xsense2 - nano-tera 2016
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Lothar Thiele, Jan Beutel
Andreas Vieli
Alain Geiger
Hugo RaetzoChristofer Hierold, Cosmin
Computer EnginETH "uri#h
$h%si#al Geogra
Geodes% and $h"uri#h
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Why?
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Dev
elop
men
tof
earl y
warn
ing
systems
New scientic
knowledge abotgeophysicalprocesses
Wireless Sensor Network allos to .uantif% mounta
at diverse modalities and
pro'ides information for punderstanding and model
#an /e used for safety criapplications in an hostile
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2""#
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2""#
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2"$%
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Randa, 110 April 1234
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&ow?
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Camera
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Camera
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sensor
prepro#essing
data #leaning5 pro#essing
geoph%si#alpro#esses
#ommuni#ation
Camera
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sensor
prepro#essing
data #leaning5 pro#essing
geoph%si#alpro#esses
#ommuni#ation
Camera
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!he Science
- Sensing -
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-ensing mi#roseismi# and a#ousti#a#ti'ities
/ig data high energ% hig
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senso
r
prepro#essing
data #leaning5 pro#essing
geophpro#e
#ommuni#ation
'rom !era !o Nano
Nano
!owards (ero )ower Sensing and
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!owards (ero )ower Sensing andDecision *aking
A#ousti#
Emission
• E'en
s
+opled mass amplier Detection by electmechanical trigge High onoff ratios (
operation 'oltages 7measured0
A design #om/ining 4masses ith ultra smnm6 has /een su/mitfa/ri#ation0
're,ency selectiveamplication 9up to:;26 at ero powere.pense has /eendemonstrated0(Patent applicationled)
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Stats
Idle state Triggered stateAE stimulus
Contact
stoppers
Spring
Mass
De
'lly encapslated devices ith ultra#lean -isurfa#es for reliasit#hing are being fabricated using the Epi-eal pro#ess at theStanford Nanofabrication 'acility 9-N(6 hosted /% the +i#ro-tru#tures 5 -ensors La/orator% 9de'i#es e:pe#ted /a#! June 123
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'tre - /pscaling
Additional masses areadded in the handle laof the -)< afer0
30;#m
• Sensitive
• axis Cross-section
E:isting de'i#e ith #oupledmasses in the de'i#e la%er ofthe -)< afer0
$ro#ess and design studiesan e:ample, su#h a design fun#tional su/strate la%ers
/aselineampli>#ation of 42
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!heScience- +ompting -
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sensor
prepro#essing
data #leaning5 pro#essing
geoph%si#alpro#esses
#ommuni#ation
Camera
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+hallenges
adaptive
low epredictable
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What all the others did 0
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What all the others did 0
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What all the others did 0
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Can we expect that this construction w
reliably and efficiently
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•Synchronos!ransmissions
•- a disrptive concept -
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'looding or broadcasting withsynchronos transmissions
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1ne node starts the ood by transmitting the mess
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3ll receivers relay the same message at the sa
Nodes blindly relay no e.plicit ro
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Nodes blindly relay4 no e.plicit ronetwork state
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6eslts
1rder of magnitde more reliable than !non proto#ols0
!ested ith netor!s of hundreds ofnodes on test/eds all o'er the orld0
'ormally veriable 9realtime, #onsensus, energ%60
&igh impact 9more than 8;2 #itations to papers so far60
7est paper aards0
)al +aspi 3ward for $h? thesis of +ar#o "immerling0
System +hallenges
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System +hallenges
adaptive
low epredictable
System +hallenges
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System +hallengespredictable
adaptive
low esleep well
operate efficiently
wae-!p "!icly
switc# gears "!icly
a$oid interference
Wi l S i )l tf
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Wireless Sensing )latform
Classic Architecture Event-Based Architecture
memory
interference
time-
interferencepower-
interference
BOLT
Wi l S i )l tf
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Wireless Sensing )latform
Classic Architecture Event-Based Architecture
memory
interference
time-
interferencepower-
interference
BOLT
firewall
Wi l S i )l tf
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Wireless Sensing )latform
Classic Architecture Event-Based Architecture
memory
interference
time-
interferencepower-
interference
BOLT
Event-Based Architecture D
Wi l S i )l tf
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Wireless Sensing )latform
Classic Architecture Event-Based Architecture
memory
interference
time-
interferencepower-
interference
BOLT
Event-Based Architecture D
8vent 7ased System 3rchitectre
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8vent-7ased System 3rchitectre
Event,-ased Architecture
Sensor %nterface
&re-&rocessing
Wireless Comm!nication
32 sleep poer
7 3 s time s%n#hronization
"
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!he Science
- 3lgorithms -
+hallenges
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+hallenges
!owards real-time haard alerting
?ete#tion of mo'ements instead of stati# positions
High a##ura#% 9#m6 ith #ommodit%lo#ost L3 G$- sensors
Redu#e initialization time from minutesto se#onds
Stats
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Stats3pproach9
*ovement detection /% estimationof re#ei'er 'elo#it% from ?oppler o/ser'ations
to F satellites0
3chievements9
• lter and ostrategies0
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!he Science
- :eophysics -
'rom !era !o Nano
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senso
r
prepro#essing
data #leaning5 pro#essing
geophpro#e
#ommuni#ation
'rom !era !o Nano
Nano
*ovements of Slopes in )ermafrost
J
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*ovements of Slopes in )ermafrost
:eophysical ;nterpretations9
?ete#t strong and rapid temporal 'ariations of mo'emen
Variations strongl% lin!ed to periodse'ents of high ateinput
inter de#eleration lin!ed to inter temperatures
J
Airgroundtemperature
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Can we make use of subsurface information fromicroseismics and acoustics for
process modeling and early warning
3costic 8mission )roling 8.perime
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101
103
105
M S / A E r a t e ( / d a y )
Seismometer (1-100 Hz)
Accelerometer (10-10 4 Hz)
AE CH1: Piezo R.45 (5-30 kHz)
AE CH2: Piezo R6a (35-80 kHz
Jul/15 Jul/20 Jul/25 Jul/30 Aug/04 Aug/09 Aug/14
-10
0
10
20
R o c k t e m p e r a t u r e ( ° C )
5 cm
20 cm
50 cm
Statistical analysis of signals' relations#ip (etween
fre"!encies and en$ironmental forces possi(le
3costic 8mission )roling 8.perime Colle#ting mi#roseismi#a#ousti# data from steep ro#!all
ide fre.uen#% range from 3 Hz to 82 !Hz
Continuousl% running sin#e -ept)#t 1234
Realtime data streaming
Novel +o-detection Strategy)erome *ailletta+, ani .r, %ngrid /eiweger'
Codetection of aco!stic emissions d!ring fail!
New perspecti$es for nat!ral #a+ard early wa
# i l / # tt 2013
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Novel +o detection Strategyeop#ysical /esearc# etters 2013
Cause: atten!ation of elast
propagating t#ro!g# t#e na
Effect:am(ig!ity in t#e intet#e magnit!de 4se$erity, o
of detection for e$ents awa
aco!stic sensor
Solution: 6 dense networena(les locali+ation of so!
determination of initial ene
eac# e$ent
Result: 7$ent co-detection
large fail!re e$ents T#eir f
occ!rrence is a prec!rsor f
recorded emissions of layered snow sample
1treach
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1treach
Wireless Sensor Networks in X-Sens
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Wireless Sensor Networks in X Sens.ield Site /atterhorn
Cracmeters
ST, sensor rods, t#ermistor c#ains
1 Meteo station
1 Networed camera, 1 8ig#-resol!tion camera
1 192 precision &S 4eica /S 1200 : &S on roc ridge 4slow deformations
: eop#ones 4;10 8+
1 %MS Seismic sensor system 4;100-1000 8+
1 !al-c#annel 6co!stic 7mission node 4;10 8+
.ield Site Dirruhorn01rabengufer
2: &S on composite landslides and on roc glaciers
5 &S as position reference stations
5 Simple temperat!re loggers per &S station
: Meteo stations 1 Networed camera, 2 8ig#-resol!tion cameras
.ield Site 2anda
W6N relay
2 Networed cameras
1 192 precision &S 4eica /S 1200
2 &S on rocfall
%ublic Access to Data 2epository
#ttp'99datapermasensec#
.ield Site %E2/3S
10 &S on composite landslides and onglaciers
.ield Site Saastal
2 &S on #anging glacier
1 &S as position reference station
1 8ig#-resol!tion camera
!echnology !ransfer and 1treach
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!echnology !ransfer and 1treach!ransfer of I-ense G$-sensors to other applications )86*1S 9$ermafrost +onitoring -itzerland6 +ontinos :)S )ilot
)rogram• 32: longterm monitoring sites operated in #olla/oration ith $ER+)-
&aard monitoring for athorities• +onitoring of destru#ti'e pro#esses on Breithorn, %sse -#hie,
LKngs#hnee and Grossgufer ith authorities and lo#al industr%
*lti-modal *onitoring of &anging :laciers• Ground/ased Radar, highresolution imaging and ireless G$- sensors
on a hanging gla#ier in Hoh-aas9ointl% ith BA(&, Canton V-, (un!VA, geoprae'ent6
'ast 'lowing :reenland 1tlet :lacier -iss -N( proe#t LthiVieli
)atent M+e#hani#al Transdu#er for the ?ete#tion of A#ousti#andor -eismi# -ignals
6!>N3 realtime G$- pro#essing 8ropean Navigation Satellite +ompetition
Swiss regional and 8S3 special prie to Tonio Gsell and "hengzhong -u
8!& )ioneer :rant 3pplication
+ar#o "immerling re#ei'es the)al +aspi *emorial Dissertation 3ward
Acknowledgeme
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8!& (rich
Computer Engineering and Netor!s La/
Geodes% and Geod%nami#s La/
+i#ro and Nanos%stems
/niversity of (rich?epartment of Geograph%
8)'<
?istri/uted
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Acoustic Sensor Installation
*aterial
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*ateriallogistics
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