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What’s Hot in AI & Ethics

Judy Goldsmith

University of KentuckyCollege of Engineering

Computer Science DepartmentLexington, KY, USA

Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 1 / 43

Overview

1 Autonomous Vehicles

2 Autonomous Weapons

3 Reproducing Human Bias

4 Validity of News

5 Privacy and Surveillance

6 Information Control

7 The Future of Employment

8 The Singularity?

9 Organizations and LinksAI Ethics-Related GroupsReports on the Future of AI

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Autonomous Vehicles

Autonomous Vehicles

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Autonomous Vehicles

Trolley Problems

The trolley problem: should you pull the lever to divert the runaway trolley onto the sidetrack? [Wikipedia] [Do you take responsibility for killing one person to save several? ]

If a Pokemon Go player wanders in front of a self-driving car, should it swerve, putting rider(s)and others at risk?

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Autonomous Vehicles

1

1Image from Trolley Problem Memes, Aljosa Toplak and Haris SehicJudy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 5 / 43

Autonomous Vehicles

There Are Other Issues

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Autonomous Weapons

Autonomous Weapons

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Autonomous Weapons

Robot Soldiers and Smart Bombs

If robots fight our wars, will fewer humans die?

Can robot decisions be tempered by compassion?

Can we program in the rules of war?

Can we program ethics? (Which ones???)

Could autonomous agents of war be hacked?

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Autonomous Weapons

Robot Soldiers and Smart Bombs

If robots fight our wars, will fewer humans die?

Can robot decisions be tempered by compassion?

Can we program in the rules of war?

Can we program ethics? (Which ones???)

Could autonomous agents of war be hacked?

Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 8 / 43

Autonomous Weapons

Robot Soldiers and Smart Bombs

If robots fight our wars, will fewer humans die?

Can robot decisions be tempered by compassion?

Can we program in the rules of war?

Can we program ethics? (Which ones???)

Could autonomous agents of war be hacked?

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Reproducing Human Bias

Reproducing Human Biases

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Reproducing Human Bias

ML Applications Based on Historic Decision Data

Mortgage loans

Bail decisions

. . .

See papers by FAT-SG speakers!

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Validity of News

Validity of News

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Validity of News

Recognizing and Generating Fake News

Can we determine the provenance of a news item?

Can we determine the validity of a news item?

Can we generate persuasive “news” items?

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Validity of News

Recognizing and Generating Fake News

Can we determine the provenance of a news item?

Can we determine the validity of a news item?

Can we generate persuasive “news” items?

Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 12 / 43

Validity of News

Recognizing and Generating Fake News

Can we determine the provenance of a news item?

Can we determine the validity of a news item?

Can we generate persuasive “news” items?

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Validity of News

How Can We Verify?

Tech That Makes the President into a Lip-Synching Puppet - The A... about:blank

1 of 1 7/18/17, 10:33 PM

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Privacy and Surveillance

Privacy and Surveillance

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Privacy and Surveillance

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Privacy and Surveillance

BCIs: What Could Possibly Go Wrong?

2

From June issue, IEEE Spectrum2From June issue, IEEE Spectrum

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Privacy and Surveillance

3

3From June issue, IEEE SpectrumJudy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 17 / 43

Privacy and Surveillance

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Information Control

Information Control

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Information Control

Who Controls What We See?

www.aljazeera.com

The Listening PostMedia

Facebook and the ethics of moderation

We examine Facebook's challenge in moderating content. Plus, the peoplemonitoring the social web.27 May 2017 11:55 GMT Media, Facebook, Social media

http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/listeningpost/2017/05/face...

1 of 4 7/9/17, 10:36 AM

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Information Control

De-anonymization

Combining separate studies on the same data creates information leaks

Also see Reza Shokri’s talk

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Information Control

Explanability ⇒ Manipulability

This was discussed in this morning’s panel

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Information Control

Profit vs. Social Welfare

Baidu axes health business to focus on artificial intelligence | Asia... about:blank

1 of 1 7/19/17, 1:24 PM4

4Of course, this has nothing to do with Wei Zexi.

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The Future of Employment

Mining Personality Indicators

It is allegedly easy to learn personality types from FB “likes”

Who uses that?

Advertisers

Political campaigns

Recruiters (companies, terrorists, . . . )

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The Future of Employment

The Future of Employment

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The Future of Employment

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The Future of Employment

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The Future of Employment

But Lawyers’ Jobs Are Still Safe, Right?

How Facebook AI-Based Visabot Will Help In Your Green Card A... about:blank

1 of 1 7/18/17, 10:32 PM

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The Future of Employment

Post-Scarcity or Post-Employment?

If robots and software agents take over manufacturing, farming, service industries, education,etc., what will people do?

How will we share the prosperity?

Will that come from governments or private sources?

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The Singularity?

Sentient AI?

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The Singularity?

Robot Sentience: Science Fiction . . . Or Is It?

Robot rights

Inadvertent evil (Bostrom’s paperclip scenario)

Intentional harm to humans: Skynet

. . .

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Organizations and Links

Organizations and Links

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Organizations and Links

Why I Have Hyperlinks on My Slides

These slides will be available through the workshop site.

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Organizations and Links AI Ethics-Related Groups

The Human Side

The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence Ethical Guidelines

Never AgainWe refuse to participate in the creation of databases of identifying information for theUnited States government to target individuals based on race, religion, or national origin.. . .

The IEEE Global Initiative for Ethical Considerations in Artificial Intelligence andAutonomous SystemsThe purpose of this Initiative is to ensure every technologist is educated, trained,and empowered to prioritize ethical considerations in the design and developmentof autonomous and intelligent systems.

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Organizations and Links AI Ethics-Related Groups

Autonomous Agents

Future of Life InstituteMission: To catalyze and support research and initiatives for safeguarding life anddeveloping optimistic visions of the future, including positive ways for humanity to steerits own course considering new technologies and challenges.

Campaign to Stop Killer Robots

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Organizations and Links AI Ethics-Related Groups

Industry Organizations

ROBOLAW.ASIAWe established ROBOLAW.ASIA Initiatives to investigate the intersection betweenartificial intelligence & law. Our main objective is to minimize risks from robots to anacceptable range.

The Digital Asia Hub At the core of the Hub is independent and interdisciplinary researchexploring both the opportunities and challenges related to digital technology, innovation,and society in Asia.

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Organizations and Links AI Ethics-Related Groups

(USA) Industry Organizations

Partnership on AIEstablished to study and formulate best practices on AI technologies, to advance thepublic’s understanding of AI, and to serve as an open platform for discussion andengagement about AI and its influences on people and society.

Diversity in Artificial IntelligenceInclusion | Balance | NeutralityPreventing racial, age, gender, disability and other discrimination

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Organizations and Links AI Ethics-Related Groups

Policy Organizations

The Future Society, AI Initiative

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Organizations and Links AI Ethics-Related Groups

Other Lists of Links

Ethics in Artificial IntelligenceThis is the website for a project based in the Computer Science Department, University ofOxford, Towards a Code of Ethics for Artificial Intelligence Research, which is beingcarried out by Professor Mike Wooldridge, Professor Peter Millican, and Dr. PaulaBoddington.

Alphabetical List of ResourcesHere we [the Oxford group] list the resources briefly discussed on the parent Resourcespage, or elsewhere on this site, as well as links to relevant professional bodies and theirstatements on ethics.

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Organizations and Links Reports on the Future of AI

White House Report on the Future of AI 2016

Stanford One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100)

European Civil Law Rules in Robotics

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Organizations and Links Reports on the Future of AI

European Civil Law Rules in Robotics

4. ANALYSIS OF THE ETHICAL PRINCIPLES TO DEVELOP IN ROBOTICS

4.1. Devising a general ethical framework for robotics: proposal to establish the mainroboethical principles for protecting humanity from robots

4.1.1. Protecting humans from harm caused by robots

4.1.2. Respecting the refusal of care by a robot

4.1.3. Protecting human liberty in the face of robots

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Organizations and Links Reports on the Future of AI

European Civil Law Rules in Robotics

4.1.4. Protecting humanity against privacy breaches committed by a robot

4.1.5. Managing personal data processed by robots

4.1.6. Protecting humanity against the risk of manipulation by robots

4.1.7. Avoiding the dissolution of social ties

4.1.8. Equal access to progress in robotics

4.1.9. Restricting human access to enhancement technologies

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Organizations and Links Reports on the Future of AI

Acknowledgments

The Science Fiction & Computer Ethics group: Nicholas Mattei, Emanuelle Burton, CorySiler, Sara-Jo Swiatek, John Ethan Fike, ...

Marie desJardin

Paula Boddington

Toby Walsh

Sven Koenig

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation underGrant No. 1646887. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendationsexpressed in this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the viewsof the National Science Foundation.

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