what makes a factory smart? from industry 4.0 to...

WhatMakesaFactorySmart?FromIndustry4.0toMakerspaces

MarkBünger,VPofResearch

LuxResearch,Inc.

mark.bunger@luxresearchinc.com

@MarkBungerLux

Whatdoesthefactoryofthefuturelooklike?

VWWolfsburg

TeslaGigafactory

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TechShop

MakeMedia/XeroxPARC

Twocommunitiesaimtofixmanufacturing’sfuture“Newmanufacturing” “Makermanufacturing”

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Twocommunitiesaimtofixmanufacturing’sfuture“Newmanufacturing” “Makermanufacturing”

Manufacturingisabouttoundergoaradicaltechnologicaltransformation…

combiningefficientlarge-scaleproductionwiththerapid,flexible,

scalablepowerofcommunicationsandbigdata.

GEviahttp://www.industrialinternet.com/

“Thedaysofcompanieswithnameslike‘GeneralElectric’and‘GeneralMills’and‘GeneralMotors’areover.Themoneyonthetableislikekrill:abillionlittleentrepreneurialopportunitiesthatcanbediscoveredandexploitedbysmart,creativepeople.”WelcometotheNewIndustrialRevolution.CoryDoctorowandChrisAndersoninMakers:TheNewIndustrialRevolution

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MakerFairegoestotheWhiteHouse

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“Iamproudtohostthefirst-everWhiteHouseMakerFaire.Thiseventcelebrateseverymaker—fromstudentslearningSTEMskillstoentrepreneurslaunchingnewbusinessestoinnovatorspoweringtherenaissanceinAmericanmanufacturing.Iamcallingonpeopleacrossthecountrytojoinusinsparkingcreativityandencouraginginventionintheircommunities.”PresidentObama,June17,2014

Discussion

Factoryautomation,digitaldesign,flexibleproductionmethods(e.g3Dprinting),andfrictionlesslogisticsareallchangingthescaleofmanufacturingandtopologyofsupplychains.Sothequestionswewanttodiscussare:

1.Willthesetechnologiesdrivecentralization,scaleup,andconsolidation–or

fragmentation,diversity,anddistribution?

2.Howwillthisvarybyindustry?

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Discussionstructure

  First15min:Prioritizetheissues  Whatarethestrongestdriversreshapingfactories?

  Whereishypebeyondwhatwilleverberealistic?

  Next15min:Explorenewapproachesandwhowill/mightwinandlose  Whatstrategiesshouldmanufacturerspursue?

  Whichdeveloperscanhelp?

  Finally:Identifykeyopenquestions,andnextsteps/partnerstoanswerthem  Howcanthebestofbothapproachesbeintegrated?

  Whataretheuncertainties,andhowcantheybeunderstoodquickly?

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Keytakeaways:Shapingthefutureofmanufacturing

  Changinghumandemographicswillshapethechangeinmanufacturing.Customerpreferenceisclearlychanging.Atthesametime,competitionisgettingmuchfiercer.Consumersdonotacceptstandard,mass-producedproductsanymore.

  Ineveryindustry,onecandecentralizetoacertainextent,butwherethatextentliesdependsperindustry.3Dprintingofsparepartsiseasytotalkabout,butitisanicheapplication.Bulkchemicals,ontheotherhand,isamajorindustryandmuchhardertodecentralizethan3Dprintingofspareparts.

  Themoreconsumergoodsarediversified,theharderitisforthematerialsuppliers.Agilityandflexibilityarekeytermstoadaptchange.

  Formaterialsuppliers,micro-plantconceptdoesnotapply.Itisaboutdatautilizationandaddingtheflexibilitytoswitch.Theone,whocanusethedata,maybethewinner.Itisnotaboutcollectingthedata,butclosingthefeedbackloopandmakingbestuseofit.

  Onewayofadaptingthechangeinlargecommoditychemicalscouldbeusingdatatomakesustainabilityandrecyclabilityapartofbusinessmodels.Figuringouthowtointegratetheseconceptsintomanufacturingoffersamoremeaningfulupgradetocurrentpracticethangoingsmall-scale.

  Transparencyofthevaluechainisimportantformakingthechangehappen.Ifthelogisticaspectswouldberesolved,decentralizationwillbecomemucheasier.

  Whilemanufacturingbecomesdecentralized,businessbecomesmorecentralized.Hundredcompaniesarecontrollingthe90%oftheglobalrevenuegenerated.Itheadstowardaconsolidatedbusinessmodelsraisinganotherquestion:Howtoconnectallthesedifferentunitsofacompanytogether?Andhowtodealwithresourcesreallocationwhenswitchingtoadecentralizedmodel?

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