what’s inside: news analysis news editorials map study mcqs descriptive … · 2018-07-25 ·...

The Hindu Daily Analysis, 15th April 2017What’s Inside:• News Analysis• News Editorials• Map Study• MCQs• Descriptive Question

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• Page1: Reform in Science set up sought [SPARK]1. HeadsofIndia’stopscientific,administrativebodieshavejointly

conveyedtoPrimeMinisterthatscienceinIndianeedsamajorrevamp.

2. Theyhaveproposedanover-archingscienceandtechnologybodythatmarriesresearchandindustry,andwillreportdirectlytothePrimeMinister.

3. Wehavelosttheabilitytorecogniseexcellenceamongstourown4. Inafalsesenseofegalitarianism,weoftenchosethemediocre

ateverylevel.

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• “EaseofDoingScience”• FinancialAdvisersareofficersdeputedfromtheUnion

FinanceMinistry.• Newauthority:SPARK(SustainableProgressthrough

ApplicationofResearchandKnowledge).

[104thIndianScience Congress washeldatTirupati inAndhraPradeshinJanuary2017

Theme‘ScienceandTechnologyforNationalDevelopment’.]

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• Page 9 : Judicial Opinion on Personal Laws need review.• FinMin: Judicial view that personal laws need not conform to

Constitutional rights would be reviewed in the near future. • Constitution Bench of the S.C. is scheduled

to hear a batch of petitions challenging whether personal law practices like triple talaq and polygamy violate the constitutional rights of Muslim women.

• Article 13: The Centre has in that case sought the court to re-openthe debate as to whether personal laws can be brought under the ambit of Article 13 (laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights) of the Constitution

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• IftheSupremeCourtagreesthatpersonallawsaretobeincludedinthedefinitionoflawsunderArticle13,à Then,aparticularpersonallawofareligionwouldbeheldtobeviolativeofthefundamentalrights.

• Freedomofreligion:TheCentrehasalsoaskedtheSupremeCourttodeterminewhether:thetripletalaq,nikah halala andpolygamyareprotectedundertheFreedomofreligionunderArticle25,andwhetherthisArticleissubjecttofundamentalrights,especiallytherighttolifeandfreedomofspeechandexpression.

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v CourtRulingsinthePast:(i)TheBombayHighCourthadheldthatpersonallawisnot

‘law’under Article13.(ii)WhenSupremeCourtwasaskedtoconsiderifunilateral

divorcebytalaq andpolygamywereviolativeofArticles14and15.Article14:RighttoEqualitybeforeLawArticle15:ProhibitionofDiscriminationonthebasisofReligion,Race,Caste,Sexorplaceofbirth.

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ArticlesinConstitutionArticle25.Freedomofconscienceandfreeprofession,practice

andpropagationofreligion.Article 26. Freedomtomanagereligiousaffairs.Article27.Freedomastopaymentoftaxesforpromotionofany

particularreligion.Article28.Freedomastoattendanceatreligiousinstructionor

religiousworshipincertaineducationinstitutions.

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v Keep out non-serious parties: MPs’ panel Registered-Unrecognised Parties: It is mandatory for every

Political Party to register itself with ECI.1. The Commission has, over a period of time, identified various

parties which have not contested polls since 2005 and has ‘delisted’ 255 of them.

2. There is a need to keep non-serious parties out of thepolitical system, and to ensure they do not misuse facilities like tax exemption.

3. Their registration should be regulated by law, suggested the parliamentary panel.

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4.Thepollpanelbelievesthatmostofthemexistonpapertohelppeopleconverttheirbackmoneyintowhitebyacceptingdonations.

5.Thepollpanelbelievesthatmostofthemexistonpapertohelppeopleconverttheirbackmoneyintowhitebyacceptingdonations.

[Thereareover1,780registered,butunrecognisedpoliticalpartiesinthecountry.]

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Page 10: International News. U.S. bombs Afghanistan.1. DeployedbytheUSmilitaryforthefirsttimeincombat.2. GBU-43MassiveOrdnanceAirBlastBomb(MOAB)isoneof

themostpowerfulnon-nuclearweaponsinthepossessionofanymilitaryworldwide.

3. Nangarhar ProvinceofAfghanistan.

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Aquicklookattwoofthesedeadlyair-deliveredmonstermunitions:1. AviationThermobaric BombofIncreasedPower: Alsoknownas

the‘FatherofAllBombs’(FOAB),itistheRussiananswertotheAmericanbomb.

2. GBU-43MOAB: Designedtodestroyundergroundfacilities,cavesandtunnels,theUShaddevelopedtheGPS-guidedbombforthe2003invasionofIraqbutitwasneverused.MOABdetonatesbeforehittingtheground(Concussivebomb)

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Business:‘MaintainEPFOinterestrateat8.65%’:MoL&E?DelayininterestcreditThelatesttusslebetweentheFinanceMinistryandtheLabourMinistryhasledtoadelayincreditinginterestamountfor2016-17toaboutfour

crore activesubscribers.

WhoistheheadofCentralBoardofTrustees?

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Editorial-International: China- Deal with N.Korea before it’s too late.

1. N. Korea might conduct its 6th Missile test today.2. PresidentDonaldTrump,whohasmadeNorthKoreaakey

foreignpolicyconcernofhisadministration.3. InlateMarch,theU.S.hadcommencedinstallationoftheso-

calledTerminalHighAltitudeAreaDefence(THAAD)anti-missilesysteminSouthKoreainresponsetomissiletestsbytheNorth

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4.U.S.andSouthKoreahaveemphasisedthatinterceptingtheNorthKorea’sadvanceddevelopmentofinter-continentalballisticmissileswastherealobjectivebehindthenewsystem.

5.ButapprehensivethatitsownnuclearinfrastructurewouldbeinevitablyexposedtosnoopingbytheTHAADradar,ChinahassoughttocounterSeoulwithtradeandtourismboycotts.

6.ThreatofunilateralactionagainstSouthKoreaintheeventthatChinafailstoreininNorthKoreamaypartlyechothemoodinWashingtonaftertherecentmissilestrikesinSyria.

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7. IftheChinesegovernmentviewsPyongyang’sgrowingnuclearcapabilitywithconcern,asitprofessesto,thenitmustdomuchtouseitsleverageefectively.

8. Merelystressingtheneedforapeacefulresolutiontotheconlict isnotenough.

9. Japan,Washington’simportantregionalally,wouldviewwithnolessconsternationanypotentialthreattostabilityinitsneighbourhood.

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10.HislatestpositiveobservationsonChinapointtoashiftfromopenconfrontationtoapossibleconstructiveengagement.

11.Notablehere,forinstance,isawillingnesstoeschewthepreviousrhetoriconChinaasacurrencymanipulator.

12.Againstthisemergingbackdrop,areturntoareasonedandnuancedapproachonNorthKoreawouldbeamostpositivedevelopmentinthesevolatiletimes.Thatwould,however,requireaspectacularroll-backbyPyongyangofitscurrentnuclearcapabilitywhichincludeslong-rangemissilesthatcanreachtargetsinthePacific.

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Lead Article: China.• The14thDalaiLama,Tenzin Gyatso,wasinArunachalPradeshrecently,whichhasgreatlyruffledChina’sfeathers.• China calls ArunachalPradeshas‘Southern Tibet’• TheprolongedstayofHisHolinessintheTawang Monastery

wasobjectionabletoChina.• DalaiLamaspokecriticallyofChinaduringhispresentvisitto

ArunachalPradesh,somethinghehadpreviouslyavoided.

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• ChoiceofwordsbyDalaiLama,thistimeround:— “I’velongforgivenChina’sCommunistGovernmentforoccupyingTibet”;wesupporta‘OneChinapolicy’,“allwewantistherighttopreserveourculture,languageandidentity”;“the1.4billionChinesepeoplehaveeveryrighttoknowthereality(ofTibet)”,“oncetheyknowtherealitytheywillbeabletojudge”,“untilnowtherehasbeenonlyone-sided,wronginformation” -- thesewordswereboundtoirkChina.

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To top it up, ArunachalPradeshChiefMinister’sstatementthattheStatedidnotshareitsborderswithChinabutwithTibetand

askingIndiatosticktoits‘politicalpledges’andnothurtChina-Indiarelations.

[Rail lines: Themostambitiousamongtheseisthe378kmBhalukpong-Tenga-Tawang line innorthwestern ArunachalPradesh.Theothertwoarethe248kmlinetoAalo inthecentralandthe227kmlinetoParasuramkund inthesoutheastern partofthestate. ]

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• ItmustnotbeoverlookedthatthethatSino-Indianconflictof1962occurredsoonafterChina’sdisastrousGreatLeapForward,inwhichalargenumberofChineseperished,andtheDalaiLamafleeingTibetandtakingsanctuaryinIndia.In1962,Beijinghadmaskeditsintentionsskilfully,whileIndia,intheabsenceofanymajorovertactionbyChina,waslulledintoafalsesenseofcomplacency.

• Weneedtoensurethatthereisnorepetitionoflackofvigilonourpart.

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• TheTawang factorIndiancommentatorskeepreferringfromtimetotimetothefactthatChinahadshifteditsstandonTawang.Thismaybetrue,butthereislittledoubtaboutthecentralityofTawang (thebirthplaceofthesixthDalaiLama)inChina’sschemeofthingsforthisregion.DuringseveralroundsofdiscussionsontheSino-Indianborder,theChineseSpecialRepresentativeforboundarytalks,DaiBingguo,madeitamplycleartomethatTawangwasnon-negotiable.

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• In2005,ChinasignedanAgreementonthePoliticalParametersand GuidingPrinciplesfortheSettlementoftheIndia-ChinaBoundaryQuestion(DaiBingguo andIwerethesignatories)whichstipulatedthatareaswithsettledpopulationswouldnotbeaffectedinanyexchange.Evenbeforetheinkwasdry,ChinabegantodissimulateasfarasTawangwasconcerned.

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Currently,ChinahasjettisonedtheGuidingPrincipleslaiddownbyDengXiaoping,“coollyobserve...,hideyourcapacities,bideyourtime”.

Contd….

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TheOBORoutlier• ThroughOBOR,Chinaisconstantlyseekingwaystoisolate

India.• Itisengagedinbuildingadvantageouspowerrelations,

acquiringbasesandstrengtheningtieswithcountriesacrossAsia,Africaandbeyond.China’sOBORinitiativesignifiesitsnewoutreach,extendingfromtheeasternextremityofAsiatoEurope— theChina-PakistanEconomicCorridorrepresentsitsmostsignificantstrategicaspect— andhasthebackingofmostcountriesintheregion.

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India isanoutlierinthisrespect.• Inidia isperhapstheonlymajorAsiannationthathasnotyet

endorsedtheconcept.• IfasChinaanticipatesthatOBORhasthepotentialtoalterthe

statusquoacrosstheregionwithmostnationsacceptingalong-termcommitmenttoChina,IndiacouldfinditselffriendlessinAsiaandbeyond.

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Column: Anger against Doctors.1. Allreportssuggestthatmostofthesepatientscouldnothave

beensavedwiththeinfrastructureavailableintheinstitution,yettheirdeathshavebeenseenasacaseofneglectbymedicalpersonnel.

2. GrowingviolenceViolence againstdoctorsisnotnew.TheWorldHealthOrganisationpublishedguidelinesonhandlingworkplaceviolencein2002.

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WhyIncreaseinAttacks:Itisbeingsaidthatattacksaresymptomaticofalargermalaise,manifestedin:

1.generalincreaseinviolenceasamethodofdemonstratingpower,

2.lossoffaithininstitutions,3.angeragainstperceivedmarginalisation,and4.lackofunderstandingofscienceandsociety.

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Thepresenthealth-caresysteminIndiahasinequitybuiltin.Patientscansee

1.Thedemandbydoctorsforbetterpayisseenasselish.2. Ithastobecoupledwithdemandsforpatientcaresuchasbetter

access,betterfacilities,andmorepersonnelsothatindividualattentioncanbegiven.

3. Atpresent,mostdoctorsarenotadvocatesforpatients.Theyplayalongwithgovernmentsunwillingtospendonhealthcareandaccepttheprevalentviewthatprovidingpublicsectorhealthcareisafavourandnotaright.

4. Doctorsareseenasapartofthepowerstructure.

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1. Also,tremendoustechnologicaladvancesinmedicinearenotavailabletothemajorityinIndia.

2. Increasingprivatisation,corporatisationandcommercialisationofmedicalcarehaveensuredthatmanyprocedurescannotbeaccessedbythegeneralpublic.

Examplesoftheprivilegedhavingaccesstoextremelyexpensivecareintheprivatesectorpropagatestheideathatmodernmedicinecansalvageeventhemostcriticallyillprovidedenoughmoneyisspent.

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Whatcanbedone?1. Animmediatestepistoensureexemplaryactionagainst

violenceasameansofsettlingissues.2. Morelong-termmeasuresrequirevastlyimprovedhealth

infrastructure,fewerpatientsperdoctorinlinewithinternationalnorms.

3. Doctorsshouldparticipateinspreadingunderstandingofscienceandsociety.

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4.Peoples’committeesinhospitalswillbeawelcomestep.5.Theremustbeaconstantauditoftheworkinghoursof

medicalpersonnelandthefatigueddoctorshouldnotbeleftinthefrontlinetodealwithanemotionallychargedpublic.

6.Socialworkersincrucialdepartmentssuchasaccidentandemergencywardstohandleanxiouscrowdswillcertainlyreducethestressofalreadyoverburdenedpostgraduatesandhousesurgeons.

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MCQs For 14th April 2017.Q1. If a wetland of international importance is brought under the ‘Montreux Record’, what does it imply?(a) Changes in ecological character have occurred, are occurring or

are likely to occur in the wetland as a result of human interference.(b) The country in which the wetland is located should enact a law to

prohibit any human activity within five kilo metres from the edge of the wetland

(c) The survival of the wetland depends on the cultural practices and traditions of certain communities living in its vicinity and therefore the cultural diversity therein should not be destroyed

(d) It is given the status of ‘World Heritage Site’

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Q2. With reference to technologies for solar power production, consider the following statements:

1.’Photovoltaics’ is a technology that generates electricity by direct conversion of light into electricity, while ‘Solar Thermal’ is a technology that utilizes the Sun’s rays to generate heat which is further used in electricity generation process.

2. Photovoltaics generates Alternating Current (AC), while Solar Thermal generates Direct Current (DC).

3. India has manufacturing base for Solar Thermal technology, but not for Photovoltaics.

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Q3. Consider the following pairs:

1. Dampa Tiger Reserve : Mizoram2. Gumti Wildlife Sanctuary : Sikkim3. Saramati Peak : Nagaland

Which of the above pairs is /are correctly matched?(a) 1 only(b) 2 and 3 only(c) 1 and 3 only(d) 1, 2 and 3

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Q4. Which one of the following is the largest Committee of the Parliament?(a) The Committee on Public Accounts(b) The Committee on Estimates(c) The Committee on Public Undertakings(d) The Committee on Petitions.

The Estimates Committee, constituted for the first time in 1950, is a Parliamentary Committee consisting of 30 Members, elected every year by the Lok Sabha from amongst its Members. The Chairman of the Committee is appointed by the Speaker from amongst its members.

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Q5. The terms ‘Marginal Standing Facility Rate’ and ‘Net Demand and Time Liabilities’, sometimes appearing in news, are used in relation to:

(a) banking operations(b) communication networking(c) military strategies(d) supply and demand of agricultural products

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MCQs for 15th April.Q1.WhatwasthereasonforMahatmaGandhitoorganizea

satyagraha onbehalfofthepeasantsofKheda?1.TheAdministrationdidnotsuspendthelandrevenuecollectionin

spiteofadrought.2.TheAdministrationproposedtointroducePermanentSettlementin

Gujarat.Whichofthestatementsgivenaboveis/arecorrect?(a.)1only(b.)2only(c.)Both1and2(d.)Neither1nor2

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Q2. Consider the following statements : The most effective contribution made by DadabhaiNaoroji to the cause of Indian National Movement was that he

1. exposed the economic exploitation of India by the British;2. interpreted the ancient Indian texts and restored the self-confidence of

Indians;3. stressed the need for eradication of all the social evils before anything

elseWhich of the statements given above is/are correct?(a) 1 only(b) 2 and 3 only(c) 1 and 3 only(d) 1, 2 and 3

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Q3.MahatmaGandhiundertookfastuntodeathin1932,mainlybecause:

(a)RoundTableConferencefailedtosatisfyIndianpoliticalaspirations

(b)CongressandMuslimLeaguehaddifferencesofopinion(c)RamsayMacdonaldannouncedtheCommunalAward(d)Noneofthestatements(a),(b)and(c)givenaboveiscorrect

inthiscontext