what is subsurface equipment -...

What Is Subsurface Equipment?

A production/injection is equipped with many surface and subsurface equipment.

The surface equipment are x-mas tree, wellhead, surface safety valve, etc.

There are many subsurface equipment installed in a tubing string in order to perform their respective functions.

Types of Subsurface Equipment

Can be categorized as follows:

Subsurface safety equipment.

Flow control equipment.

Communication equipment.

Auxiliary equipment.

Subsurface Safety Equipment

Surface control subsurface safety

valve

Safety valve landing nipple

Production packer.

Well Completion &

Safety Valve

• Safety Valves

Subsurface Safety Valve Systems

● Primary Purpose

– Emergency well flow control

device

– Prevents losses

– Personnel, environment,

reserves, image

● Secondary Purpose

– Downhole Flow Control

– Allows for wellhead problem

corrections

– Serves as a secondary barrier

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Subsurface Safety Valve Systems

● Regulations

– API 14 A, Specification for SSSVs

– API 14 B, Install, operate SSSVs

– ISO 10432, Standard for SSSV products

– ISO 10417, Installation et al for SSSVs

– MMS, Department of the Interior

– CFR 250, USA federal laws

– International standard bodies

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Subsurface Safety Valve Systems

● Types of SSSVs

– Surface Controlled

• Tubing retrievable

• Slickline retrievable

• Others, pump-in-place: coiled

tubing

– Subsurface Controlled

• Velocity

• Injection

WIRELINE RETRIEVABLE SCSSSV

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CLOSURE MECHANISM

Flow Control Equipment

Flow couplings.

Blast joint.

Selective landing nipple

No-go landing nipple

Tubing plug

Seal units

Flow Control Equipment (Cont’d)

Check valves - installed in the tubing

string to prevent the back flow of

injection well.

Bottomhole chokes/beans and

regulators - to reduce the wellhead

flowing pressure and prevent the

freezing of surface controls and lines

by taking a pressure drop downhole.

Pulling tool

Pulling tool

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Wireline Unit

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Wireline

Communication Equipment

Sliding sleeve

Side-pocket gas lift mandrel

SLIDING SLEEVE

• Shifting tool

Shifting tool

Side Pocket Gas Lift Mandrel

INJECTION GAS

PRODUCED FLUID

PRESSURE (PSI)

DE

PT

H (

FT

TV

D)

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

0

1000 20000

OPERATING GAS LIFT

VALVE

CASING PRESSURE WHEN

WELL IS BEING GAS LIFTED

FBHP

SIB

HP

CONSTANT FLOW GAS LIFT WELL

KICKOVER TOOL

Components for Wireline Retrievable

Gas Lift

• Side Pocket mandrel

• Kick Over Tool

• Running Tool

• Pulling Tool

• Gas Lift Valve

• Valve Latch

Auxiliary Equipment

Double pin sub

Rigid blade tubing centralizer

Straight-slot or J-slot body

Mule/guide shoe.

Double pin sub

Seal unit

Muleshoe guide

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