welcome to the 6 mintek analytical science symposium the ... · 5th analytical science symposium...

SymposiumInvitationWelcome to the 6th Mintek Analytical Science Symposium

The EnvironmentFriday, 21st October 2016Mintek Auditorium

Mintek, together with SASS invites you to the annual analytical symposium

ProgrammeMorning Session: Programme Director – Mr Graham Sithole07:00 – 08:00: Registration(Tea/Coffee)08:00 – 08:10: OpeningandWelcomeCEO&PresidentofMintek:(MrAbielMngomezulu)08:10 – 08:20: MessagefromSASS(ProfRobMcCrindle)08:20 – 08:25: AuditoriumOrientation(MrGrahamSithole)

To submit abstracts and/or book your exhibition stand, contact Ms Dhiroshnee Govender: ASD Symposium Co-ordinator, +27 11 709 4210, dhiroshneeg@mintek.co.za or

Ms Clara Myanga+27 11 709 4046, claram@mintek.co.za

5th AnAlytiCAl SCienCe SyMpoSiuM 2015

“Quality in AnAlyticAl chemistry”

FriDAy, 30 oCtober 2015Mintek ConFerenCe Centre

A global leader in mineral and metallurgical innovation

Prospective authors are invited to submit titles and abstracts of their papers, in English.The abstracts should not be longer than 250 words.

Please diarise key dates:10 July 2015........................Closing date for submission of titles and abstracts

17 July 2015........................Acceptance of titles and abstracts

03 August 2015...................Closing date for submission of final paper

26 October 2015.................Closing date for submission of presentations

30 October 2015.................Symposium

Exhibitions: Exhibitors are welcome. Price per stall: R3 070 excl. VAT. Stall package: floor space of 2m x 2m; standard Mintek table with black table cloth; two chairs; refreshments for two and entrance for two to the presentations.

All payments for stalls no later than 1 October 2015

CAll fOR PAPERs & AbsTRACTs

08:25 – 08:50

Title: BROMINATEDFLAMERETARDANTSININDOORANDOUTDOORENVIRONMENTINSOUTHAFRICA:ANYNEEDTOWORRY?

Presenter: Prof. Okechukwu Jonathan Okonkwo

TheextensiveuseofchemicalflameretardantstomeetFlammabilityStandardsprovidesanexampleoftheneedtofirstconsidertheenvironmentalimpactsoffiresafetyinterventionsbeforeanyimplementation.Flameretardantshavebeenusedinproductswithpossiblehighlevelsofhumanexposure.InordertoassessthepresenceandlevelsofBFRsinindoorandoutdoorenvironment,dustfromconsumergoods,surfacewater,groundwater,landfillleachatesandsedimentareusedtoillustratetheirlevelsandrisks.

08:50 – 09:15

Title:WASTE,WATERANDCARBONFOOTPRINTASSTREAMLINEDINDICATORSFORSUSTAINABILITYINRESEARCHANDDEVELOPMENTSECTOR

Presenter: Mr Landu Landu

HowdoexecutivemanagementselectandemploystreamlinedindicatorstofacilitateR&Dactivitiesandprovideaserviceisamatterofsustainabilityinterestandpracticalsignificance.Waste,waterandcarbonfootprintmeasureshowmuchwaterandenergyanR&DorganisationconsumesandtheamountofwastegeneratedduringR&Dvaluechain.Waste,waterfootprintandcarbonfootprintarewell-knownindicatorswithsoundpublicperceptiontoassessenvironmentalperformanceandfurtherimprovetheSHEQaspectofthebusiness.Aresearchcouncilmaynotnecessarilyusehugequantitiesofnaturalresourcesandhumancapitalcomparablewithotherlargescalecompanies.However,anygivenR&Dorganisation,initsdailyactivitiesstill,consumeselectricity,producewastes,emitcarbon,providehumancapitaldevelopment,etc.Fromthisperceptionsuchanorganisationisnodifferentinitsaccountabilitywithrespecttosustainabilityachievementandstandards.Asarelativelysmallcontributortowaterscarcityaswellasgreenhousegas(GHG)emissions, immensepotentialexists intheR&Dsectorfordecreasingenvironmental impactsgeneratedfromR&DandconsumptionactivitiesasrequiredforSHEQinanyorganisationofthiskind.Inthispaper,waste,waterandcarbonfootprintsare reviewedforR&Doperationstoevaluatetheapplicabilityofsustainabilityconceptfortheservicesthattheorganisationprovidesto thepublicandprivateentities.Theresultsdemonstratedwellcomprehensivenessandpracticalityofwaste,waterandcarbon footprintsasefficientindicatorstosustainabilityoftheR&DactivitiesinlinewiththevisionstipulatedintheNationalDevelopmentPlanandcompliancetotheNationalEnvironmentalManagementAct,1998(ActNo.107of1998)ofthecountry.

09:15 – 09:40

Title:LASERABLATIONICP-MSASAMETHODTOQUANTIFYPRECIOUSMETALSINALLOYSPRODUCEDFROMELECTRONICWASTE

Presenter: Ms Candice Benesha Carelse

Aspartofitsinitiativesinurbanmining,Mintekisassessingwaystorecovermetalsfromelectronicwaste.Oneofthesemethodsispyrometallurgical,theaimbeingtosmeltprintedcircuitboardsinafurnace,andtocollectpreciousandothermetalsinthealloythatforms.Tobetterunderstandpreciousmetaldistributioninthesealloys,amethodwasdevelopedtoquantifyAuandAg,usinglaserablationinductivelycoupledplasmamassspectrometry(LA-ICP-MS).ParticularattentionwaspaidtoCu-richareas,owingtothehighaffinityofAuforCu.

TwoCu-Snphases,aPb-phase,aCu-Fephase,aFe-SiphaseandaFe-Cuphaseweredistinguishedinalloysfromtapsamples,usingscanningelectronmicroscopyandelectronprobemicroanalysis(EPMA).ResultsfromEPMAshowthatAuandAgarepresentinphaseconcentrationsofupto1100ppmand1.2%respectively,withdetectionlimitsof200ppmAuand300ppmAg.TheLA-ICP-MSmethodsuccessfullyquantifiedAuandAgdowntoconcentrationlevelsof39and340ppm,respectively.Uncertaintiesrangefrom4.80%relativeto3.93%relativeovertheconcentrationrange39ppm-340ppmAu.ForAg,uncertaintiesrangefrom4.38%relativeto5.9%relativeovertheconcentrationrange340ppm-2.6%.GoldisunderestimatedbyLA-ICP-MScomparedwithEPMA;thisisattributedtothelowAucontentofthecalibrationstandard.SilverconcentrationscomparewellbetweenEMPAandLA-ICP-MS.Themethodshowspromiseforsimilaranalysisofalloysingeneral.

09:40 – 10:05

Title:VIABILITYOFPRECIOUSMETALSANDBASEMETALSRECOVERYFROMe-waste

Presenter: Ms Zizile Mhlambiso

E-wasteisanemergingglobalurbanminingissue,drivenbytherapidlyincreasingquantitiesofcomplexend-of-lifeelectronicequipment.Wastemanagementofe-wastehasledtorecyclingtorecoverpreciousmetalsandsomeeconomicallyfeasiblebasemetals. Thisstudyisfocusedonproducingarepresentative,uniform85%lessthan75micronsub-sampleforanalyticaldeterminationstosupporttherecyclingmetallurgicalprocesses.Theprimarypreparationstepwasthefocustoensuretherequiredparticlesizeofthesample.Themassofthesub-samplewas1.47Kgwhichwaspulverisedandseparatedintoafineandacoarsefractionusinga1.7mmscreen.Thiswasfollowedbyrotarysplittingwitha10unitEriezrotarysplitter.Thecoarsefractionwasfurtherrotarysplitinto10units,5unitsrecombinedtoformasinglesplitof110g.Hence,twosplitsof110gfromthecoarsefraction.Thefinefractionwasrotarysplitinto10unitsofwhich2unitswasrecombinedtogive5finalsplitunitsof250g.Thefineandcoarsefractionswereashedat900oCfor6hourstodecomposethematerialtherebyenablingpulverisingtoagrind-sizeof-75µ.Particlesizedeterminationwas92%ofthefinefractionpassed75µand85%ofthecoursefractionpassed75µ.Afterashingthemasslosswasapproximately35%forthefineand21%forthecoarsealiquotsrespectively.Thefinealiquotsproducedlowrelativestandarddeviations(RSD);gold3.22%,palladium6.34%,platinum6.17%andcopper2.24%for25determinations.ThecoarsefractionaliquotsgavehigherRSD’sthanthefinefractionfor;gold7.92%,palladium16.5%,platinum58%andcopperwasslightlylowerat0.02%.Thetotaldeterminationsforthecoarsefractionwere6.Thereproduciblemeasurementsobtainedverifiedthattheprimarypreparationprocedureproducedahomogenoussamplethatcanbesub-sampledforanalyticaldeterminations.

10:05 – 10:30 Mid-Morning Refreshments

10:30 - 10:55

Title:AIRBORNESEMI-VOLATILEORGANICPOLLUTANTSINSOUTHAFRICANPLATINUMMINES

Presenter: Prof Patricia Forbes

Elevated levelsofatmosphericsemi-volatileorganiccompounds(SVOCs), includingtoxicpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons(PAHs),mayariseinundergroundminesduetotheuseofdieselmachineryinconfinedenvironments.ThesePAHsmaybepresentintheundergroundatmosphereeitherinthegasphaseoradsorbedontothesurfaceofparticles,primarilydieselparticulatematter.ItisimportanttosamplebothphasesinordertoelucidatethepotentialPAHoccupationalexposurelevels,asthehealthimpactsofeachphaseisdifferent.Asmall,portabledenuderdevicewasemployedtosampletheairinthreeundergroundplatinummines,whichconsistedoftwomulti-channelsiliconerubbertrapsinseries,separatedbyaquartzfibrefilterwithasmall,batteryoperated,portablesamplingpump(Geldenhuysetal.,2015).TheprimarytrapcollectedgasphaseSVOCs,includingPAHs,whilstthefiltersampledparticlephaseanalytes.ThesecondarytrapdownstreamofthefiltercollectedanySVOCswhichmayhaveblownofftheparticlesontheprimarytrapatsamplevolumesbelowthatofthebreakthroughvolume.Samplesweretakenatvariouslocationsinshaftswheredieselisused,aswell as innon-diesel shafts.Each componentof thedenuderwasanalysedby thermaldesorption-GCxGC-TofMS,whichshowedthatPAHs(mainlynaphthaleneandthemono-methylatednaphthalenederivatives)wereprimarilypresentinthegasphase.ParticlephasePAHs(primarilyfluorantheneandpyrene)werefoundinthehighestconcentrationsinthedieselexhaustsamples.ThiswasthefirstsuchstudyofminingatmospheresinSouthAfrica

10:55 – 11:20

Title:ACUTETOXICITYTESTINGWITHLUMINISCENTVIBRIOFISCHERI

Presenter: Dr Duduetsang Saku

Microtox® acute toxicity testing offers a rapid, efficient and affordable way of regular monitoring or screening for toxicity duringthetreatmentofeffluentplants, leachatesoracidminedrainage.Costlychemicalanalysisare limitedandcannotprovidechemicaltoxicityeffectsonbiota.Microtox®technologyisbasedonluminescentmarinebacteria,Vibriofischeri;anorganismthatisgloballyrecognizedastheoverallbestrepresentativespeciesforaquaticorganisms.Vfischeriistreatedwithasuspectedtoxicantin aqueousmediaatdifferentconcentrations.Ina‘healthy’statetheluminescenceisrecordedandcomparedtotheluminescenceafter interactionwithtoxicants.ThisprovidesameasureoftheoverallacutetoxicitythatcanbereportedasEC50.Microtox®ishowevernotlimitedtoenvironmentalsamplessuchaswater,soilorsoilsediments.Itsefficiencyinreportingacutetoxicitycanbeusedinproductionfacilitiestomonitoron-goingprocessesinordertopredictenvironmentalimpactoffinalproductsand/ortheirwaste.Thismethodcanalsoassistintheselectionofenvironmentallybenignmaterialsduringproductionthroughrapidtoxicitytestsofthesematerials,withresultsavailablewithin24hours.AcutetoxicityinformationprovidedbyMicrotox®,promotescheaperin-housewastedisposal/treatmentalternativesinsteadofusingwastedisposalcompanies.

11:20 – 11:45

Title:APPLICATIONOFACIDBASEACCOUNTINGTOPREDICTPOST-MININGDRAINAGE QUALITYINCOALFIELDSOFTHEMAINKAROOBASINANDSELECTEDSUB-BASINS

Presenter: Dr Lindani Ncube

AcidBaseAccounting(ABA)isatoolusedtoassessthetotalamountofacidityoralkalinitycontainedinaspecificrocksample,andisbasedonthetotalSconcentrationandthecarbonatecontentofthesample.ApreliminaryABAtestwasconductedontwelvesandstoneandsevencoalsamplestakenfromcoalfieldsrepresenting;theMainKarooBasin(Highveld,VryheidandMolteno/IndweCoalfields)and theSub-basins (WitbankandWaterbergCoalfields). The resultsobtained, indicates that sandstonesandcoal fromtheMainKarooBasinhavethepotentialofgeneratingacidminedrainage(AMD)astheycontainsufficientpyritetogenerateacid,withthefinalpHvaluesofthesamplesturningacidicuponcompleteoxidation.SandstonefromcollieriesrepresentingtheMainKarooBasinarecharacterisedbyelevatedcontentsofreactiveS%.Allthestudiedsamplesarecharacterisedbyanacidpotential(AP)thatislessthantheneutralizingpotential(NP)exceptfortwosamples.TheresultsobtainedindicatethatthesandstonesfromtheMainKarooBasinarepronetoacidgenerationascomparedtosandstonesfromtheSub-basins.However,thecoalhasarelativelylowpotentialofgeneratinganyacid.TheapplicationofABAinthisstudycontributestoanunderstandingofthecomplexitiesgoverningwater-rockinteractions.Ingeneral,thecoalfieldsfromtheMainKarooBasinhavemuchhigherpotentialtoproduceAMDduringminingthanthecoalfieldsintheSub-Basins.

11:45 – 12:10

Title:COPPERMINING,PRODUCTIONANDPOORMINEWASTETREATMENT,DISPOSALMETHODSANDTHEIRTHREATSTOTHEENVIRONMENTINUGANDA

Presenter: Mr Turyamureeba Sam Frank

Thepaperdealswithcoppermining,productionandminewastemanagementinUganda.Largeamountsofminewastesgeneratedbythecopperminingindustryandtheprocessofbeneficiationofmineralshaveposedabigthreattotheenvironment.Thesehaveledtoair,soil,waterpollutionandmanyotherhazardouseffectstotheenvironmentaswellaswildandhumanlives.Thispaperbroadlyaddressesthedifferenttypesofminewastesgeneratedduringtheentireminingprocessrightfromthemineralextractionandbeneficiationprocesses.Itprovidesacomprehensivereviewofthedifferentminewastesgeneratedbythedifferentminingmethodslikesurfacemining(opencast),undergroundminingamongothersandtheChemicals/reagentsusedintheextractionprocessofmineralsfromtheearth’scrustandbyproducts.Italsogivesthedetailsabouttheamountofwastematerialsgeneratedinextractingdifferentmineralslikecopperandcobaltmetals,copperandnickelhydroxides.Italsodiscussesthetailingsgeneratedbythemilling,mineralbeneficiationprocessesandtheirdifferentmethodsofdisposal.Thispaperalsoreviewstheimpactsoftheseminewastesontheenvironmentandhowtheyarethreatstowildandhumanlives.Italsodiscussesthemostefficientmethodsofdealingwiththisglobalconcernbypeopleallovertheworldandhowtheircumulativeeffectsmaybeminimized.Itoutlinessomesuggestions/recommendationsonpossiblemitigationmeasures.

12:10 – 12:35

Title:URANIUMASAPOTENTIALHEALTHHAZARDASWELLASANECONOMICASSETINTHELOUISMOORETAILINGSDUMPS,NEARGIYANI,LIMPOPOPROVINCE

Presenter: Mr Ndinannyi Kenneth Singo (Phd. Candidate)

IntheLimpopoprovincealoneover800abandonedandderelictmineshaveproducedanenormousquantityofrockwastedumpsand tailingsandotherassociatedmining infrastructurecollectivelyknownasmine residueareas. In theLouisMoore tailings,noattentionhasbeenpaidtotheextentofheavymetalsandothertraceelementsconcentrationsandtheirpotentialimpactsontheenvironmentandhumanhealth.Therewasalsoanurgentneedtotryandidentifytheeconomicpotentialofrehabilitatingsuchmineresidueareas.Thus,thefocusofthisstudywastoundertakeaconceptualstudyonthereclamationofmineresidues.Themainaimsofthestudyweretoestablish,whetheritwillbepossibletoreclaimtheminingresiduesinaneconomicallyviableway,andtoidentifypossiblehazardsassociatedwiththem.Themethodologyofthestudycomprisedfourphases:Intheinitialphase,themainaimwastoobtainfirst-handinformationaboutkeysamplingsites.Legallandaccesspermissionswererequestedfromtherelevantlandcustodians.Thesecondphaseinvolvedareconnaissancesurvey.Thiswasconductedtoensurethatfieldactivitiessuchasdrilling,loggingandsamplingaresafeandproductive.Inthethirdphase,atotaloften(10)augerholesweredrilledinthetailings.Thesewereloggedandsampled.Acombined47samplesweretakentotheUniversityofJohannesburglaboratoryforanalysis.Inthefourthphase,sampleswereanalysedforleachableelementabundancesbyICPOES.

Geochemicalanalysesandsubsequentmodellingofthediverseresidueswerecentraltoachievetheoutcomes.FromthegeochemicalassayedresultsofU, inLouisMoore,themeanconcentrationofUwerefoundtobe30ppm.Toquantifythepotentialeconomicimportanceandimpactsofthesemetals,geochemicalandresourcemodellingwasemployed.ThisrevealedthatUresidualinLouisMooreMineiscurrentlyat25.65tonnes.

Theoutcomespointedinprincipletotheviabilityofreworkingthetailings;however,atthesametimeapotentialenvironmentalriskisidentified.Bothaspectswillrequireestablishingthemineralogicalforminwhichuraniumoccurs.ShouldthereworkingoftheUintheLouisMoorebefeasible,thiswouldassistingeneratingenoughmoneytofundtherehabilitationcostsofthismineandpossiblysecondarytailingsbeingusedforotherpurposesastheymaycontinueposingpotentialdangertohumanhealthandenvironment.

12:35 – 13:30Lunch

Afternoon Session: Programme Director – Dr Johann Fischer

13:30 - 13:55

Title:MONAZITEASANUCLEARWASTEFORMFORENCAPSULATINGACTINIDES:AMINERALOGICALSTUDYOFNATURALMONAZITEFROMSTEENKAMPSKRAAL

Presenter: Ms Gabrielle Ficq

SouthAfricaisplanningtoexpandnuclearenergybybuildingadditionalnuclearpowerplants.Oneconsequenceofnuclearpowerisproductionofhigh-levelradioactivewaste,whichrequiresenvironmentallysafesequestration.Environmentallysafesequestrationdependsinpartonthelong-termrobustnessofthewaste-formusedtoencapsulatethewaste.Onewaste-formunderconsiderationisbasedonmonazite(ceriumphosphate,togetherwiththoriumsilicatethroughcoupledsubstitution).Itisthereforeimportanttoassesswhetheramonazite-basedwaste-formsafelyencapsulatestheradioactiveelementswithoutmobilisationduringalterationprocesses.Therehavebeenstudiesdocumentingchangesinchemicalcompositionduringalterationofmonaziteandtheresultantbreakdownmineralphases;onesuchstudyhasidentifiedsecondarymicrocrystallinemineralphasescompatiblewiththeactinides,otherwisecompletelossoftheseradioactiveelementsapparently istheresult(ReadandWilliam,2001).Anaturalanalogueofahigh-levelradioactivewasterepositoryistheMesoproterozoic-ageSteenkampskraalorebodylocatedintheWesternCape(SouthAfrica).Steenkampskraalcontainsabundantmonazite(andapatite);assuchtheorebodypresentsanopportunitytostudytheaccumulativelong-termeffectsofalterationandsubsequentmobilityofuraniumandthoriumfrommonazite.Thisstudyexaminedthinsectionsofmonaziteore from theSteenkampskraalorebodyusingapetrographicmicroscopeanda scanningelectronmicroscope (SEM) toidentifymineralassemblagesandanyobservableeffectsofalteration.Anelectronmicroprobe(EMPA)wasusedtodeterminethecompositionsofunalteredandalteredmonaziteinordertocomparativelyassessthelossofuraniumandthorium.Theresultsofthisstudyindicatenoobservablechangesinactinideconcentrationsbetweenunalteredandalteredmonazite.

13:55 – 14:20

Title:MANAGEMENTOFWASTEGENERATEDFROMHYDROMETALLURGICALPROCESSES

Presenter: Alice Mabunda

MINTEKworks inconjunctionwiththemining industrytodeveloptechnologythatwillbebeneficial forrecoveryandpurificationofpreciousmetalsfromoresbyhydrometallurgicalprocessessuchas,LeachingandPrecipitation,Ionexchange,Solventextraction,Electrowining,Cyanidedestruction,andCyanideanalysis.Hydrometallurgyissolutionbasedchemicalandmetallurgicalprocessesfortheextractionandrecoveryofpreciousmetalsfromores.Thesolutionincludesacidic,basicandorganicmedium.

Wastegeneratedfromtheprocessesinhydrometallurgyisgenerallyclassifiedashazardous.Therearechallengesregardingwastemanagementaswedealwithdifferenthazardousmaterialhoweverweintendtobeabletominimizeandtreatallwastethatwegenerateinthefuture.Thewastesispre-treatedandanalysedbeforesenttotheeffluentplantforfurthertreatmentanddisposal.Treatmentmethodsusedareprecipitationandneutralizationusinglime.

Therearehazardsandrisksthatareassociatedwithwastegeneratedfromtheprocessesindicatedabove.Wastegeneratedcanbetoxic,corrosive,flammable,radioactive,harmfulandpoisonousdependingonthespecificprocessused.Wastethat is incorrectlymanagedcankillpeople,animalsandaquaticspeciesandnegativeimpactontheenvironment.

ManagementofwastegeneratedfromdifferentmetallurgicalprocessesatHMDisestablishedandmaintainedby identifyingandclassifyingthewaste,thetreatmentmethodtobeusedpriortodisposal,trainingofpeoplehandlingwasteasrequiredbylegislation,providingthemwithproperpersonalprotectiveequipment,establishingsafeworkingproceduresandensureenforcementofsuchprocedureandcompliancetoalllegislationandmunicipalbylaws.

14:20 – 14:45

Title:IMPLEMENTINGTHENEWWASTEREGULATIONS:LESSONS,CHALLENGESANDOPPORTUNITIES;WASTEGENERATORSPERSPECTIVE

Presenter: Ms Mpendulo Ginindza

There is increasingconcernaboutenvironmentalpollutionandnatural resourceconservation.Governmentsare takingactionbyintroducingregulationsthatwilladdresstheseconcerns.TheConstitutionstatesthateveryonehastherighttohaveanenvironmentthatisnotharmfultohisorherhealth(GovernmentofSouthAfrica,1996).TheWasteActrequiresthatwastemustbemanagedinaccordancewiththehierarchyofwastemanagement(GovernmentofSouthAfrica,2008).TheregulationsundertheActhavehelpedtosimplifythelegalaspectsandrequirementsofavoiding,reducingandmanagingwaste.

In2013theWasteclassificationandmanagementregulationsincludingNationalnormsandstandardsforstorageofwastecameintoeffect.Responsibilitiesofwastegenerators,transportersandmanagersareclearlymarkedout.Legalobligationsaroundwasteclassifi-cationandsafetydatasheetdevelopmentthatpreviouslyfellonwastemanagershavebeenshiftedtowastegenerators.Prohibitionsandrestrictionsonthedisposalofwastetolandfillhavebeenalsobeenintroducedandwastegeneratorsareexpectedtocomplywithinthespecifiedtimes.

Asweimplementtheseregulationswecomeacrosschallenges,lessonsandopportunities.Oneofbiggestchallengeswhichhavealreadybeenidentifiedinthewasteindustryisthatoftheshortageofskillsandexpertiseinthisarea.OpportunitiesintheR&DsectoraretofindsolutionsforwastegeneratedinR&Dactivitiesaswellasprovidesolutionsandservicestoindustry.Thiswillrequireworkingwithstakeholderstocomplywithlegislationinordertomanagewasteeffectively,andmakeSouthAfricaabetterplaceforcurrentandfuturegenerations.

14:45 – 15:10

Title:SIMPLIFYINGTHEWASTEACTFORTHEWASTEGENERATOR

Presenter: Ms Belinda Berry

•OutlineofthelegalrequirementsforwastemanagementinSouthAfrica:oSummaryWasteLegalFrameworkinSouthAfricaoWasteInformationSystem(SAWIS)oStorageofWasteoDocumentandManifestRequirementsoLandfillClassesandWasteTypesoAssessmentandClassificationofwaste–AnalyticalandGHSrequirements•Alookatsometypicalwastestreamsgeneratedbythemining/metallurgicalindustryandthelegalrequirementsassociatedwiththesewastes.

15.10 – 15.20: Closing(MrAlanMcKenzie)15.20 – 15.30: VoteofThanks(MrJoeBaloyi)15.30 – 17.00: Refreshmentsandnetworking

1. Title:IMPLEMENTATIONOFTHECALUXBIOASSAYFORSCREENINGANDQUANTIFICATIONOFDIOXINS

Dr Mabel Coyanis

Abstract:MintekisimplementingtheDioxinResponsivecellbaseCALUX®(ChemicalActivatedLuciferasegeneeXpression)bioassayforthedetectionandquantitationofdioxinsanddioxin-likecompounds.Theassayisbasedonthecollectivetoxicresponseproducedbymorethan250chemicallyrelatedtoxicdioxinderivatives.Thetesthasfastturn-aroundtimes, ishighlysensitive,andholdsagoodcorrelationwithexpensivedioxinconfirmatorymethods(HRGC/HRMS).

TheDR-CALUXbioassayisacceptedbyinternationalregulatorybodiesforthescreeningofdioxinspresentinawidevarietyofma-trices,fromflyash,dust, soil,sediments,waterwaste,stackgas,air,animalfat,humanbreastmilk,animalstockfeed,fish,foodcontrol,etc.IthasbeenvalidatedandapprovedfordioxinscreeninginJapan(JISK0311),intheUS(EPA4435,Dioxins/dl-PCBsinsoil,sedimentsorashes),andisroutinelyusedintheEuropeanUnionandinAustralia(NSWDepofPrimaryIndustries)onthecontrolofanimalfeedfortheagriculturalsectorandhumanfood.

Bytheprovisionofacosteffectivealternativescreeningtestfordioxins,MintekaimstoencouragedioxincompliancetestinginSouthAfrica,helpingtoprotecttheenvironment,itspopulationsandnaturalresourcesfromuncontrolledharmfulemissions.

2. Title:PASSIVETREATMENTPLANTUSEDFORTREATINGEFFLUENTMINEWATERFROMTHEDOUGLASDISCHARGEPOINTATeMALAHLENI,MPUMALANGA:PILOTSTUDY

Ms Boitumelo Murishe Penelope

Abstract:TheaftermathofcoalminingintheHighveldcoalfieldsinMpumalangaprovincehastriggeredseriousenvironmentalissuesthatdemonstratedtheneedtodevelopremediationtech-nologiesthatarepracticable,efficient,costeffectiveandenvironmentallyfriendlyinawiderangeofphysicalsettings.Passivetreatmentisincreasinglygainingfavouroveractivetreatmenttechnologiesforthelong-termremediationofpollutedminewaterowingtoitsefficiencyinremovingcontaminantsatareasonablylowcost.

However,theapplicationofpassivetreatmentinSouthAfricahasbeenlimitedanddetailedunderstandingofspecificprocessesaf-fectingwaterqualityisneeded.Inthisstudy,aDispersedAlkalineSubstratesystem(consistingofananaerobicandaerobicsystem)wasconstructedasapilotsystemtotreatacidminedrainage(AMD)fromanabandonedcoalmineineMalahleni,Mpumalanga.

TheDispersedalkalinesubstratesystemisamixtureofwoodshavings,limestone(finegrained)andmanure.Inflow-outflowwaterqualityanalysesdemonstratedsubstantialmetalandSulfatesremovalinthewholesystemforSO42-,Al,Fe,NiandZn.Thesystemwasoperatedatlowflowratesinordertoachievelongerresidencetimeinthereactivetanks.TherewasminimalofMninthesystemandthismaybeattributedtothepresenceofFeintheoxidationpondandaerationpond,whichtendtocompeteforoxygenconsumption.

Posters

3. Title:ARSENICSPECIATIONBYIONCHROMATOGRAPHYINWATERANDWASTEWATERSAMPLES

Mr Sandile Langa

Abstract::Multipleacuteandchronictoxicityofarsenicspeciesanditsmobilisationfromgeologicaldepositsintogroundanddrinkingwaterresourcesareoneofthegreatestthreatstohumanhealth.Arsenicspeciationanalysis,mostlydonebyliquidchromatography,isachallengingtaskwhichrequiresanintensehighqualityworkwithrespecttoextraction,preservation,separation,detectionandvalidation.AgrowingnumberofAs-speciesandlowregulatorylimits(10μg/L)mayrequiremorethanonespeciationmethodpreferablyperformedbyspeciesspecificproceduresanddetectors.Generally,arseniccompoundshavenosignificantmarketvalue,buttheyneedtoberemovedfromprocessstreamsbecauseofenvi-ronmentalorprocessspecificpurposesHoweverthefocusonthisprojectisonionchromatographicseparations,themostfrequentlyusedmethods.BasedonIC-principlesthemethodsappliedarecriticallydiscussedandrecommendationsgivenwhichshouldresultinmorerobustandreliableAs-specia-tion.TheequipmentusedwasMetrohmionchromatographfittedwitha20µLand100μLsampleloopformg/Landµg/Llevelsrespective-ly,MetrosepAsap4/5guardcolumn(5x4.0mm)andMetrosepAsuppseparatorcolumn(250x4.0mm)wereused.Theexperimentwasconductedusinganeluentof3.2mMsodiumcarbonateand2.0mMsodiumhydrogencarbonateat0.7mL/minflowrate.Theionchromatographyconsistedoftwodetectors:conductivitydetectorandtheUV-visdetector.SoftwareusedfordataacquisitionwasMagICNet.

4. Title:DETERMINATIONOFTHORIUMANDURANIUMINURINEBYICP-MS

Mr Sandile Langa

Abstract:ThoriumandUraniumquantificationisimportanttomonitorhumanexposuretotheseelements.Urinesampleswereanalysedtodetermineexposure.ICP-MSwasusedforquantitativedeterminationofThandUconcentrationinurine.Thesampleswerestoredandpreservedbyadding5%nitricacid.A10Xdilutionofurinesamplewasacidifiedwith5%ultra-purenitricacidthenshakenvigorouslyfollowedbytheadditionof100µLiridium(Ir)asaninternalSTDintoa15mLsamplevials.Thepreparedsampleswerethendigestedina;waterbath(900C)for30minutesandthelefttocooltoroomtemperature,versusul-trasonicbathfor30minutes.Themethodhadadetectionlimitof1pptinurineforbothThoriumanduraniumwitharelativestandarddeviation(SD)oflessthan20%.

Posters

Early bird: Endson30September2016–R825Normal registration:Startson1October2016–R935Students:R715(proofofstudentregistrationtobeemailedorfaxed)SASS Member:R803Registration: Online: http://www.mintek.co.za/2016/05/18/6th-annual-symposium/forthesymposiumregistration-formviaMintekwebsiteoralternatively,completetheattachedformandsendtoemail(seecontact)orfaxto+27117094006Closing date for registration: 19October2016

Exhibitors: Aspaceofabout2mx2mfloorspacewillbeprovidedforyourdisplays,standardtablewith,MINTEKtablecloth,twochairsandentranceintothesymposiumpresentationswithluncheonandrefreshmentsfortwopeopleonly.Price per stall: R3260excl.VAT.Closing date: 19October2016

Directions to Mintek: 200MalibongweDrive,Randburg(Seemapbelow)

GPS Co-ordinates:26o5’20.3“S27o58’49.81“E

For further information contact:Dhiroshnee Govender Tel: 0117094210 Email:dhiroshneeg@mintek.co.zaRefilwe Mashamaite Tel: 0117094011 Email:refilwem@mintek.co.za

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1. Drive on the N1 towards Johannesburg

2. At the Buccleuch interchange (104), keep left and follow the sign N3 Germiston/Durban

3. Keep right at the fork, following the sign Roodepoort/Bloemfontein/N1 and merge onto N1 Western Bypass

4. Take the Malibongwe Drive offramp (R512/Randburg), Turning left into Malibongwe Dr

5. Turn right into Mintek (200 Malibongwe Drive)

FROM: M1 Johannesburg

1. Take exit 14B for Saint Andrews Road toward Parktown/Johannesburg

2. Turn right into St Andrews Rd 3. Turn right into Jan Smuts Ave and drive along Jan Smuts Ave until you reach Republic Rd 3. Turn left into Republic Rd 4. Turn right into Malibongwe Dr

5. Turn left into Mintek (200 Malibongwe Drive)

11th Ave

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