaD .ikilimid gnay naaidesrep gnarab nakaregrep

gnarab satitnauk adap sukofreb aynah liated araces kadit tahilid aynah

.ajas

.c mumU lanruJ

j tatacnem kutnu nakanugid mumU lanruJ naiauseynep lanru

tatacid gnay odlas aratna naadebrep idajret anerak naaidesrep gnineker

.kisif nagnutihrep turunem odlas nagned

.5 metsis kutnebmem gnay rudesorp nagniraj nakispirksedneM

.gnadug id nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep

.a naadagneP rudesorP .gnadug id )niseM natalareP( gnaraB

.1 raga gnarab naadagnep gnatnet kujnutep nakirebmem ini rudesorP

: nagned iauses

.a .nakhutubid gnay satitnauk nad satilauk isakifisepS

.b .simonoke gnilap gnay agraH


95

.c .tapet gnay utkaW

.2 irad PPS nahareyneP resU adapek daeH .tpeD citsigoL :

.a kitsigoL ludoM margorP ek PPS atad tupnignem resU

( reppilc .)

.b ( atad nalibmagnep sesorp nakukalem resU daolnwoD . )

.c iulalem adniramaS TIG ek mirikid helorepid gnay ataD liamE .

.d atad nakkusamem nad tubesret atad amirenem adniramaS TIG

( daolpU .)

.e atad nalibmagnep sesorp nakukalem adniramaS TIG

( daolnwoD .)

.f iulalem atrakaJ kitsigoL ek mirikid helorepid gnay ataD liame .

.g atad nakkusamem nad tubesret atad amirenem atrakaJ kitsigoL

( daolpU .)

etoN : nad tes retupmoc tinu nailebmep kutnu susuhK resu retupmok erawtfos nakripmalem surah nad tnemtrapeD TI irad isadnemoker atnimem surah

.THIP /BPP mrof adap tubesret isadnemoker

.3 BPP/THIP naktaraysnem gnay kiab nailebmeP naatnimreP taruS

gnay nupuam nagned ipakgnelid surah ,kadit :

.a gnarab isakifisepS .atnimid gnay

.b .nahaB

.c .epiT

.d nial nad ,ireS - .nial

.4 : aynaratnaid THIP /BPP satidilav naaskiremeP

.a .ukalreb gnay gnanewew nasatab iauses isasiroto napakgneleK

.b .ukalreb asaM


06

.c gnaraB nailebmeP kutnu halada THIP/BPP

.d ,gnarab halmuj nad amaN rebmun trap nad gnarab edok ,

isakifiseps

.e .labolg tafisreb aynisi alibapa THIP /BPP naripmaL

.5 : aynaratnaid THIP /BPP nagned PPS aratna naiausesek askiremeM

.a .PPS malad kujnutid gnay THIP /BPP romoN

.b gnay nagned PPS id tubesid gnay aratna meti /isi naiauseseK

id ada BPP .

.6 nahilimep uata iskeleS reilppus narawanep 2 laminim nakrasadid

: ilaucek ,reilppus

.a asib aynah nad nakpatetid hadus aynisakifiseps gnay gnaraB

helo ihunepid reilppus .habmacek : hotnoc ,utnetret

.b nut nega uata rotubirtsid helo gnagepid tubesret gnaraB ,lagg

,raloS : hotnoc esaC trap erapS .ustamoK uata

.c gnaraB ecivres : hotnoc ,isakirbaf uata retupmoc ecivres ,

ecivres .nisem

.7 nataubmep /nailebmep naksutumem sesorP o esahcrup redr )OP(

: adap nakrasadid

.a /naaidesreteK kcots id gnarab reilppus .

.b .agraH

.c .narayabmep utkaw akgnaJ

.d /namirignep utkaW emiT yrevileD .

.e .nailebmep haletes nanimaJ


16

.8 irad nagnabmitrep nakulremem gnay utnetret isidnok adaP resU ,

akam daeH .tpeD citsigoL kutnu amasreb nakaracibmem naka

.kiabret nasutupek libmaid

.9 a surah gnay isamrofnI malad ad o esahcrup redr : pukacnem )OP(

.a nakukalem gnay TP amaN redro .

.b nopelet romon ,tamala ,amaN reilppus .

.c .OP laggnat nad romoN

.d .PPS laggnat nad romoN

.e isakol nad nemetrapeD resu .gnarab nakhutubmem gnay

.f malad kusamret ilebid gnay gnarab alibapa THIP /BPP romoN

.THIP /BPP nakanuggnem gnay gnarab kopmolek

.g .gnarab meti romoN

.h nial nagnaretek uata isakifiseps /gnarab edoK

.i .nasepid gnay gnarab halmuJ

.j .nautas agraH

.k .latot agraH

.l ( gnarab sutats isamrofnI kcots ydaer , tnedni isakirbap utkaw ,

)nakiabrep uata

.m : narayabmep tarays naktubeyneM

eciovnI nad 2 pakgnar iaretamreb isnatiwk uata nad

.lepmetsid

nad nalaj tarus id PPS nad OP romon namutnacneP eciovni .

helo lepmetsid nad inagnatadnatid ilsa OP eilppus r


26

narayabmep metsiS

narayabmep isakoL

namirignep naujuT

.n .tamilak nad akgna malad OP latot ialin naklipmaneM

.o .gnalibret ialin malad naklipmatid gnau ataM

.01 OP id isasirotO /nagnat adnaT

isasirotO lebaT .1.5 lebaT redrO esahcruP . oN OP ialiN nagnaT adnaT

A 00,000.000.01 pR d/s daeH .tpeD citsigoL

B 00,000.000.01 pR irad gnaruK AG daeH .viD citsigoL nad

etoN lah malaD : daeH .tpeD citsigoL nad AG uata daeH .viD citsigoL nahapmilep naktaubid surah akam ,)tikas uata sanid ,ituc( nagnalahreb

.gnanewew .11 emiT sesorP emarF .

lebaT .2.5 lebaT sesorP emarF emiT . sesorP emiT daeL

OP tibret nagned iapmas amiretid PPS irah 7

:ilauceK

.a gnaraB - ,isakirbaP ayntafis gnay gnarab luahrevO isarbilaK nad

lanretxE

.b gnaraB - helo inegaid gnay gnarab reilppus laggnut


36

.b rudesorP natalareP( gnaraB amireT hareS nad namirigneP ,naamireneP

gnaduG id )niseM .

.mumU nautneteK

.1 gnabaC rotnaK TIG nad adniramaS id isakolreb gnay TIG halada

nuB nalakgnaP rotnaK TIG nakgnades etiS gnay TIG halada

.rumiT natnamilaK id isakolreb

.2 irad nalaJ taruS reilppus aud pakgnar kutnu nakanugid nalaj taruS .

ignipmadnem kutnu has gnay gnarab mirignep itkub iagabes

nahutubek nagned iauses nasepid gnay gnarab resu .nohomep /

.3 :irad iridret naamireneP isakoL

irad nasepid halet gnay gnaraB reilppus isakol ek nakujutid naka

.ini hawabid lebat malad naksalejid gnay gnarab naamirenep

.naaidesreP/gnaraB naamireneP lebaT .3.5 lebaT .oN namirigneP naujuT isakoL nagnareteK

A gnaduG

reilppuS

gnadug ocoL

reilppus

reilppus gnadug irad libmaid gnaraB

B atrakaJ atrakaJ ocnarF atrakaJ rotnak ek mirikid gnaraB

uata kujnutid gnay isidepske ek

C gnabaC rotnaK rotnaK ocnarF

gnabac

id gnaraB gnabaC rotnaK ek mirik

uata gnabaC rotnaK id isidepske ek

kujnutid gnay

D etiS etiS ocnarF gnadug id amiretid gnaraB etatse /

gnadug ooG d tisnarT ni s


46

.4 gnay gnarab sata nakecegnep nakukalem gnarab amirenep isakoL

:tukireb iagabes mirikid

- gnarab isakifisepS

- emuloV gnarab

.5 ek nakharesid mulebeS resu kutnu susuhk , erawdrah nad erawtfos

retupmoc lo aguj nakukalid nakecegnep he tnemetrapeD TI nad

naktibretid tnemeerga resu

.6 gnaraB naamireneP naropaL naktibrenem gnarab amirenep isakoL

taruS naktibrenem uata nohomep iagabes alibapa )BPL(

ek gnarab mirignep iagabes alibapa )BPS( gnaraB namirigneP

naujut isakol .

.7 isubirtsiD taruS gnaraB namirigneP ( BPS .)

iagabes imser nemukod nagned iatresid gnarab naisubirtsidneP

tahilid tapad gnay lagel araces gnarab namirignep itkub

.tukireb iagabes aynnasalejnep

.)BPS( gnaraB namirigneP taruS naisubirtsidneP lebaT .4.5 lebaT .oN BPS anraW rtsiD isubi

A )ypoc nad ilsa( hituP namirignep malad nakatresiD

B hareM namirignep malad nakatresiD

C uajiH naripmaL eciovni OP nad nalaJ taruS atreseb

inagnatadnatid hadus gnay ilsA

D gninuK gnitnuoccA atrakaJ

E uriB amireneP /nohomeP


56

.8 adapek nakharesid gnay nemukoD tpeD gnitnuoccA kutnu .

gnatuh natatacnep

- ypoC )harem anraw( OP

- ypoC )gninuk anraw( BPS

- eciovni ypoC irad nalaJ taruS /atoN / reilppuS

.9 isidepske iulalem gnarab namirignep kutnU

.a )EB( isidepskE itkuB naktaubiD

.b surah EB malad iD aman nad BPS romon nakmutnacnem

labolg araces gnarab

.c gnarab amiret hares itkub iagabes nakanugid EB nemukoD

.d narayabmep kutnu naripmal iagabes nakanugid EB nemukoD

isidepske

.01 iulalem surah etis id rihka naujut nagned gnarab namirignep aumeS

TIG etis .


66

.11 sesorP emarF emiT gnaraB naisubirtsidneP

.sesorP emarF emiT lebaT .5.5 lebaT

naujuT

lasA reilppuS )mirikid gnarab(

artamuS id atok/nadeM atrakaJ adniramaS nuB nalakgnaP

iagnus /tuaL /taraD

gnikcurT iagnus /tuaL

/taraD


/taraD


/taraD

gnikcurT

gnabac rotnaK

adniramaS irah 82 irah 71 irah 61 irah 6

uahaW .M etiS TIG irah 24 irah 91 irah 03 irah 8 irah 21 irah 2

nuB nalakgnaP TIG irah 03 irah 91 irah 81 irah 8

TIG tikuB etiS

nagnaludnaP irah 53 irah 42 irah 32 irah 31 irah 5


76

.21 TIG id helo gnarab nalibmagnep utkaw gnaggneT etiS 3 halada

helo amiretid isamrofni haletes irah resu utkaw irad hibel akiJ .

.nagnapmiynep iagabes naropal naktaubid naka tubesret


86

MOP/noitatnalP/.tpeD/noigeRdaeh eettimmoC

gnaraB naatnimreP nakujagneM

nailebmeP naatnimreP taruSgnaraB )PPS(

:nakhareyneMPPS -

naraulegneP nanohomreP ypoC - isatsevnI nanohomreP /)BPP( ayaiB nailebmep kutnu )THIP( pateT agraH

HIP/BPP naktaraysnem gnay gnarabamireT adnaT -

ialuM

1

2

.6 nemukod rila nagab nakispirksedneM

id )niseM natalareP( gnaraB naadagneP rudesorP .2.5 rabmaG gnaduG TP

ZYX


96

daeH .tpeD citsigoL

nad amirenemPPS nakkopmolegnem

:kecegneM gnarab hakapA

atnimid gnay?eunitnocsid

ek PPS nakilabmegneMnohomep

nakulremeM?THIP/BPP

ek PPS nakilabmegneMnohomep

?pakgneL

reilppus ratfad askiremeM

relppuS ratfaD

6

7

ay

kadiT

ay

kadiT

kadiT

ay

1

2

3

45

gnaduG id )niseM natalareP( gnaraB naadagneP rudesorP .2.5 rabmaG TP)natujnaL( ZYX


07

hakapa kecegneMada hadus ilsa THIP/BPP

?adA

satidilav askiremeMTHIP/BPP

?adA

naiausesek askiremeM nagned PPS atad aratna

THIP/BPP

iauses PPS nagned?THIP/BPP

hakapa kecegneMada hadus ilsa THIP/BPP

iaseles

ay kadiT

ay

kadiT

kadiT

ay

3

4

5

natalareP( gnaraB naadagneP rudesorP .2.5 rabmaG gnaduG id )niseM TP)natujnaL( ZYX


17

ialuM

daeH .tpeD citsigoL

irad gnarab amireneMreilppus

nalaJ taruS

nakecegneP nakukaleMOP padahret gnarab naiausesek

OP

?iauseS

nakilabmegneMreilppus ek

/nakutnurep kecegneMgnarab naujut

uata TKJ resU /gnabaC .K resu

?etiS

naujut resu ek gnarab mirigneMgnabaC rotnaK TIG iulalem

)BPS( gnaraB ratnagneP taruS -)EB( isidepskE itkuB -

nad libmegneM hares nakukalem

gnarab amiret

1

6

nad romon tupnigneM BPL/BPS laggnat

BPL/BPS nakrasadrebamiretid gnay

iaseleS

iaseleS

neP ,naamireneP rudesorP .3.5 rabmaG gnaraB amireT hareS nad namirig gnaduG id )niseM natalareP( ZYX TP


27

gnabaC rotnaK TIG netsisA

2

TIG irad gnarab amireneMgnabaC rotnaK

BPS

nakecegneP nakukaleM gnarab naiauseseK

BPS padahretBPS

eK nakisamrofnigneMdaeH .tpeD kitsigoL

nagnatadek isamrofnIgnatab

?iauseS

ek nakilabmegneMgnabaC rotnaK

/nakutnurep kecegneMgnarab naujut

?etiS uata gnabaC .K resU

ek gnarab mirigneM TIG iulalem etiS resu

etiSBPS -

EB -

2

nakukalem nad libmagneMgnarab amiret hares

BPL

nad on nakisamrofnigneM -atrakaJ kitsigoL ek BPL laggnat

ilsa BPL nakisubirtsidneM -)hitup(

6

ialuM

irad gnarab amireneMreilppus

nalaJ taruS

nakecegneP nakukaleM gnarab naiauseseK

OP padahretOP

eK nakisamrofnigneMdaeH .tpeD kitsigoL

nagnatadek isamrofnIgnatab

?iauseS

nakilabmegneMreilppus ek

iaseleS

7

neP ,naamireneP rudesorP .3.5 rabmaG gnaraB amireT hareS nad namirig gnaduG id )niseM natalareP( )natujnaL( ZYX TP


37

daeH .tpeD citsigoL

ialuM

eK gnaraB mirigneM resU esuoheraW

)troppuS uata SKP,nubeK(

suteR gnaraB amireneMesuoheraW irad

iaseleS

1

4

.TP gnaduG id gnaraB naamireneP rilA margaiD .4.5 rabmaG ZYX


47

esuoheraW netsisA

TIG irad gnaraB amireneM

gnaraB iauses?nemukoD

BPS inagnatadnaneM

BPS retsigeR

margorP ek tupnigneMporC/tuM-I

iaseleS

ek nakisamrofnigneMtpeD citsigoL

aracA atireB taubmeMgnaraB nailabmegneP

aracA atireBgnaraB nailabmegneP

iatresid gnaraB mirigneM arauS nad BPABgnaraB ratnagneP

PAS -eB nad BPS -

BPS

ay

kadit

1

2

3 4

.TP gnaduG id gnaraB naamireneP rilA margaiD .4.5 rabmaG ZYX)natujnaL(


57

resU

BPS ypoc amireneM

2



67

BPS nemukoD amireneM

tahiL00R-10-NIF-RGA-POS

iaseleS

daeH noitsrtsinimdA etiS

3



77

resU

ialuM

nahutubeK aynadAgnaraB

gnaraB kcotS kecegneMgnaduG id

aynadA?kcotS

taruS taubmeM naraulegneP naatnimreP

gnaraB

BPS

naatnimreP taubmeM tahiL nailebmeP

00R-10-TGL-RGA-POS

iaseleS

1

3 4

.TP gnaduG id gnaraB naraulegneP rilA margaiD .5.5 rabmaG ZYX


87

.TP gnaduG id gnaraB naraulegneP rilA margaiD .5.5 rabmaG ZYX)natujnaL(

etatsE/daeH lliMdaeH

?ujuteS

1

3

2


97


netsisAesuoheraW

?ujuteS

gnaraB nakraulegneMBPS iauses

nBPPS nakhasimeM SP edok nagned BP ,)traprerapS(

)LOF( MP ,)lacimehc(retsiger nakukalid kutnu

margorP ek tupnigneMporC/tuM-I

iaseleS

2

4

5


08


gnay BPPS amireneMretsiger id hadus

etiS noitartsinimdA

daeH

iaseleS

5


18

.B nagnidnabreP metsiS niseM natalareP naiakameP nad naadagneP id

gnaduG TP gnay metsis rudesorp nagned rumiT natnamilaK ZYX

.naahasurep id ada

.a isgnuF - malad tiakret gnay isgnuf naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis

nisem natalarep .

.TP ZYX isgnuf nakparenem hadus - isgnuf rudesorp iauses gnay

.TP malad anerak ,lanruj isgnuf ilaucek ZYX nakukalid lanruj isgnuf

helo repeek kcots .gnarab naraulegnep naigab nad

nagnidnabreP .6.5 lebaT rudesorp isgnuf gnatnet - gnay isgnuf ep metsis malad tiakret naiakamep nad naadagn

natalarep .nisem rudesorP ketkarP nagnareteK

aY kadiT naamireneP isgnuF

gnaraB √

alapek helo nakukalid ini isgnuF ,tasup rotnakid kitsigol nemetraped

nad gnabaC rotnaK TIG netsisA TIG netsisA etiS naukalrep iagabes

naisubirtsid gnarab naamirenepjut gnadug ek mirikid naka gnay u na

gnisam – .gnarab gnisam utraK isgnuF

naaidesreP √ naigab helo nakukalid ini isgnuF

repeek kcotS naigab nadgnarab naraulegnep

gnaduG isgnuF √ netsisa helo nakukaliD kitsigol namirigneP isgnuF √ naigab helo nakukalid ini isgnuF

naahasurep isidepske lanruJ isgnuF √ helo nakukaliD repeek kcots nad

gnarab naraulegnep naigab iskudorP isgnuF √ helo nakukalid ini isgnuF

daeH eettimmoC ayaiB utraK isgnuF √ ini isgnuF alapek helo nakukalid

tasup rotnakid kitsigol nemetraped


28

.b malad nakanugid gnay nemukoD naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis

nisem natalarep .

gnay nisem natalarep naiakamap nad naadagnep metsis adaP

nemukod ,nemukod aparebeb nakanuggnem naahasurep nakukalid gnay

itkub ,gnarab naatnimrep itkub utiay rudesorp nagned iauses

nagnutihrep ratfad nad gnadug gnarab nailabmegnep itkub ,naraulegnep

naukalrep ianegnem icnirepret araces naktubeynem tubesret itkuB .kisif

nad naatnimrep ,naraulegnep lah malad idajret gnay nailabmegnep

.gnadug sulkis malad id idajret gnay gnarab

nagnidnabreP .7.5 lebaT rudesorp gnay nemukod gnatnet malad nakanugid ep metsis naiakamep nad naadagn

nisem natalarep .

rudesorP ketkarP nagnareteK aY diT

ka naatnimrep itkuB

gnarab √ naahasureP nemukod nakanuggnem

naatnimrep itkub iagabes tubesretgnarab

naraulegnep itkuBgnarab

√ nemukod nakanuggnem naahasureP naraulegnep itkub iagabes tubesret

gnarab itkuB

nailabmegnepgnadug gnarab

√ nemukod nakanuggnem naahasureP itkub iagabes tubesret nailabmegnep

gnadug ek gnarab nagnutihrep utraK

kisif √ nakanugid gnay nemukoD

iuhategnem kutnu naahasurep naaidesrep naadaek nad halmuj

.kisif araces lisah ratfaD

kisif nagnutihrep √ nagnutihrep lisah irad isalutipakeR

kutnu nakanugid upmam gnay kisif naadagnep nauca iagabes

ayntukireb nuhat adap naaidesrep


38

.c malad nakanugid gnay isnatnuka natataC nad naadagnep metsis

nisem natalarep naiakamep .

nakanugid gnay isnatnuka natataC .TP ZYX rudesorp iauses gnay

kadit gnadug utraK .mumu lanruj nad naaidesrep utrak halada

naamirenep tarus nakgnidnanem anerak naahasurep helo nakukalid

gnay gnarab asis iracnem kutnu gnarab naiakamep tarus nagned gnarab

.gnadug malad id ada

lebaT 5 nagnidnabreP .8. rudesorp gnay isnatnuka natatac gnatnet malad nakanugid ep metsis naiakamep nad naadagn

nisem natalarep . rudesorP ketkarP nagnareteK

aY kadiT naaidesreP lanruJ √ natatacneP naaidesrep padahret

raulek nad gnadug ek kusam gnay.gnadug

gnaduG utraK √ naahasureP nagnutihrep nakukalem ikilimid gnay nisem natalarep kisif

iracnem arac nagned gnadug id gnay gnarab halmuj aratna hisiles

gnarab naamirenep tarus id ada tarus nagned nakgnarukid

gnarab naraulegnep . mumU lanruJ √ naahasurep adaP mumu lanruj ini

.nairah lanruj nagned naknakamanid


48

.d kutnebmem gnay rudesorP natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis

nisem .

rudesorP - kutnebmem gnay rudesorp natalarep naaidesrep metsis

nisem adap .TP ZYX ikilimid gnay rudesorp nagned iauses nakukalid

.naahasurep

rudesorp nagnidnabreP .9.5 lebaT gnay rudesorp gnatnet malad kutnebmem ep metsis naiakamep nad naadagn

nisem natalarep . rudesorP ketkarP nagnareteK

aY kadiT natatacrep rudesorP

kokop agrah gnay naaidesrep

ilebid

√ nakukalem gnadug naigaB kokop agrah padahret natatacnep

helo amiretid halet gnay naaidesrep.kosamep irad naahasurep

natatacrep rudesorP kokop agrah

gnay naaidesrep nakilabmekid

kosamep adapek

√ aumes pakerem gnadug naigaB aynkokop agrah atreseb naaidesrep

adapek nakilabmekid naka gnay.utnetret nasala sata anerak kosamep

rudesorP nad naatnimrep

gnarab naraulegnepgnadug

√ kitsigol naigab uata gnadug naigaB sura padahret natatacnep nakukalem

ek kusam nad raulek gnay gnarab gnadug malad

rudesorPkisif nagnutihrep

√ padahret kisif nagnutihreP maladid tapadret gnay naaidesrep

gnuggnatrepid kutnu gnadug - .gnadug naigab ek nakbawaj

helo nakukaliD repeek kcotS inarek , naraulegnep naigab nad kitsigol

.gnarab


58

.e P adap nretni nailadnegne natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis

nisem .

.TP ZYX numan ,gnitnep gnay isgnuf aparebeb nakhasimem halet

helo nakukalid gnay sagut nakupmunep idajret hisam naikimed nagned

nenopmok aparebeb nakukalem halet naahasurep nad amas gnay naigab

.iroet nagned iauses nretni nailadnegnep metsis

nidnabreP .01.5 lebaT nag rudesorp nretni nailadnegnep gnatnet malad kutnebmem gnay ep metsis nad naadagn

naiakamep nisem natalarep .

rudesorP ketkarP nagnareteK aY kadiT

isasinagrO rutkurtS kisif nagnutihreP surah naaidesrep

helo nakukalid iridret gnay aitinap

isgnuf irad utrak gnagemep

,kisif nagnutihrep gnutihgnep isgnuf

isgnuf nad .kecegnep

√ nalajreb gnay metsis malaD sata nakukalid kisif nagnutihrep gnarab naamirenep natatac rasad

gned ,nakraulekid gnay gnarab na gnadug utrak nataubmep kutnu.nakukalid alakreb araces muleb

gnay aitinaP surah kutnebid

irad iridret niales nawayrak isgnuf nawayrak

nad gnadug isgnuf nawayrak

isnatnuka .naaidesrep

√ muleb nalajreb gnay metsis malaD ada salej gnay sagut naigabmep

metsis nakanaskalem malad ,gnadug id nalajreb gnay naaidesrep

aynnaanaskalep malad aggnihes nurut asib nawayrak aumes

kutnu hawab ek gnusgnal.gnadug isgnuf nakukalem


68

nagnidnabreP .01.5 lebaT rudesorp gnatnet p ni nailadnegne nret malad kutnebmem gnay metsis nad naadagnep

naiakamep nisem natalarep .)natujnaL(


natatacnep rudesorp nad isasiroto metsiS nagnutihrep lisaH

naaidesrep kisif helo inagnatadnatid

aitinaP auteK kisiF nagnutihgneP

.naaidesreP

√ kisif nagnutihrep isasirotO gnay kahip helo nakukalid

.kitsigol netsisa inkay gnanewewreb

lisah natatacneP kisif nagnutihrep

naaidesrep sata nakrasadid

utrak utrak kisif naaidesrep

itiletid halet gnay helo aynnaranebek

utrak gnagemepkisif nagnutihrep

√ helo nakukalid gnay natatacneP gnutihid gnay gnadug kahip

gnay naaidesrep utrak nakrasadreb isI .amiretid gnarab taas adap taubid

tubesret naaidesrep utrak agrah nad satitnauk nakgnarenem

irad amiretid gnay naaidesrep kokop.kosamep

gnay nautas agraH malad nakmutnacid

lisah ratfad kisif nagnutihrep utrak irad lasareb

gnay naaidesrep.natukgnasreb

√ isireb kisif nagnutihrep lisah ratfaD agrah nad gnarab satitnauk gnatnet

lasareb gnay gnarab nautas kokop.naaidesrep utrak irad

mtsujdA tne utrak padahret

naaidesrep adap nakrasadid

sinej pait isamrofni gnay naaidesrep malad mutnacret

nagnutihrep ratfad.kisif

√ naaidesrep metsis helo naiauseyneP adap nakukalid gnadugid ada gnay gnay naaidesrep gnarab sinej paites

ep utrak malad mutnacret .naaidesr


78

nagnidnabreP .01.5 lebaT rudesorp nretni nailadnegnep gnatnet malad kutnebmem gnay ep metsis nad naadagn

naiakamep nisem natalarep .)natujnaL(


tahes gnay kitkarP nagnutihrep utraK turu romonreb kisif

nad katecret aynnaanuggnep

gnauggnatrepid - helo nakbawaj

gnagemep isgnuf nagnutihrep utrak

kisif

√ kisif nagnutihrep utrak ada kadiT nakukalid kisif nagnutihrep anerak

halmuj nakgnarugnem nagned gnarab nagned gnatad gnarab

.raulek

kisif nagnutihreP sinej paites naaidesrep

ilak aud nakukalid nednepedni araces

nakukalid gnaygnisam - gnisam

naigab helo nad gnutihgnep

kecegnep naigab

√ nakukalid aynah kisif nagnutihreP gnay gnarab naamirenep taas adap

gnarab gnadug ek kusamakraulekid .gnadug irad n

atad nad satitnauK gnay naaidesrep nakkococid nial

lisah ratfad nagned kisif nagnutihrep

isgnuf helo utrak gnagemep kisif naaidesrep

√ aynah nakukalid nakococneP nakococnem nagned nakukalid

nagned nakukalid gnay natatacnep nakanuggnem iM lecxe tfosorc nad

.gnarab naiakamep paker

nad natalareP gnay edotem

kutnu nakanugid nad rukugnem

gnutihgnem satitnauk

surah naaidesrep nimajid

.aynnaitiletek

√ nakukalid gnay natalareP nakanuggnem lecxe tfosorciM .


88

.C halasaM isakifitnedI

isakifitnedI gnay halasam sisilana sesorp nakapurem halasam

ayniapacret tabmahgnem gnay halasam nakatemem tapad kutnu nakukalid

hakgnaL .metsis naujut - isakifitnedi pahat malad nakukalid gnay hakgnal

:halada halasam

.1 halasaM isakifitnedigneM

gnay amatrep hakgnal nakapurem halasam isakifitnedi nakukaleM

nakukalid halasam isakifitnedI .halasam sisilanagnem malad nakukalid

halasam nakutnenem kutnu - nad metsis malad id tapadet gnay halasam

halasamreP .metsis naujut ayniapacret tabmahgnep idajnem gnay na

aynnagnubuh malad idajret gnay halasam adap satabret isakifitnediid

nailadnegnep nad naanaskalep nagned nretni nad naadagneP metsiS adap

naiakameP gnaduG id niseM natalareP ZYX .TP gnay nahalasamreP .

alareP naaidesreP metsiS metsis malad id idajret gnaduG id niseM nat .TP

ZYX :halada

.a m gnanewew nad sagut naigabmeP gnisa - isgnuf uata naigab gnisam

isgnuf uata sagut nakukalem raseb naigabes nad salej muleb gnay

.adnag

.b aratna hisiles idajreT nagnutihrep nagned gnarab kisif naadaek

xeddrac aaidesrep utrak/ .ada gnay n

.c idajreT s htaed kcot irad urab nakajibek tapadret anerak idajret gnay

ada aggnihes takaraysam naayadrebmep ianegnem naahasurep

.tubesret nakajibek irad kapmad iagabes iakapid kadit gnay naaidesrep


98

epo libom nakanuggnem naahasurep ,hotnoc iagabeS kilim lanoisar

amal gnay naahasurep libom gnadac ukus nakgnades ,lakol takaraysam

.iakapret kadit idajnem

.d trahcwolF nakbabeynem aggnihes salej gnaruk gnay naahasurep

idajret gnanewew nad sagut naigabmep naka namahamep nad ispesrep

atres salej kadit araces .adnag isgnuf aynidajret nakbabeynem

.2 halasaM babeyneP isakifitnedigneM

nagned nakukalid tapad halasam babeynep nakisakifitnedigneM

naidumek ada hadus gnay nahalasamrep kejbus uluhad hibelret ijakgnem

t babeynep nanikgnumek iracid .tubesret halasam aynidajre nakrasadreB

id isakifitnediid halet gnay nahalasamrep nakukalid tapad naidumek ,sata

halasam babeynep isakifitnedi - :halada tubesret halasam

.a naaidesrep metsis malad ilak amatrep lucnum gnay nahalasamreP

ukus naaidesrep gnadug malad nakparetid gnay nisem natalarep

hisam gnay gnanewew nad sagut naigabmep halada ZYX .TP gnadac

aratna idajret gnay salej gnaruk repeek kcots naraulegnep naigab nad

ab sura padahret narep kaynab ikilimem gnay gnadug isgnuf atres gnar

,nalajreb gnay naaidesrep metsis ketkarp malaD .gnadug malad gnarab

isgnuF .sagut naigabmep malad malad adnag isgnuf idajret ilakgnires

utiay naigab aud helo nakukalid naaidesrep utrak kcots repeek gnay

gnadug maladek kusam aratnemes TIG irad gnarab amirenem sagutreb

rudesorp nakukalem sagutreb gnay gnarab naraulegnep naigab nad

.gnadug irad raulek gnay gnarab sata nasawagnep nad naraulegnep


09

rak inkay nahalasamrep idajret gnires ini lah malaD gnay naaidesrep ut

tapadret gnay kisif naadaek nagned hisiles imalagnem gnadakret taubid

gnadakreT .adebreb gnay naigab aud nakukalid anerak gnadug malad

gnissim malad tubesret naigab aud aynsukof gnaruk tabika idajret atad

.naaidesep utrak taubmem

asamreP gnay gnadug isgnuf halada idajret ilak parek gnay nahal

naaidesrep kusam raulek sura rutagnem itrepes narep kaynab ikilimem

,kisif naaidesrep gnutihgnem ,naaidesrep utrak taubmem ,gnadug

nakukalid rudesorp malad gnay ,lld naaidesrep naiakamep isasiroto

elo netsisa aynketkarp malad numan ,)gnadug netsisa( kitsigol netsisa h

nad kusam gnay gnarab padahret isasiroto nakukalem aynah kitsigol

.nakanugid kutnu gnadug raulek

.b nemukoD .ini rudesorp malad nakukalid kadit gnadug utrak nemukoD

kutnu nakanugid tapad ini aidesret gnay gnarab satitnauk tahilem

lah ipakiyneM .nakukalid kadit naahasurep helo numan gnadug malad

natatac idajnem nad naaidesrep utrak taubmem gnadug kahip ,ini

tapadret naaidesrep utrak malad anerak ,gnitnep tagnas gnay isnatnuka

auk naka isamrofni nagneD .naaidesrep kokop agrah halmuj nad satitn

kutnu nakanugid gnay gnadug utrak aynada apnat ,naikimed

tapadret gnay kisif naaidesrep halmuj padahret nakecegnep nakukalem

raulek gnarab akitek anerak nakukalid tilus naka gnadug malad id

akladnagnem aynah .gnaraB naraulegneP naatnimreP taruS n


19

kadit gnadug id ada gnay gnarab kisif naadaek nakbabeynem ini laH

gnay nial rotkaF .ada gnay naaidesrep utrak nagned iauses

akitek halada ini halasam nakbabeynem resu kahip ,gnarab atnimem

S nakladnagnem aynah gnadug gnaraB naraulegneP naatnimreP taru

gnarab nakraulegnem itkub iagabes nakanugid gnay nemukod iagabes

gnaraB naraulegneP naatnimreP taruS ilak parek numan ,gnadug irad

gnay asaib natatacnep aynada anerak sagutep helo taubid kadit ini

id nakukalid draobetihw ( OFIF edotem nad I tsriF tsriF n O tu kadit )

alup kiab gnay natatacnep ada kadit anerak kiab nagned nalajreb

.gnadug maladid

.c nahalasamreP kcots htaed nakukalid gnay natatacnep anerak idajret

nagned nalajreb muleb ini naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis malad

kiab tubesid asaib gnay uata ada hisam gnay gnarab isalutipakeR .

nagned kcots emanpo naadaek aynada nagneD .nakukalid gnaraj

,ini itrepes s kcot aynada anerak iakapret kadit gnay amal gnay gnarab

naahasurep helo nakukalid gnay nakajibek ianegnem urab nakajibek

hanrep naka kadit aynnapedek nad karegreb hanrep kadit naka

amal halet gnay gnarab naaidesep anerak idajret ini laH .nakanugid

aggnihes urab gnay gnarab naaidesrep nagned nakitnagret hadus

asamid nakanugid hanrep naka kadit amal gnay gnarab naaidesrep

gnay .gnatad naka

.d adap idajret gnay nahalasamreP trahcwolf nad naadagnep metsis

rasad idajnem ini amales gnay ZYX .TP nisem natalarep naiakamep


29

nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis naanaskalep irad

nakanugid ulrep kadit aynsurahes gnay metsis sura aynada halada

gnay nahalasek atres nagnarucek halec naklubminem upmam aggnihes

ab aynnaanaskalep malad anerak idajret ini laH .nakukalid tapad gnar

helo nasepid gnay resu irad reilppus naujut ek mirikid tapad gnusgnal

malaD .atnimid gnay gnarab trahcwolf rotnak awhab naktubesid

rotnak nad gnabac etis irad lasareb gnay gnarab amirenem upmam

reilppus nakukalem nad redro adapek gnusgnal gnarab lppus rei

naailebmep gnatnet tasup kahip adapek isamrofni nakirebmem nagned

rotnak akitek nahalasek naklubminem ilakgnires gnay ini laH .gnarab

apnat naaidesrep nailebmep nakukalem etis rotnak uata gnabac

ek tubesret nailebmep nagned tiakret isamrofni nakirebmem kahip adap

rudesorp ,ini itrepes ketkarp aynada nagned uti nialeS .tasuP rotnaK

gnarab namirignep metsis malad ada hadus gnay gnarab namirignep

nautnetek nagned iauses kadit nad kiab nagned nalajreb kadit idajnem

malad itakapesid halet gnay nitarepO metsyS erudesorP g .)POS(

.3 nasutupeK kitiT isakifitnedigneM icnuK linosreP nad

pahat ,isakifitnediid tapad halasam aynidajret babeynep haleteS

halasam irad nasutupek kitit nakisakifitnedignem halada ayntukireb

nakbabeynem gnay isidnok utaus nakapurem nasutupek kitiT .tubesret

idnok nakapurem nasutupek kitit nad ,idajret halasam utaus naka anamid is

gnay nasutupek kitiT .halasam isatagnem kutnu nasutupek haubes libmaid


39

nad naadagnep metsis malad halasam aynidajret naktabikagnem

:halada naahasurep nisem natalarep naiakamep

.a dit gnay sagut naigabmep tapadret utiay amatrep nahalasamrep adaP ka

aratna salej repeek kcots tapad nad gnarab naraulegnep naigab nagned

halet anamiagabes gnay isgnuf nagned iauses nalajreb kadit nakatakid

irad tahilid tapad ini laH .ayngnanewew iauses naknalajid nad kutnebid

ret narep kaynab ikilimem gnay gnadug isgnuf id gnarab sura padah

gnay POS nasutupek kitit adap tapadret ini halasamreP .gnadug malad

malad idajret gnay ketkarp nagned iauses nalajreb kadit ada halet

irahes nataigek - .irah

.b kisif naadaek halmuj aratna hisiles idajret audek nahalasamrep adaP

padret gnay gnay natatacep halmuj nagned adebreb gnadugid ta

kadit gnadug utrak nakanerakid ini laH .gnadug naigab helo nakukalid

nagnutihreP .gnarab nailadnegnep malad lortnoc iagabes nakukalid

naatnimrep tarus nakgnarugnem arac nagned nakukalid aynah gnarab

aulegnep gnadug malad id ada gnay gnarab halmuj nagned gnarab nar

kitit ,ini lah malaD .gnaraB naamireneP naropaL malad aretret gnay

adap lubmit gnay nahalasamrep rore namuh nailadnegnep metsis nad

.kiab gnaruk hisam gnadug

.c agitek nahalasamrep adaP kcots htaed et gnay naaidesrep anerak idajr

helo nakitnagid halet nad nakanugid kadit gnadug maladid amal halet

ada anerak idajret ini laH .urab gnay gnarab naaidesrep sinej

kahip helo nakukalid gnay lanoisarepo nakajibek nahaburep


49

naaidesrep aparebeb aggnihes naahasurep nad iakapret kadit idajnem

.gnadug malad id ajas utigeb kupmunem

.d aynada kadit halada tapmeek susak adap idajret gnay nahalasamreP

rotnak itrepes inil iagabreb aggnihes ,tasupret gnay isasiroto utaus

rotnak nad gnabac etis anasemep nakukalem asib gnadakret gnarab n

adapek gnusgnal reilppus .


59

.D nagnacnaR M natalareP naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS nise id

.rumiT natnamilaK ZYX TP gnaduG

isakifitnedi irad nakrasadreb taubid naka urab gnay metsis nagnacnaR

hubut malad id ada gnay nahalasamrep irad namukgnaR .naahasurep

tapad gnay isulos atreseb ZYX .TP adap idajret gnay halasam aparebeb

suid .5 lebat adap nakkujnutid naklu 11 .

.5 lebaT 11 naadagnep metsis isulos nad halasam namukgnar lebaT . nisem natalarep naiakamep nad

halasaM isasakifitnedI isuloS .1 nahasimep nad naigabmep ada muleB

idajret gnay gnanewew nad sagut aratna utiay naaidesrep naigabid

naigab repeek kcots naigab nagned naigab atres gnarab naraulegnep narep kaynab ikilimem gnay gnadug gnadug maladid gnarab sura malad

b hisam aggnihes isgnuf tahilret kayna id naksalejid halet gnay itrepes adnag

.halasam isakifitnedni naigab malad

aynada naklusuid ini nahalasamrep kutnU nahasimep ,isasinagro rutkurts nakiabrep malad salej gnay gnanewew nad sagut naigabmeP .naaidesrep nahalolegnep

sagut id katelret utiay nakhasipid gnay naigab repeek kcots naigab nagned

aguj gnadug naigaB .gnarab naraulegnep isgnuf nagned iauses sagut igabmem

gnisam - naigab itrepes gnisam kcotsrepeek ,gnarab naraulegnep naigab ,

nad kitsigol inarek daeh mda etis . .2 idajreT naadaek nagnutihrep hisiles

utrak nagned naaidesrep kisif.ada gnay naaidesrep

tapad aggnihes gnadug utrak taubmeM nad alakreb araces nagnutihrep nakukalid utrak nagned ilabmek kecid tapad

.naaidesrep .3 kcotS htaeD . kadit hadus gnay naaidesrep laujneM

apret tapad aggnihes ayngnalelem uata iak.tubesret naaidesrep isgnuf naklamitpoid

.4 trahcwolF gnaruk gnay naahasurep nakrabmaggnem muleb nad salej gnilas gnay rila nagab utaus gnay nemetraped ratna nagnubuhreb naadagnep lah malad itrepes tiakret

rtsidnep ,gnarab ,gnarab naisubi .gnarab naraulegnep nad naiakamep

trahcwolF muleb tubesret naaidesrep sura nakrabmaggnem hisam numan ,naiakgnar utas malad

sutupret gnay naiakgnar idajnem - .sutup

taubmeM trahcwolf naadagnep sura gnarab naukalrep iapmas naaidesrep

aidesrep gnay nanapmiynep gnadug id na aguj uti nialeS .naaidesrep helo ikilimid

narabmaggnep ikiabrepmem trahcwolf narila nakkujnunem upmam aggnihes nagnubuhreb nad nalajreb gnay metsis aggnih lawa irad natiakreb gnilas atres

.sesorp rihka


69

namukgnar nakrasadreB isulos atreseb ZYX .TP adap idajret gnay halasam

upmam nakparahid gnay nagnacnar akam ,naklusuid tapad gnay

:halada nakiabrep nakirebmem

.1 gnaneweW nad saguT naigabmeP ,isasinagrO rutkurtS nagnacnaR

.naaidesrep metsis malad

ikilimid gnay isasinagro rutkutrS uata isasinagro utaus helo

kutnu nakduskamid nahasurep ini nasilunep sketnok malad

nataigek nagned nagnubuhreb gnay utauses alages isanidrookgnem

nailadnegnep metsis naknalajnem kutnu gnacnarid aguj isasinagro

surep kahip helo naknalajid kadneh gnay nretni rutkurtS .naaha

nad sagut naigabmep ianagnem naksalejnem tapad aguj isasinagro

nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis malad gnanewew

.ZYX TP helo ikilimid gnay

nakukalid ZYX TP adap isasinagro rutkurts nagnacnareP

ay isasinagro rutkurts nakrasadreb .naahasurep helo ikilimid halet gn

.5 rabmaG 11 gnay isasinagro rutkurts nagnacnarep halada .

naahasurep helo ikilimid gnay rila nagab nakrasadreb nakhamejretid

araces lanoisgnuf bawaj gnuggnat nakhasimem kutnu nakanugud gnay

nanewew nad sagut atreseb ,saget .ayng

ikiabrepmem hibel ini urab gnay isasinagro rutkurts nagnacnareP

naigab ialum inkay ,gnadug maladid ada gnay metsis netsisa

,repeek kcots ,daeh noitartinimda etis ,esuoheraw nad kitsigol inarek

lret nakukalid gnay nakiabreP .gnarab naraulegnep naigab adap kate


79

naigab daeh nimda etis lamiskam gnaruk aynnaanaskalep gnay

naigab aynada nagned aggnihes daeh nimda etis nakukalem gnay

gnukudnem gnay nemukod akam lamiskam araces aynsagut

nagned kiab araces nakisatnemukodid tapad gnarab naraulegnep

ay isasiroto .alup salej gn

p adap katelret ayntujnales nakiabreP gnay sagut naigabme surah

nakhasipid aratna naigab repeek kcots naraulegnep naigab nagned

gnarab naigaB . repeek kcots gnadakret gnarab naraulegnep naigab nad

ggnihes salej muleb gnay sagut ikilimem hisam gnisam malad a -

hibel nakukalid gnay nakiabreP .adnag isgnuf ikilimem naigab gnisam

gnisam helo ikilimid gnay gnanewew nad sagut nahasimep adap -

.gnadug malad id ada gnay naigab gnisam


89

ettimmoCdaeH

citsigoLdaeH .tpeD

TIG netsisAtasuP rotnaK

TIG netsisAgnabaC rotnaK

TIG netsisAetiS rotnaK

netsisAesuoheraW

nimdA etiSdaeH

inareKkitsigoL

kcotSrepeeK

naraulegneP naigaBgnaraB

resU

isasinagrO rutkurtS nagnacnaR

.6.5 rabmaG gnaduG naaidesreP metsiS isasinagrO rutkurtS nagnacnaR .TP ZYX .

:rebmuS ataD sisilanA


99

gnisam gnanewew nad saguT - :tukireb iagabes halada naigab gnisam

.a daeH eettimmoC

ayngnanewew nad saguT :halada

)1 kutnu gnaraB naailebmeP naatnimreP taruS taubmeM

.gnarab naadagnep

)2 naka gnay ayaib naraulegnep nanohomrep taubmeM

.naaidesrep naadagnep kutnu nakanugid

.b daeH .tpeD citsigoL

:halada ayngnanewew nad saguT

)1 taruS naiausesek nad isadilav askiremeM naatnimreP

ayaiB naraulegneP nanohomreP nad )PPS( naailebmeP

.)BPP(

)2 gnay kosamep nakutnenem nad kosamep ratfad askiremeM

nagned narawanep sesorp nakukalem atres amas ajrekeb naka

.kosamep

)3 katecnem nad taubmeM redro esahcrup .

)4 eb gnarab nailabmegnep amireneM .aynnemukod atres

)5 gnarab nakilabmegnem nad kosamep irad isamrifnokgneM

.kosamep irad

.c tasuP rotnaK TIG netsisA

:halada aynganewew nad saguT

)1 kosamep irad gnarab amireneM


001

)2 nasepid gnay gnarab naiausesek naaskiremep nakukaleM

nagned redro esahcrup neP itkuB nad .)BPB( gnaraB naileb

)3 naiausesek kadit idajret akij gnarab nailabmegnep nakukaleM

nasepid gnay gnarab

)4 taubmem nad naujut turunem gnarab namirignep nakukaleM

.)BPL( gnaraB aamireneP naropaL

)5 nakrasadreb BPL/BPS laggnat nad romon tupnigneM

miretid gnay BPL/BPS .a

.d gnabaC rotnaK TIG netsisA


)1 atrakaJ irad amiretid gnay gnarab sata bawaj gnuggnatreB

.)atrakaJ tasuP rotnaK(

)2 adapek isamrofni nakirebmeM daeH .tpeD citsigoL sata

.amiretid halet gnay gnarab

)3 naiausesek naaskiremep nakukaleM mirikid gnay gnarab

)BPS( gnaraB namirigneP taruS nagned

)4 akam ,amiretid gnay gnarab naiauseskaditek idajret akiJ

sata bawaj gnuggnatreb gnabaC rotnaK TIG netsisA

.atrakaJ ek gnarab nailabmegnep

)5 halet gnay gnarab amiret hares nakukalem nad libmagneM

mirikid .

)6 kitsigol ek BPL laggnat nad romon nakisamrofnigneM

.ilsa gy BPL nemukod naisubirtsidnep atresreb atrakaJ


101

.e rotnaK TIG netsisA etiS


)1 atrakaJ irad amiretid gnay gnarab sata bawaj gnuggnatreB

)2 adapek isamrofni nakirebmeM citsigoL daeH .tpeD sata

.amiretid halet gnay gnarab

)3 mirikid gnay gnarab naiausesek naaskiremep nakukaleM

)BPS( gnaraB namirigneP taruS nagned

)4 akam ,amiretid gnay gnarab naiausesek kadit idajret akiJ

.atrakaJ ek gnarab nailabmegnep sata bawaj gnuggnatreb

)5 libmagneM halet gnay gnarab amiret hares nakukalem nad

.mirikid

)6 kitsigol ek BPL laggnat nad romon nakisamrofnigneM

.ilsa gy BPL nemukod naisubirtsidnep atresreb atrakaJ

.f netsisA esuoheraW


)1 .gnarab naatnimrep nanohomrep nakujagneM

)2 ibmagneM .etis TIG irad gnarab amirenem nad l

)3 BPS askiremeM

)4 .BPS ignatadnanem nad isasirotogneM

)5 nakpisragneM redro esahcrup .

.g daeH noitartsinimdA etiS


)1 .gnarab naraulegnep tarus taubmeM


201

)2 netsisa ek BPS nakmirignem kutnu bawaj gnuggnatreB

esuoheraw .isasirotoid kutnu

.h repeeK kcotS


)1 .BPS retsigerem nad amireneM

)2 gnaduG utraK retsigerem nad amireneM

)3 I margorp ek gnaduG utraK nad BPS naktupnigneM -

.porC/tuM

.i kitsigoL inareK


)1 gnarab amireneM nakukalem nad esuoheraw netsisa amasreb

gnarab nanapmiynep atreseb natatacnep

)2 gnaduG utraK taubmeM

)3 utrak nakrasadreb lisif nagnutihreP lisaH ratfaD taubmeM

.gnadug

.j gnaraB naraulegneP naigaB


)1 ratfad nakrasadreb gnarab kecegneM .atnimid gnay gnarab

)2 .BPS nagned iauses gnarab nakraulegneM

)3 ( SP edok nagned BPS nakhasimeM traperaps BP ,)

( lacimehc id kutnu )LOF( MP ,) - retsiger .

)4 I margorp ek naktupnigneM - .porC/tuM


301

.k resU


)1 rab naiakamep nad nakecegnep nakukaleM .gna

)2 akij gnarab nanohomrep taubmaM kcots gnay gnarab

.gnadugid aidesret nakhutubid

)3 nad nailebmep naatnimrep nanohomrep taubmeM

netsisa ek nakmirignem esuoheraw .isasirotoid kutnu

.2 gnaduG utraK nagnacnaR

paites tatacnem kutnu nakanugid ini nemukoD gnay naiauseynrep

ini nemukod malaD .)satitnauk( naaidesrep atad padahret idajret

naraulegnep nad gnadug helo amiretid gnay gnarab paites makerem

naahasurep nataigek kutnu iakapid naka aynitnan gnay gnarab . malaD

egnem isamrofni nakirebmem ini gnadug utrak gnay naaidesrep asis ian

gnay naaidesrep nakaregrep aggnihes ,gnadug maladid adareb hisam

gnay isamrofnI .tubesret gnadug utrak irad uatnapret tapad ikilimid

naaidesrep ianegnem lalbog tafisreb ini gnadug utrak malad nakirebid

.tiakret gnay

nemukoD gnadug utrak :tukireb iagabes nenopmok isireb ini

.a .edoK romoN

naka gnay gnarab nakutnenem kutnu nakanugid edok romoN

helo nakanugid resu gnay gnarab nahalasek idajret kadit aggnihes

.nakduskamid


401

.b .gnaduG amaN

ab nalibmagnep isakifitnedignem kutnu nakanugiD gnay gnar

.nakduskamid gnay gnadug irad lasareb

.c .gnaraB amaN

nakanugid naka gnay gnarab isakifitnedignem kutnu nakanugiD

helo resu .

.d .muminiM

naka gnay gnarab muminim halmuj nakutnenem kutnu nakanugiD

.gnadug irad nakraulekid

.e .mumiskaM

nenem kutnu nakanugiD naka gnay gnarab mumiskam halmuj nakut

.gnadug irad nakraulekid

.f .nautaS

maladid ada gnay gnarab satitnauk iuhategnem kutnu nakanugiD

.idok ,mir ,xob :hotnoC .gnadug

.g .amiretid gnarab nakadnanem gnay moloK

satitnauK ,itkuB romoN ,laggnaT : isireB

.h gnay moloK .iakapid gnarab nakadnanem

satitnauK ,itkuB romoN ,laggnaT : isireB

.i .gnarab asis nakataynem gnay moloK

nagnareteK ,satitnauK : isireB


501

GNADUG UTRAK N .…………………………… : EDOK .O ………………………………………………………………… : GNADUG

……………………………………………… : GNARAB AMAN ..………………………………………………………………

MUMINIM ………………………… : ...……………………… : MUMISKAM

NAUTAS ………… : ……………… AMIRETID IAKAPID ASIS

LGT ITKUB .ON SATITNAUK LGT ITKUB .ON SATITNAUK SATITNAUK TEK

5 rabmaG 7. nagnacnaR : gnaduG utraK

naadagnep metsis nagnacnarep malad naklusuid gnay gnadug utraK

nakparahid ZYX .TP gnadug id ada gnay nisem natalarep naiakamep nad

taas adap naaidesrep natatacnep nahalasek naklaminimem upmam kcots

emanpo kisif naadaek nagnutihrep hisiles ignarugnem tapad aggnihes

.ada gnay naaidesrep utrak nagned gnarab


601

.3 natalareP naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS rudesorP nagnacnareP

.gnaduG id niseM

.a ( nemukoD rilA nagaB nagnacnaR )trahcwolf

nagned nakukalid gnay nagnacnareP nemukod narila nakrasadreb

gnay isulos nagned iauses isakifidomid naidumek ada hadus gnay

nakhabmanem silunep ini nagnacnarep adaP .silunep helo nakirebid

rotnaK TIG netsisa isgnuf utiay isgnuf utas nad nemukod utas

irad sapel kadit ini nagnacnareP .tasuP isgnuf - ,tiakret gnay isgnuf

nemukod atres rudesorp nagniraj - nakanugid gnay nemukod

gnay urab metsis nad amal metsis aratna nagnidnabrep aggnihes

gnay nasalejnep malad iuhatekid tapad nakiabrep tapadnem halet

.rila nagab narabajnep halates iuhatekid tapad halada ini tukireB

( rila nagab nagnacnar )trahcwolf :ZYX .TP


701

resU

nakujagneM naatnimrep naiakamep

gnarab

taubmeM nanohomrep naraulegnep

gnarab

omeM naraulegneP

gnarab

mirigneM etiS ekdaeH mdA

1

ialuM

omeM naraulegneP

gnarab

nakanuggnemnasil edotem

nagnacnareP trahcwolf metsis naiakamep nad naadagnep

urab nisem natalarep

.8.5 rabmaG A nagaB ril naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS P lare M nata nise .TP ZYX


801

daeH noitartsinimdA etiS

1

omeM naraulegnep

gnarab

taubmeM taruS

naraulegnePgnaraB

32

1 BPS

mirigneM netsisA ekesuoheraW

kutnuisasirotoid

32

1 BPS

2

4

BPSisasirotoret

nakpisragneMBPS

BPSisasirotoret

T

:nagnareteKgnaraB naraulegneP taruS : BPS

.8.5 rabmaG S rilA nagaB metsi naiakameP nad naadagneP M natalareP nise TP ZYX )natujnaL(


901

esuoheraW netsisA

2

3 omeM naadagneP

gnaraB2

1 BPS

askiremeM nad

isasirotognemBPS

32

1 isasirotoret BPS

BPS mirigneM ek naisasiroto

naigab naraulegnep nad gnarab

.mdA etiSdaeH

32

1isasirotoret BPS

3 4

6

nakujagneM nanohomrep

naadagnep nad gnarab nanohomreP

ayaiB

nanohomreP taruS nad gnaraB naadagneP

nanohomrePayaiB naraulegneP

7

tawel miriKliame


.8.5 rabmaG A nagaB ril naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS M natalareP nise .TP ZYX )natujnaL(


011

gnaraB naraulegneP naigaB

3

21 isasirotoret BPS

kecegneM kcots

satA gnaraB naatnimreP

BPS

adA? kcotS

21isasirotoret BPS

taubmeM omeM

naatnimreP naadagneP

gnaraB nakrasadreb

BPS

omeM naadagneP

gnaraB

ek mirigneM netsisAesuoheraW

6

kadit

ek mirigneM naigab inarek

kitsigol

21isasirotoret BPS

5


ay

.8.5 rabmaG A nagaB ril naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS P natalare M nise .TP ZYX )natujnaL(


111

daeH ettimmoC

7

nad PPSBPP

nad taubmeM katecnem nad PPS

BPP

daolnwoDliame irad

21 BPP

32

1 PPS

mirigneM ek kitsigoL

.tpeDdaeH

21 BPP

32

1 PPS

8

42

21

dilav kadit BPP 3

21

dilav kadit PPS

ikiabrepmeM PPS gnalu

BPP nad

21 iskeroK BPP

32

1 iskeroK PPS

:nagnareteKnailebmeP naatnimreP taruS : PPS

ayaiB naraulegneP nanohomreP : BPP dilav kadit BPP nad PPS nemukod alibapa rednukes atad surA :

.8.5 rabmaG A nagaB ril naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS P natalare M nise .TP ZYX )natujnaL(


211

kitsigoL inareK

5 02

21isasirotoret BPS

BrtPS

amireneM gnaraB

irad netsisA

etiS TIG

nad amireneM nakraulegnem

gnarab

nakraulegneM kutnu gnarab

resU

taubmeMgnaduG utraK

gnaduG utraK

eK mirigneM netsisAesuoheraW

kutnuisasirotoid

gnaduG utraK

52


gnaraB ratnagneP taruS : BrtPS



311

daeH .tpeD kitsigoL

8

21 BPP

32

1 PPS

askiremeM isadilaV nad PPS

BPP

? dilaV

ay

21 BPP

32

1 PPS

nakilabmegneM eK ettimmoC

daeH

kadit

42

21 BPP

32

1 PPS

askiremeM ratfaDkosameP

taubmeM taruS

naatnimreP narawaneP

agraH

ratfaDkosameP

ek mirikiDkosamep

9

9

naatnimreP taruSagraH narawaneP

taruS narawaneP

agraH irad amiretiD

kosamep

taubmeM nagnidnabreP

agraH

taruS nagnidnabreP

agraH

HPS

01

01

askiremeM hakapa iauses nagned

naatnimrep

? iauseSkadit

ay

nakutneneMkosamep

taubmeM esahcruP

edrO

54

32

1 OP

isnatnukA .gaB

11

21

ek mirikiDkosamep

.8.5 rabmaG A nagaB ril P metsiS e naiakameP nad naadagn M natalareP nise .TP ZYX )natujnaL(


411

tasuP rotnaK TIG netsisA

21

OP

kosameP iraD

amireneM irad gnaraB

kosameP

taruSratnagneP

askiremeMgnarab

? iauseS

nakirebmeM ek isamrofni

citsigoLdaeH .tpeD

nakilabmegneM ek gnarab

kosamep

kosameP

kadit

nakirebmeM ek isamrofni

citsigoLdaeH .tpeD

,atrakaJ ,CK ? etiS

31 5141

atrakaJ

CK

etiS

31 5141

amireneM nad gnarab

taubmeM naropaL

naamirenePgnaraB

PS

OP

32

1 BPL

T

isnatnukA .gaB netsisAesuoheraW

tasuP rotnaK

amireneM gnarabaratnemes

PS

OP

taubmeM taruS

ratnagneP nad gnaraB

itkuBisidepskE

EB

32

1 BrtPS

61T

amireneM gnarabaratnemes

PS

OP

taubmeM taruS

ratnagneP nad gnaraB

itkuBisidepskE

EB

32

1 BrtPS

71T

TT

32

nad romoN tupnigneM BPL/BrtPS laggnaT

nakrasadreb gnay BPL/BrtPS

amiretid

BPL/BrtPS

.8.5 rabmaG S rilA nagaB naiakameP nad naadagneP metsi M natalareP nise .TP ZYX )natujnaL(


511

gnabaC rotnaK TIG netsisA

61

EB

21 BrtPS

amireneM irad gnarab TIG netsisAtasuP rotnaK

EB

21 BrtPS

nakirebmeM ek isamrofnI .tpeD citsigoL

daeH

isamrofnI miriK ek kitsigoL

daeH .tpeD

mirigneM ek gnarab

kitsigol inarek rotnaKgnabaC

2 BrtPS

kitsigoL inareKgnabaC rotnaK

EB

1 BrtPS

81

EB

1 BrtPS

81

taubmeMBPL

EB

BrtPS

32

1 BPL

TisnatnukA .gaB

netsisA esuoheraWgnabaC rotnaK

:nagnareteKgnaraB ratnagneP taruS : BrtPS

gnaraB naamireneP naropaL : BPLisidepskE itkuB : EB



611

etiS rotnaK TIG netsisA

71

EB

21 BrtPS

amireneM irad gnarab TIG netsisAtasuP rotnaK

EB

21 BrtPS

nakirebmeM ek isamrofnI .tpeD citsigoL

daeH

isamrofnI miriK ek kitsigoL

daeH .tpeD

mirigneM ek gnarab

kitsigol inareketiS

2 BrtPS

EB

1 BrtPS

91

EB

1 BrtPS

91

taubmeMBPL

EB

BrtPS

32

1 BPL

TisnatnukA .gaB

02

12

:nagnareteKgnaraB ratnagneP taruS : BrtPS

gnaraB naamireneP naropaL : BPLisidepskE itkuB : EB



711

repeeK kcotS

22

BPL

amireneM irad BPL

netsisA TIG etiS

retsigereMBPL

BPL tupnigneM margorP ek

porC/tuM-I

BPL

32

aiv atad miriK ek tenretni TIG netsisAtasuP rotnaK

:nagnareteKgnaraB naamireneP naropaL : BPL

nagaB .8.5 rabmaG A ril naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS M natalareP nise .TP ZYX )natujnaL(


811

11

OP

T

12

BPL

ek mirigneMrepeeK kcotS

22

52

gnaduG utraK

isasirotogneMgnaduG utraK

gnaduG utraK

iaseleS


: OP redrO esahcruPgnaraB naamireneP naropaL : BPL

esuoheraW netsisA

nagaB .8.5 rabmaG A ril naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS M natalareP nise .TP ZYX )natujnaL(


911

metsis padahret nakukalid gnay halasam isakifitnedni nakrasadreB

halasam nakumetid ,ZYX .TP nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep

gnay metsis narila nad ada gnay metsis naanaskalep nagned tiakret

malad nakrabmagid trahcwolf .kiab gnaruk araces rabmagret ini laH

idajnem naahasurep malad ada gnay naaidesrep metsis nakbabeynem

silunep akam ,naahasurep ajrenik gnajnunem kutnu lamitpo gnaruk

gnay nisem natalarep naaidesrep metsis nagnacnar nalusu nakirebmem

urab gnay nagnacnar metsis nalusu naparah nagned urab upmam

.naahasurep igab kiab gnay isubirtnok nakirebmem nad utnabmem

gnay naaidesrep metsis nagnacnar nalusu ianegnem salejnep nupadA

irad ialumid tapad urab resu naiakamep naatnimrep nakujagnem gnay

id gnay gnarab naraulegnep nanohomrep taubmem nad gnarab nakisasilaer

tubesret nemukod naidumeK .gnaraB naraulegnep omeM nemukod malad

ek nakmirikid daeH noitartsinimdA etiS taruS idajnem haloid kutnu

ek nakmirikid naka aynitnan gnay agit pakgnar gnaraB naraulegneP

netsisA naigab esuoheraW aulegneP taruS akiteK . amiretid gnaraB nar

netsisA helo esuoheraW nakukalem nad tubesret nemukod askiremem

gnaraB naraulegneP taruS nakmiriegnem ayntujnales gnay isasiroto

nakgnades gnaraB naraulegnep naigaB adapek aud rabmel nad utas rabmel

b ek ilabmek nakmirikid agitek rabmel naiga daeh noitartsinimda etis

.nakpisraid kutnu

naigaB helo amiretid halet gnay gnaraB naraulegneP taruS

atnimid gnay gnarab nakraulegnem kutnu nakanugid gnaraB naraulegneP


021

helo resu naaidesrep sata nakecegnep nakukalid aynmulebes numaN .

ada gnay gnarab atnimid gnay gnarab akiteK .tubesret gnadug maladid

helo resu nakmirikid tubesret nemukod akam ,iakap pais naadaek malad

helo nakulrepid gnay gnarab nalibmagnep kutnu kitsigol inarek naigab ek

resu ug maladid naidesret kadit nakduskamid gnay gnarab akiteK . ,gnad

naatnimreP omem taubmem areges naka gnaraB naraulegneP naigaB akam

naka aynitnan gnay BPS sata nakrasadid gnay gnaraB naadagneP

netsisA ek nakmirikid esuoheraW .itujnal kadnitid areges kutnu

naigab helo taubid halet gnay gnaraB naadagneP naatnimreP omeM

kadnitid naka gnarab naraulegnep - netsisA helo itujnal esuoheraW nagned

nanohomreP nad gnaraB naadagneP nanohomreP taruS taubmem

ek nakmirikid naka gnay isasiretupmok araces ayaiB naraulegneP

oC daeH eettimm aiv liame netsisA helo nakmirikid gnay nemukoD .

esuoheraW id areges daolnwod kadnitid nad - nad taubmem nagned itujnal

nanohomreP nad agit pakgnar nailebmeP naatnimreP taruS katecnem

dumek tubesret katecret nemukoD .aud pakgnar ayaiB naraulegneP nai

ek nakmirikid daeH .tpeD citsigoL aynkadit uata dilav askirepid kutnu

.tubesret katecret nemukod

katecret nemukod akam ,dilav kadit nakataynid nemukod akiteK

ek nakilabmekid naka tubesret daeh eettimmoc ilabmek askirepid kutnu

ay naigab ikiabrepid nad iaseles haleteS .dilav kadit nakataynid gn

ilabmek mirikid tubesret katecret nemukod ,ikiabrepid .tpeD citsigoL

daeH naigab akam dilav akitek nad ilabmek askirepid nad .tpeD citsigoL


121

daeH nagned amas ajrekeb hadus gnay kosamep ratfad askiremem areges

kahip .hilipid naka gnay kosamep nakutnenem kutnu naahasurep citsigoL

daeH .tpeD naidumek nad agraH narawaneP naatnimreP taruS taubmem

naatnimreP taruS nakmirignem haleteS .kosamep ek nakmirikid

,kosamep adapek agraH narawaneP daeH .tpeD citsigoL taruS amirenem

rasad iagabes agraH narawaneP taruS .kosamep irad agraH narawaneP

agraH nagnidnabreP taruS haleteS .agrah nagnidnabrep taubmem kutnu

,taubid daeH .tpeD citsigoL agraH nagnidnabreP taruS ilabmek askiremem

lo nakhutubid gnay gnarab nahutubek nagned tubesret .naahasurep he

kahip ,iauses akiteK daeH .tpeD citsigoL naka gnay kosamep nakutnenem

taubmem nad hilipid redro esahcrup .pakgnar amil kaynabes esahcruP

redro kutnu kosamep ek nakmirikid aud nad utas pakgnar redro nailebmep

.gnarab redro esahcruP ek pakgnar TIG netsisA naigab ek awabid agit

irad gnay gnarab akitek gnidnabmep nemukod iagabes kutnu tasuP rotnaK

.tasup gnadug ek gnatad kosamep nakgnadeS p redro esahcru ek pakgnar

netsisa ek nakmirikid tapme esuoheraw pakgnar nad nakpisraid kutnu

rikid amilek gnay nagnauek nagned tiakret isnatnuka naigab ek nakmi

.naahasurep helo nakukalid gnay nailebmep

gnay gnarab akiteK ,tasup rotnak gnadug id abit kosamep nakmirikid

nagned gnarab nakkococnem tasuP rotnaK TIG netsisa kahip akam

redro esahcrup alet gnay naailebmep irad amiretid h daeH .tpeD citsigoL

amiretid gnay gnarab akiteK .nakmrikid abit halet gnay gnarab nagned

TIG netsisa areges nagned akam iauses gnaruk gnay ada uata iauses kadit


221

adapek isamrofni nakirebmem tasuP rotnaK daeH .tpeD kitsigoL kutnu

akilabmegnem nagned iauses kadit gnay gnarab n redro gnay nailebmep

hadus nakmirikid gnay gnarab akitek numaN .naahasurep helo nakukalid

netsisa akam ,naahasurep kahip helo nasepid halet gnay apa nagned iauses

halimem areges nagned tasuP rotnaK TIG - gnarab naujut halim .tubesret

gnabac rotnak ,atrakaJ tasup rotnak kutnu halada tubesret gnarab naujuT

rotnak nad etis tasup rotnak igab nakutnurepid tubesret gnarab akiteK .

agit kaynabes gnaraB naamireneP naropaL haltaubid akam ,atrakaJ

netsisa ek nakmirikid naka amatrep pakgnaR .pakgnar esuoheraw rotnak

akgnar nad isnatnuka naigab ek nakmirikid naka audek pakgnar ,tasup p

atresreb nakpisraid naka agitek redro esahcrup gnarab ratnagnep tarus nad

.kosamep irad amiretid gnay

nad gnabac rotnak igab nakutnurepid mirikid gnay gnarab akiteK

nad tasup rotnak id aratnemes amiretid naka gnarab akam etis rotnak

ep kutnu nakpaisrepid gnisam naujut ek gnarab naisubirtsidnr - .gnisam

tarus taubmem taubmem halada tasuP rotnaK TIG netsisa irad saguT

ignipmadnem kutnu nakanugid gnay isidepske itkub nad gnarab ratnagnep

iapmas hadus nakmirikid gnay gnaraB .naujut ek nakmirikid akitek gnarab

id rotnak etis naknialem gnadug maladid amiretid gnusgnal kadit gnarab ,

TIG rotnak adap nakharesid etis atreseb amiretid tubesret gnaraB .

aud pakgnar gnaraB ratnagneP taruS inkay ayniatreynem gnay nemukod

rotnaK TIG netsisa naidumeK .isidepskE itkuB nad etiS nakirebmem

kahip adapek isamrofni daeH .tpeD kitsigoL mirikid gnay gnarab awhab


321

kitsigol inarek naigab ek nakmirikid naidumek gnaraB .amiretid halet

taruS nakgnades ,audek gnay pakgnar gnaraB ratnagneP taruS atreseb

d amatrep gnay pakgnar gnaraB ratnagneP nakanugid isidepskE itkuB na

netsisa helo gnaraB naamireneP naropaL taubmem kutnu rasad iagabes

rotnaK TIG etiS ek nakmirikid tubesret gnaraB naamireneP naropaL .

netsisa esuoheraw naigab ek nakmirikid naidumek nad isasirotoid kutnu

repeek kcots erid kutnu I margorp malad ek naktupniid nad retsig -

gnaraB naamireneP naropaL idajnem nabureb naidumek gnay porC/tuM

rotnak ek naropal iagabes nakmirikid pais gnay isasiretupmokret araces

taubmem inarek naigab ,ini naaidesrep metsis irad rihka iagabeS .tasup

ug utrak gnadug maladek kusam nad amiretid halet gnay gnarab irad gnad

netsisa ek nakmirikid naidumek gnay esuoheraw nad isasirotoid kutnu

.nakpisraid

gnay nad amal gnay metsis irad irad tahilret tapad gnay naadebreP

d nagnubuhreb gnay nataigek aumes halada urab naaidesrep metsis nagne

tasupret aumes gnarab naadagnep uata nailebmep nagned natiakreb gnay

nakhadumem kutnu nakduskamid ini laH .tasup rotnak id gnusgnal

nakparahid aggnihes gnarab nailebmep sura lortnognem nad nasawagnep

nagnarucek ignarugnem tapad - ucek tapad naknikgnumid gnay nagnar

gnabac rotnak ,tasup rotnak ,amal gnay metsis irad tahil atik akiJ .idajret

rotnak nakhab etis iridnes naaidesrep naailebmep nakukalem upmam

nagned isawaid asib gnaruk ilebid gnay gnarab padahret lortnoc aggnihes


421

res nad kiab natiakreb nakukalid gnay nagnarucek idajret kaynab ilakgni

.naaidesrep nailebmep kutnu nakanugid gnay ayaib nagned

gnadug maladid idajret gnay metsis nagned aynlah niaL etis

gnadac ukus halada ini susak malad gnarab naaidesrep padahret natatacnep

atalarep nisem n - kaditek idajret ilak gnireS .tiwas haub halognep nisem -

idajret nad gnadug maladid napmisret gnay naaidesrep naiauses htaed

kcots nahalolegnep malad aggnihes naahasurep nakajibek irad tabika

s nakatakid tapad nakhab lamitpo idajnem gnaruk naaidesrep ai - .ais

naaidesrep lortnokgnem upmam nakparahid ,gnadug utrak aynada nagneD

.lamitpo araces nakanugid tapad nisem natalarep naaidesrep nad ada gnay

.b isgnuF - tiakret gnay isgnuf

)1 resU

arac nagned gnadug id naidesret gnay naaidesrep nakanuggneM

gnay nanohomreP .gnarab naraulegnep nanohomrep taubmem

helo taubid resu naidumeK .gnarab naraulegnep omem apureb

isgnuf ek nakharesid tubesret gnarab naraulegnep omem etiS

daeH noitartsinimdA .tujnal hibel sesorpid aka aynitnan gnay

)2 daeH noitartsinimdA etiS

irad lasareb gnay gnarab naadagnep omem amireneM resu nad

taruS .)BPS( gnaraB naraulegneP taruS idajnem haloid naidumek

netsisA ek nakmirikid naidumek ini )BPS( gnaraB naraulegneP

esuoheraW isgnuf uti nialeS .isasirotoid kutnu noitartsinimdA etiS


521

daeH halet gnay gnaraB naraulegneP taruS nakpisragnem aguj

netsisA helo isasirotoid esuoheraW .

)3 netsisA esuoheraW

netsisA esuoheraW taruS isasirotognem nad askiremem sagutreb

)BPS( gnaraB narulegneP nakanugid areges tapad raga

nad naaskiremep nakukalid haleteS .aynisgnuf anamiagabes

naigab ek nakmirikid gnaraB naraulegneP taruS ,isasiroto

gnay gnarab iatreynem gnay nemukod iagabes gnarab naraulegnep

naraB naraulegneP taruS uti nialeS .nakraulekid naka aguj g

isgnuf ek mirikid daeH noitartsinimdA etiS .nakpisraid kutnu

netsisA isgnuf ,gnarab naadagnep lah malaD esuoheraW aguj

kutnu nakanugid gnay gnarab naadagnep omem amienem

adapek gnarab naatnimrep nanohomrep nakujagnem eettimmoC

daeH tsisA .liame aiv ne esuoheraW amirenem aguj esahcrup

redro irad nakmirikid gnay daeH .tpeD citsigoL .nakpisraid kutnu

netsisa ,gnarab naamirenep rudesorp malaD esuoheraw aguj

irad lasareb gnay )BPL( gnaraB naamireneP naropaL amirenem

TIG netsisA etiS ek nakmirikid naidumek kitsigol inarek isgnuf

.isasirotoid kutnu gnadug utrak idajnem haloid gnay

)4 gnaraB naraulegneP naigaB

resu helo gnarab naatnimrep gnarab nakecegnep nakukaleM

gnarab alibapA .)BPS( gnaraB naraulegneP taruS nagned iauses

ikilimem hisam nakuskamid gnay kcots makerem akam ,


621

naraulegneP taruS nakmirignem nad tubesret gnarab naraulegnep

kutnu hatnirep iagabes kitsigol inarek isgnuf ek gnaraB

helo atnimid gnay gnarab nakraulegnem resu akiteK . kcots gnarab

helo nakhutubid gnay resu ynitra malad ihunepid tapad kadit a

haltaubid akam ,sibah halet nakhutubid gnay gnarab naaidesrep

omem kutneb malad gnarab naadagnep naatnimrep nanohomrep

netsisa ek nakmirikid naidumek gnay gnarab naadagnep

esuoheraw .

)5 daeH eettimmoC

nailebmeP naatnimreP nanohomreP tarus taubmem nad amireneM

netsisa irad amiretid gnay ayaiB naraulegneP nanohomreP nad

nad )PPS( naailebmeP naatnimreP taruS naidumeK .esuoheraw

ek nakmirikid tubesret )BPP( ayaiB naraulegneP nanohomreP

daeH .tpeD citsigoL u kadnitid kutn - BPP nad PPS alibapA .itujnal

isgnuf helo nakilabmekid naka dilav kadit tubesret .tpeD citsigoL

daeH aud padahret gnalu naaskiremep nakukalid naka akam ,

.tubesret nemukod

)6 kitsigoL inareK

gnay nemukod iagabes gnarab naraulegnep tarus amireneM

m naatnimrep sata gnarab nakraulekid iatreyne resu amirenem nad

TIG netsisA irad gnarab etiS nad amirenem nataigek ada nagneD .

isgnuf akam ,gnarab napmiynem sugilakes gnarab nakraulegnem


721

uatnamem kutnu gnadug utrak taubmem kitsigol inarek

aidesrep nakaregrep .gnadug maladid ada gnay na

)7 daeH .tpeD citsigoL

irad amiretid gnay BPP nad PPS irad isadilav askiremeM

daeH eettimmoC ,dilav kadit nakataynid BPP nad PPS alibapa nad

ek nakilabmekid naka akam daeH eettimmoC askirep id kutnu

t BBP nad PPS ipatet naka ,gnalu akam dilav nakataynid tubesre

nagned agrah narawanep nakukalem kutnu sesorpid naka

,kosamep nagned ogen nakukalem halateS .kosamep esahcsup

redro .nakpisraid atres kosamep ek nakmirikid nad taubid tapad

)8 tasuP rotnaK TIG netsisA

amireneM redro esahcrup gnay irad lasareb daeH .tpeD citsigoL

nakukalem naidumeK .kosamep irad gnarab amirenem nad

aratna naaskiremep redro esahcrup mirikid gnay gnarab nagned

kaditek idajret akij ,kosamep helo - gnarab akam naiauses

amiretid gnay gnarab akiteK .kosamep ek nakilabmekid ,iauses

halipid naka gnarab akam - nad gnisam naujut nagned iauses halip

.nakisubirtsidid areges

)9 gnabaC rotnaK TIG netsisA

nakirebmem nad tasuP rotnaK TIG netsisa irad gnarab amireneM

adapek isamrofni daeH .tpeD citsigoL nasepid gnay gnarab awhab

etid halet gnaraB naamireneP naropaL taubmem naidumeK .amir

gnuggnatrep kutneb iagabes - .nabawaj


821

)01 TIG netsisA etiS

nakirebmem nad tasuP rotnaK TIG netsisa irad gnarab amireneM

adapek isamrofni daeH .tpeD citsigoL nasepid gnay gnarab awhab

gnaraB naamireneP naropaL taubmem naidumeK .amiretid halet

gnuggnatrep kutneb iagabes - naropaL naidumeK .nabawaj

isgnuf ek nakmirikid gnarab naamireneP .repeeK kcotS

)11 repeeK kcotS

rad lasareb gnay gnaraB naamireneP naropaL amireneM netsisA i

ek nakkusamid nad retsigerid naidumek gnay gnaraB naamireneP

I margorp - .porC/tuM

.c trahcwolF naahasurep malad naknaskalid gnay rudesorP )rihka nagab(

)1 gnarab naadagnep rudesorP

naigab ini rudesorp malaD daeH .tpeD citsigoL nakukalem

rab narawanep naka gnay agrah ianegnem kosamep adapek gna

gnay gnarab naatnimrep ada anerak lucnum ini laH .itakapesid

helo nakhutubid resu .naahasurep nataigek nakukalem kutnu

naadagnep nanohomrep taubmem gnadug kahip naikimed nagneD

adapek gnarab daeH ettimmoC ek gnay helo naksuretid naidum

daeH .tpeD citsigoL .

)2 gnarab naamirenep rudesorP

naigab ini rudesorp malaD repeek kcots naamirenep nakulalem

.tasuP rotnaK TIG netsisA irad nakisubirtsidid gnay gnarab


921

)3 )naaidesrep gnarab naiakamep( gnarab naraulegnep rudesorP

taruS amirenem gnarab naraulegnep naigab ini rudesorp malaD

naatnimrep sata isasirotoid halet gay gnarab naraulegneP resu

gnarab naraulegnep naigaB .gnarab iakamem kadneh gnay

naka nakecegnep nakukalem naidumek kcots gnay gnarab

em naidumek nad ,nakhutubid gnarab naraulegnep tarus nakhareyn

gnarab nakraulegnem kutnu kitsigol inarek isgnuf naigab adapek

.nakhutubid gy

)4 rudesorP gnarab nailabmegnep

nakukalid ,tasuP rotnaK TIG netsisA helo amiretid gnarab akiteK

kosamep irad amiretid gnay gnarab sata nakecegnep nagned

gnarab padahret naiauseskaditek ada akiteK .nailebmep nemukod

kosamep adap ek nakilabmekid gnarab akam ,nasepid gnay

.nanasep iauses kadit gnay gnarab ruter iagabes

tapad sataid nakiaruid halet gnay nagnacnarep nad sisilana nakrasadreB

mukgnarid halasam sata naklusuid gnay nakiabrep irad itni - idajret gnay halasam

:nial aratna ,naahasurep malad id

.1 .gnaneweW nad saguT naigabmeP ,isasinagrO rutkurtS nagnacnaR

gnay rila nagab nakrasadreb nakhamejretid gnay isasinagro rutkurts nakiabreP

p helo ikilimid bawaj gnuggnat nakhasimem kutnu nakanugud gnay naahasure

gnay nakiabreP .ayngnanewew nad sagut atreseb ,saget araces lanoisgnuf

naigab adap katelret nakukalid daeh nimda etis gnaruk aynnaanaskalep gnay

naigab aggnihes lamiskam daeh nimda etis kukalem tapad araces aynsagut na


031

tapad gnarab naraulegnep gnukudnem gnay nemukod aggnihes lamiskam

nagneD .alup salej gnay isasiroto nagned kiab araces nakisatnemukodid

naigab naikimed daeh nimda etis .aynnaanaskalep malad lamitpo idajnem

katelret ayntujnales nakiabreP p adap gnay sagut naigabme surah nakhasipid

aratna naigab repeek kcots gnarab naraulegnep naigab nagned naigaB . kcots

repeek gnay naisubirtsidnep irad gnatad gnay gnarab amirenem sagutreb

.gnarab naamirenep naropal taubmem atres tasup rotnak helo nakukalid

nakraulegnem kutnu gnanewreb nad sagutreb gnarab naraulegnep naigaB

helo nakhutubid gnay gnarab resu nadug id napmisret gnay nagned ,g

naigab naikimed repeek kcots igal kadit gnarab naraulegnep naigab nad

.adnag isgnuf ikilimem

.2 .gnaduG utraK nagnacnaR

natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis adap gnadug utrak nataubmeP

tacnep nahalasek risilaminimem kutnu nakanugid ZYX TP nisem nata

gnay naaidesrep isalukris tayawir nakirebmem gnadug utraK .naaidesrep

gnadug malad ek kusam gnay naaidesrep aggnihes naahasurep helo ikilimid

kutnu nanarep nakirebmem gnadug utraK .lortnokid tapad gnadug raulek nad

nay nagnutihrep nahalasek ignarugnem kisif naadaek hisiles adap haragnem g

helo nakanugid raulek gnay naaidesrep nagned gnadug id ada gnay gnarab

resu gnadug utrak malad makeret gnay naaidesrep halmuj naikimed nagned ,

.gnadug id adareb gnay naaidesrep kisif halmuj nagned nakococid tapad


131

.3 naR .niseM natalareP naiakameP nad naadagneP metsiS rudesorP nagnac

metsis narila utaus idajnem aggnihes ada hadus gnay rila nagab naksalejneM

naukalrep iapmas gnarab naadagnep rudesorp irad ialum natiakreb gnilas gnay

kadneh nad gnadug id iapmas akitek gnarab helo nakanugid resu rudesorP .

naka gnay gnarab naatnimrep aynada tabika idajret gnay gnarab naadagnep

helo nakanugid resu gnay gnarab irad ialumid ,naturureb araces nakrabmagid

adapek rotnak helo nasepid reilppus aynamiretid nagned naksuretid gnay

gnarab irad reilppus naisubirtsidneP .tasup rotnak gnadug ek nakmirikid gnay

gnay nanasep nagned iauses tasup rotnak helo nakukalid naidumek gnarab

nad gnabac rotnak kahip amiretid etis halet gnay gnarab akiteK .

ikilimid gnay TIG naigab id iapmas nakisubirtsidid nad gnabac rotnak helo

etis id napmiynem naidumek tubesret gnarab libmagnem gnadug naigab akam ,

helo nakanugid pais nad nanapmiynep gnadug resu .

naadaek halmuj irad lortnok idajnem gnadug utrak aynada nahabmat rudesorP

reb gnutihid gnay halmuj nagned kisif ignarukid amiretid gnarab nakrasad

naulrepek kutnu nakraulekid gnarab nagned resu naropal malad makerid gnay

gnarab halmuj isalutipaker ianegnem naksalejnem ini naropaL .naaidesrep

gnutihid halet gnay halmuj nagned iauses gnadug malad id ikilimid gnay

gned .gnadug utrak nakanuggnem na


231

IV BAB

PUTUNEP

.A nalupmiseK

,ZYX TP malad nakanaskalid nad helorepid gnay atad sisilana nakrasadreB

nakukalid tapad akam naahasurep malad metsis nagnacnarep nad sisilana

:nalupmisek taubid tapad aggnihes tubesret

.a s naanaskaleP p metsi naiakamep nad naadagne p natalare m id nise g gnadu

rumiT natnamilaK ZYX TP naahasurep isarepo gnukudnem pukuc hadus

kadit numan gnay metsis aumes nalajreb nagned iauses metsis rudesorp

nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep .ada gnay B aparebe

asamrep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis malad id lucnum gnay nahal

nad naalolegnep nagned tiakret naahasurep gnadug id nisem natalarep

eb gnay naaidesrep narila nahasimep nad naigabmep aynada halada nalajr

utrak aynada kadit ,gnadug naigabid idajret gnay gnanewew nad sagut

idajret ,gnadug kcots htaed nad trahcwolF ikilimid gnay naahasurep hisam

ab utaus nakrabmaggnem muleb nad salej gnaruk gnilas gnay rila nag

agnubuhreb gnay rudesorp nagned iauses kadit gnay halasam aparebeB .n

gnay nagnarucek gnaulep aynidajret nakbabeynem naahasurep ikilimid

nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis malad id idajret asib

.naahasurep ikilimid gnay

.b r nabawaj irad takgnareB adap naksalejid halet gnay halasam nasumu

halasam aparebeb isakifitnediid tapad ,amatrep gnay nalupmisek naigab

gnay babeynep nad halasaM .tubesret halasam aynidajret babeynep atreseb


331

natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis naanaskalep malad lucnum

nisem :halada naahasurep ikilimid gnay

.a gnay gnanewew nad sagut nahasimep nad naigabmep ada muleB

naaidesrep naigabid idajret gnadug naigab uata naigab aratna utiay

repeek kcots ab atres gnarab naraulegnep naigab nagned g gnadug nai

malad narep kaynab ikilimem gnay aggnihes gnadug id gnarab sura

sata id naksalejid halet gnay itrepes adnag isgnuf tahilret kaynab hisam

.halasam isakifitnedi naigab malad

.b kutnu nakanugid tapad gnay gnadug utrak ikilimem muleb naahasureP

id ada gnay kisif araces gnarab halmuj lortnognem ini lah ,gnadug

t nakbabeynem idajre ayn naaidesrep kisif naadaek nagnutihrep hisiles

nagned naropal ada gnay naaidesrep .

.c idajreT d htae s kcot nemetraped irad urab nakajibek aynlucnum tabika

nakayadrebmem kutnu naahasurep helo ikilimid gnay SRC

.takaraysam D kcots htae muleb nakanerakid isataret muleb ini amales

rutagnem kutnu nakanugid tapad gnay nakajibek aynada naigabes

naaidesrep nisem natalarep gnay aggnihes ikilimid aynidajret ucimem

kcots htaed helo ikilimid gnay naaradnek gnadac ukus naaidesreP .

asurep iakapid kadit idajnem naah id anerak nak awes nakukalem surah

lakol takaraysam adapek naaradnek .

.d trahcwolF ikilimid gnay naahasurep hisam muleb nad salej gnaruk

ratna nagnubuhreb gnilas gnay rila nagab utaus nakrabmaggnem

gnay nemetraped reb tiak na ,gnarab naadagnep lah malad itrepes


431

.gnarab naraulegnep nad naiakamep ,gnarab naisubirtsidnep trahcwolF

,naiakgnar utas malad naaidesrep sura nakrabmaggnem muleb tubesret

sutupret gnay naiakgnar idajnem hisam numan - .sutup

p metsis nagnacnareP e nad naadagn naiakamep p natalare m id nise g gnadu

rumiT natnamilaK ZYX TP gnay nataigek naiakgnar adap nakrasadid

nad nahaburep aparebeb tapadreT .naahasurep malad id nalajreb halet

nad lamitpo gnay metsis nagnacnarep isulos nakirebmem kutnu nakiabrep

rep nakradnihgnem metsis malad id nagnarucek kadnit irad naahasu

pe naiakamep nad naadagn p natalare m nise nakukalid gnay nagnacnareP .

gnay rila nagab nagnacnarep ,isasinagro rutkurts nagnacnarep :nial aratna

.gnadug utak nagnacnarep nad nemukod nad gnarab sura nakrabmaggnem

nad gnarab sura nakrabmaggnem gnay rila nagab nagnacnarep adaP

idajret gnay gnarab sura adap nahaburep nakirebmem itilenep ,nemukod

sesorp utaus idajnem aggnihes nemetraped paites adap gnilas gnay

ialumid ,natiakreb res sesorp rihka aggnih sesorp lawa irad naksalejnem at

p iatreynem gnay nemukod narila tubesret gnarab nanalajre ek iapmas

.gnadug malad P kutnu nakanugid gnay gnadug utrak nahabmane

araces gnutihret gnay gnarab hisiles idajret kadit raga gnarab lortnognem

id ada gnay nagned kisif naropal idesrep .naa

.B naitileneP nasatabreteK

nakirebmem kadit naaidesrep nagned tiakret gnay nawayrak aparebeB

naalolegnep rudesorp gnatnet ihadamem gnay isamrofni uata nasalejnep


531

metsis nagned natiakreb gnay naaynatrep nakujaid akitek naaidesrep

naiakamep nad naadagnep metsis nasalejneP .naahasurep nisem natalarep

gnaruk ikilimid gnay naahasurep nisem natalarep naiakamep nad naadagnep

rudesorp naksalejnem uata POS nakisaterpretnignem itilenep aggnihes ,salej

nalajreb gnay .

.C naraS

padahret nakukalid gnay naitilenep lisah nakrasadreB naanaskalep metsis

pe naiakamep nad naadagn p natalare m nise , nakisadnemokerid naras aparebeb

:nial aratna

.1 nakukalem tapad itilenep nakparahid gnatad naka gnay naitilenep adaP

nakanuggnem metsis sisilana d )DFD( margaid wolf ata nakrasadid gnay

irad trahcwolf naitilenep lisah urab nakukalid gnay .ini naahasurep ataD

d wolf )DFD( margai isasiretupmokret araces ini metsis salejrepmem naka

.naahasurep igab hibel gnay isubirtnok nakirebmem upmam aynitnan gnay

.2 rtS sagut ,isasinagro rutku - gnacnarid halet gnay gnanewew nad sagut

apad nakparahid ini naitilenep malad naklaminimem kutnu nakparetid t

.tiakret gnay naigab ratna adnag isgnuf aynidajret

.3 pad nakparahid gnacnarid halet gnay gnadug utraK kutnu nakanugid ta

inimem naklam nagned tiakret gnay nagnutihrep natatacnep nahalasek

.naaidesrep naropal malad halmuj nagned naaidesrep kisif halmuj

.4 D kcots htae nakparahid gnay nakajibek haubes nakrikipid areges nagned

ret nahalasamrep nakhacemem nad rutagnem kutnu nakanugid tapad tubes


631

gnuggnatid surah gnay natusuynep ayaib ignarugnem upmam aggnihes

naahasurep helo edoirep paites malad .

.5 uata rila nagab adap nakiabreP trahcwolf naahasurep ikilimid gnay

naahasurep helo ikilimid gnay rudesrop salejrepmem kutnu nakduskamid

lawareb gnay naaidesrep nakukalrep aggnih naaidesrep naadagnep irad

nanapmiynep gnadug id iapmas akitek atres nakiabreP .nakanugid kadneh

rudesorp narila kutnebmem gnay naigab ratna natiakretek naksalejnem ini

.urab gnay nisem natalarep naaidesrep nemukod nad


731

D AKATSUP RATFA

.attaH ainamhaR azileH nad leinataN ,negneD isamrofnI nagnacnareP .9002.resaP netapubaK hareaD hatniremeP udapeT akitamrofnI lanruJ 4 .loV ,

.adniramaS.1 .oN

.5002 .otnayigoJ ,onotraH natakedneP :isamrofnI metsiS niaseD isilanA .sinsiB isakilpA ketkarP nad iroreT rutkurtesreT :atrakaygoY tibreneP

.tesffO idnA

,onotraH otnayigoJ . .7002 sinsiB naitileneP igolodoteM .7002 isidE , :EFPB .atrakaygoY

adap ytilibaliavA hgiH metsIS nagnacnareP nad sisilanA .0102 .nahoJ ,inajardnI .A .TP akitamrofnI nad metsiS lanoisaN isnerefnoK .ilaB ,

metsiS nagnacnareP nad sisilanA .5002 .la.ta ;edaM itsuG I ,nawamraKBCS .TP gnagaD gnatuiP nad nalaujneP isamrofnI uJ . tcApmoC lanr .loV ,

.atrakaJ .1 .oN 2

.8002 ,idayluM isnatnukA metsiS abmelaS .tapmeeK nakateC ,agiteK isidE ,.atrakaJ :tapmE

nagnacnareP nad sisilanA adap DRE nad DFD naanuggneP .7002 .irdnA ,ayajiWivreS nanayaleP nad gnadaC ukuS nalaujneP isamrofnI metsiS .TP adap ec

.odniliboM ujaM artiM irtsudnI kinkeT lanruJ .gnabmelaP .2 .oN 7 .loV ,

.9891 ,MH ,otnayigoY niaseD nad asilanA .atrakaygoY ,tesffO idnA ,

.akitrakrunasinna .8002 /moc.sserpdrow isinifed egnep metsis nagnabmetsis+nagnabmegnep=q&baysp=tneilcs&ne=lh#/moc.elgoog.www//:sptth

8002+asma+asma+m 1102 rebmetpeS 02 laggnat seskaiD .

.akitrakrunasinna .8002 /moc.sserpdrow fed isini - gnep metsis nagnabme/60/11/8002/moc.sserpdrow.akitrakrunasinna//:ptth nagnabmegnep isinifed

1102 rebmetpeS 02 laggnat seskaiD .metsis

.metsiS nagnabmegneP sesorP .9002 .aweD ,uyaB sesorp/70/30/9002/moc.sserpdrow.72uyabawed//:ptth - nagnabmegnep -

/metsis 1102 rebmetpeS 82 laggnat seskaiD .

.)yrotnevnI( naaidesreP nairegneP/isinifeD .9002 .rafnaD naitregnep/13/30/9002/moc.sserpdrow.etisnad//:ptth - naaidesrep -

/yrotnevni 1102 rebmetpeS 82 laggnat seskaiD .

aisepikiW .metsiS naitregneP .1102 .3mtsuJ naitregnep/moc.zzafadi.www//:ptth - php.metsis 12 laggnat seskaiD .

1102 rebmetpeS


831

metsiS niaseD nad sisilanA malad nagnacnarep isinifeD .9002.nidumajdaL .isamrofnI www . /182840021/scod/moc.cotscod 12 laggnat seskaiD .

1102 rebmetpeS

.metsiS sisilanA naitregneP .1002 .irtnoJ ,nahapkaP /52/90/7002/moc.sserpdrow.irtnoj//:ptth naitregnep - sisilana - /metsis .

1102 rebmetpeS 32 laggnat seskaiD

.metsiS nagnabmegneP naitregneP .0102 .oreH ,osokarP oreh//:ptth - tregnep/30/0102/moc.topsgolb.osokarp nai - nagnabmegnep -

lmth.metsis 1102 rebmetpeS 42 laggnat seskaiD .

.isnatnukA metsiS naitregneP .0102 .edoalirmayS gnitirw/moc.gnoovhs.di//:ptth - dna - kaeps 1641602/gnitneserp/gni -

naitregnep - metsis - /isnatnuka 1102 rebmetpeS 12 laggnat seskaiD .

.edoalirmayS sineJ nad ukaB nahaB naitregneP .0102 - .aynsineJ gnitirw/moc.gnoovhs.di//:ptth - dna - 4451602/gnitneserp/gnikaeps -

naitregnep - nahab - ukab - nad - /sinej 1102 rebmetpeS 92 laggnat seskaiD .


931

NARIPMAL


041

1 naripmaL

:aracnawaw naaynatrep ratfaD

.1 ?naahasurep ayniridreb harajeS

.2 gnadug isakoL ?tiwaS apaleK kirbaP

.3 ?isim nad isiV

.4 ?tiwaS apaleK kirbaP ahasU

.5 ?tiwaS apaleK kirbaP id ada gnay ajas apa naigab uata isiviD

.6 nagned tiakret( gnadug id nisem natalarep naaidesrep metsis rudesorP

?)naaidesrep naiakamep iapmas naadagnep

.7 srep naadagnep rudesorP ?naaide

.8 ?gnadug ek gnarab naamirenep rudesorP

.9 ?gnadug irad gnarab naraulegnep rudesorP

.01 ?gnadugid taubid gnay naropal ajas apA

.11 rudesorp nagned tiakret gnay ajas apa nemukoD - ?ada gnay rudesorp


141

2 naripmaL

EB/BPL/BPS mroF


241

3 naripmaL

nailebmeP naatnimreP taruS mroF


341

4 naripmaL

gnaraB naraulegneP naatnimreP taruS mroF


441

5 naripmaL

gnaraB naamireneP naropaL


an al isis dan pera n ca ngan siste m p enga … ud i kas us di pt. xyz kali mantan t i mu r s krip...

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