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Webinar 5G 101
5G+Cloud+AI+Edge+IOT & Implications on Vertical Industries
Arpit Joshipura GM, Networking, Edge & IOT
The Linux Foundation
Agenda & Topics
› Introduction to Linux Foundation
› Market Trends (Telecom, Enterprise, Cloud)
› Technical Terms Demystified
› Open Source DevOps & Security
› Getting Involved, What’s next & Resources for further learning
› Q&A
What we are NOT covering
› Any topics discussing 5G Spectrum, Radio Frequencies or Country specific auctions of 4G/LTE, 5G Radio
› Vendors, System Integrators or Service Providers names
› Products or Solutions from ecosystem players specifically supporting 5G
› Policies across Government organizations within countries
› Geo-political implication of a global telecom market
› Deep Dive into any one particular area across the stack
Introduction to the Linux Foundation
January 2019 5
The Linux Foundation’s goal is to create the greatest shared technology investment in history by enabling open collaboration across companies, developers and users.
We are the nonprofit organization of choice to build ecosystems that accelerateopen source technology development and commercial adoption on a global scale.
5
The Linux Foundation focuses on creating reliable, secure and sustainable open ecosystems
Successful Open Source Development depends on the complete life cycle of projects, products that market will adopt and deploy
PROJECTS
PROFITS PRODUCTS
PART
ICIP
ATIO
N
DEVELOPER COMMUNITY
MARKETS
TECHNO
LOGY
PRODUCTS
Deployments
6
Today the Linux Foundation is More than LinuxSecurityNetworking
Cloud
AutomotiveBlockchain
Edge/IoTWeb
AI
FilmCI/CD
EnergyHardware
Standards7
Building large, sustainable ecosystems requires collective resources2000+Members From41 Countries
100%of Fortune 100
Tech & Telecom
242,960+Developers
Contributing Code
400+Critical Open Source
Projects
$54.1BSharedValue
The Linux Foundation is a critical part of modern technology
8
9
LF Training 2M+ education enrollments to develop technical talent
Reaching users in over 200 countries
https://www.lfnetworking.org/resources/networking-training-courses/
Market Trends
2
3
1
Open Compliance, Standards + OSS Harmonization & Use Case driven deployments gaining traction
Open Networking, Edge & IOT are critical in the new normal across vertical industries
Edge is the next Cloud
Open Industries
“Open-Sourcification”
Telecom at the forefront+
Automotive
+
Motion Pictures
+
Fintech
+
Public Health
+
Energy
5G and Edge Critical in the Next Battle, a new normal!Edge is 4X the Size* of Cloud Market !
“As businesses and governments establish their own new normal, 5G and Edge computing will be necessary to deliver the automation, performance and cognitive insight required by many industries—including manufacturing, healthcare, energy and utilities, among others. Telecom operators will need to embrace open ecosystems to externalize innovation and accelerate new services.”
http://www.chetansharma.com/publications/edge-internet-economy/
Technology Disruption, enabled by Open Source
14
The LF is Changing the Fabric of Networking“…bringing top networking vendors, operators, service providers, and users together.”
VIRTUALIZATION
DISAGGREGATION
AUTOMATION
CLOUD NATIVE
NETWORK FUNCTIONS
VIRTUALIZATION
SOFTWARE DEFINED
NETWORKING
ORCHESTRATION
Why Open Networking & Edge
“From Cost Savings to Market Adoption”
Source: LF Edge Community Survey, Sept 2020
Top ReasonsMarket Creation, Adoption Acceleration &
Collaboration
2
3
1
Open Compliance, Standards + OSS Harmonization & Use Case driven deployments gaining traction
Open Networking (5G & Automation), Edge & IOT are critical in the new normal across vertical industries
Edge is the next Cloud
Leading Open Interop & complianceLF Networking’s Anuket (OPNFV + CNTT)
LF Edge’s Akraino Blueprints
4Beyond CodePOC toProduction
Open Compliance & Verification
Open Interop & Testing
Open Training & Certification
SDO or OSS
Is it Standards OR Open Source?
“Harmonize” was a hot word 3 years ago
Unification well beyond Standards - now Open Source communities, Markets, Verticals are taking direction from the LFN playbook Linux Foundation Projects are
harmonized with Standards
2
3
1
Open Compliance, Standards + OSS Harmonization & Use Case driven deployments gaining traction
Open Networking (5G & Automation), Edge & IOT are critical in the new normal across vertical industries
Edge is the next Cloud
Edge Applications
New Vertical Industries Enabled by Edge
New Applications
New Revenue
New Use Cases
Source: 451 Research
Dedicated, Operated Shared, XaaS
Regional Data CentersDistributed Devices and Systems
Research and Reports
Buildings / Factories / Smart HomesAccess
Networks
User Edge Service Provider Edge
MCU-based devices
Smartphones, PCs, ruggedized IoT gateways and servers
in accessible to semi-secure areas
Server-based compute at TelcoNetwork and Edge Exchange Sites
Servers in secure on-prem data centers, MDCs
Embedded compute
Server-based compute at Regional Telco and Direct
Peering Sites
Servers in traditional cloud data centers
Last Mile N
etwo
rks
Applications
Infrastructure
Constrained Device Edge Smart Device Edge On-Prem DataCenter Edge Access Edge Regional Edge
LOC
ATIO
NSAggregation
Hubs/COsCentralized Data Centers
Stage 1: At Large ProjectsBaetyl, Open Horizon, Secure Device Onboard
Stage 2: Growth ProjectsEVE, Fledge, Home Edge, State of the Edge
Stage 3: Impact ProjectsAkraino, EdgeX Foundry
LF Edge Projects
Dedicated, Operated Shared, XaaS
Regional Data CentersDistributed Devices and Systems Buildings / Factories / Smart Homes
AccessNetworks
User Edge Service Provider Edge
MCU-based devices
Smartphones, PCs, ruggedized IoT gateways and servers
in accessible to semi-secure areas
Server-based compute at TelcoNetwork and Edge Exchange Sites
Servers in secure on-prem data centers, MDCs
Embedded compute
Server-based compute at Regional Telco and Direct
Peering Sites
Servers in traditional cloud data centers
Last Mile N
etwo
rksConstrained Device Edge Smart Device Edge On-Prem Data
Center Edge Access Edge Regional Edge
LOCATIO
NSAggregation
Hubs/COsCentralized Data Centers
ELIOT IOT GW/uCPE
Telco Appliance -Radio Edge Cloud (REC)
Connected VehicleIEC - Type 1
IEC - Type 2-5
KNI Provider Access Edge (PAE) & Industrial Edge
ICNPrivate 5G
Network Cloud Family
Micro-MEC
The AI Edge – Security, Autonomous Vehicle, Federated Learning
5G MEC – Cloud Gaming
5G MEC - Enterprise
R4 Blueprints (New)
R1/R2/R3 enhanced Blueprints
Applications
Infrastructure
LF Edge: Akraino R4 Blueprints
Public Cloud Edge Interface
IIoT – Predictive Maintenance KubeEdge
Observations
1. Network is even more important in the new world! End Users (Enterprises, Governments, Countries) have a vast array of open options using “infra/software” right near their premises
2. Open Source Collaboration (beyond code) is the way to go. Driven by faster innovation, security and time to revenue & deployment Use Cases
3. Edge is new Cloud and is enabled with technologies like 5G+Cloud+AI+IOT
Terms De-mystified
Terms de-mystified
Technology Terms
› SDN/NFV
› Disaggregation
› NOS
› Cloud Native
› 5G
Architecture Terms
› Core
› Edge
› Access
› Infrastructure
› Data Plane
› Control Plane
› Orchestration
› Automation
› AI/ML/Analytics
› Killer Apps (CNF/VNF/Workload)
Open Source DevOps
› CI/CD
› DevOps
› Upstream/Downstream
› Security
Technology Terms
Disaggregation, White Boxes, Open Hardware
Equipment- Core Telecom- Switches- Routers- Servers- Storage - Data Center IT- SDDC
Network OS for Disaggregated Switches
Enterprise Data Center
ContainersCloudNative
From Virtualization to Cloud Native
•Cloud native computing uses an open source software stack to:– segment applications into microservices,– package each part into its own container– and dynamically orchestrate those containers
to optimize resource utilization
OpenSourceIaaS
PaaSOpenSourcePaaS
Virtualiza-tion
2000 2001 2006 2009 2010 2011
Non-VirtualizedHardware
2013 2015
IaaS
5G 101For consumers, enterprises and CSPs, 5G offers significant, compelling advantages over 4G:
› Capacity: 5G is designed to support a 100x increase in traffic capacity.
› Bandwidth (speed): 5G delivers up to 20 Gbps peak data rates and 100+ Mbps average data rates.
› Scaling (agility): 5G network slicing enables a single physical network to be partitioned into multiple virtual networks, each optimized for the different needs of specific users.
› Latency: 5G delivers more instantaneous, real-time access via a 10x decrease in end-to-end latency down to 1ms.
› Capability: 5G not only elevates mobile broadband experiences, but also supports new services such as mission-critical communications and large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) deployments.
› The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is the organization responsible for 5G standards. Two releases are relevant to current 5G deployments, while one provides an indicator of future capabilities:
› Release 15 in 2019 included support for enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) and massive machine-type communications (mMTC) in a single network. It also supported 28GHz millimeter-wave (mmWave) spectrum and multi-antenna technologies.
› Release 16 in 2020 added standards for connected cars, smart factories, private networks and public safety to meet the needs of more diverse industries.
› Release 17, due in 2022 following delays as a result of COVID-19, will bring features such as URLLC for industrial IoT (IIoT), integrated access and backhaul (IAB), radio access network slicing for the 5G New Radio (NR), NR sidelink as well as support for multi-SIM devices for both LTE and NR.
Architecture Terms & Killer Apps
SMB/ROBO
Residential
Mobile
Service Provider EdgeUser Edge
End to End Open Source Software Collaboration
CarrierAccess
Enterprise & IIOT
Carrier Core
Apps/Internet / Web
Public Cloud
Enterprise Core & Cloud
Private Cloud
eg Google, Microsoft, AWS, IBM, Huawei, Alibaba, Baidu, Tencent..
NETWORK FUNCTIONS & APPS
MANAGEMENTORCHESTRATION & ANALYTICS
NETWORK CONTROL
INFRASTRUCTURE
VNFs CNFs Cloud Nati. Core
* Sample projects only
SMB/ROBO
Residential
Mobile
Service Provider EdgeUser Edge
End to End Open Source Software Collaboration
CarrierAccess
Enterprise & IIOT
Carrier Core
Apps/Internet / Web
Public Cloud
Enterprise Core & Cloud
Private Cloud
eg Google, Microsoft, AWS, IBM, Huawei, Alibaba, Baidu, Tencent..
NETWORK FUNCTIONS & APPS
MANAGEMENTORCHESTRATION & ANALYTICS
NETWORK CONTROL
INFRASTRUCTURE
VNFs CNFs Cloud Nativ Core
* Sample projects only
5G, Network Slicing, CCVPN, ZTP, Closed loop automation, VoLTE, vIMS, vCPE, nomadic broadband..
Open Compliance & Verification Standardized NFVI + VNF/CNF onboarding, Reference Implementation
5G, ONAP E2E Network slicing, QoE Optimization, whitebox
Multi-Cloud & Hybrid deployment of Telecom Services
Open Source Core Wireless Networks
SMB/ROBO
Residential
Mobile
Service Provider EdgeUser Edge
Edge Use Cases Driving Open Source Projects
CarrierAccess
Enterprise & IIOT
Carrier Core
Apps/Internet / Web
Public Cloud
Enterprise Core & Cloud
Private Cloud
Radio Edge Cloud, Network/Telco Cloud + Connected Vehicle, AR Classroom, Enterprise Edge Cloud Automation Blueprints, Private LTE, Public Cloud Edge
IIoT: DevOps at Scale for on-prem devices with partial connectivity
IIOT - Predictive Mtce & condition based monitoring - Turbines, Transformers, pumps. Tensorflow ML/AI for Edge Apps
Building Automation, Industrial process control, Smart Cities - Water, Retail
Anomaly detection, Surveillance
Emerging Edge Applications & Convergence of Technologiesare demanding & fueling lower latency + accelerated processing
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On-DemandNFV
Hardware Acceleration A.I. Microservices 5G
IoT &Analytics
Industrial Sensors
Home Devices Retail Healthcare
ImmersiveExperiences
Virtual Reality
Augmented Reality
360 Video
Wearable Cognitive
Assistance
Autonomous Devices Drones Autonomous
VehiclesIndustry Robots Medical
NFV Edge Infrastructure
Wireless (vRAN,vEPC)
Wireline(PON)
uCPE (SD-WAN)
IP Enterprise Services
2018
IOT Killer apps 2020
37Note: Not all IOT requires an Edge
Open Source DevOps and Security
The new Shared R&D software development model
Innovation speeded up from 18-24 months Releases to 6 week – 4 month release cycles
Inside look at a life of software developer in OpenSource
Digital Transformation Checklist for Open Source
LF Open Source Security and Compliance -Summary› LF views OSS security as a continuous improvement across
project's maturity level and phase of adoption.
› LF wide security threat modeling and security audits.
› Software License Life Cycle Management projects› Scanning(FOSSology), Compliance(OpenChain) & Packaging
(SPDX)
› LF Projects using security & compliance best practices and tools › SDLC, SAST, DAST, Pen tests, CVEs etc › Focused CII badging (CNCF, LFN..) embedded in life cycle› Projects and umbrellas have security committees as
extension to Governing board. Critical decision maker at every release cycle
› 3rd party security audits on OSS (eg ONAP) › Process and Dev training on security best practices &
events› Bug bounties (HackerOne partnership)
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https://www.linuxfoundation.org/projects/security-compliance/
LF Open Source Security and Compliance –Projects› Let’s Encrypt (Certificate Authority)
› 140 million unique domains being served by Let's Encrypt, Now issuing over 1 million certificates every day
› CII (OS Security)› Invest in critical open source projects that are necessary to
the success of all infrastructure (e.g. OpenSSL, SSH, Linux)
› CHAOSS (Community Health)› Community of academics and experts who study
communities - identifying and defining implementation neutral metrics for measuring community health. It also has a community developing a software platform that implements these metrics in software anyone can use to measure community health.
› TODO (OS Best Practices)
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Project metrics about CHAOSS available at: https://chaoss.biterg.io
Why is Edge & IOT Security Different?1. Scale & Distribution
› The main difference between Edge security and non-edge security is around “scale and distribution” The number of applications, devices and connections that Edge Compute will drive require a scale that is 10-100X today’s deployment
1. Market Overlap or Harmonization Touch points (Cloud, Telecom, IOT, Enterprise) › Security Processes, SLA and Architecture alignment across device edge and service provider edge› Enabled by 5G, Telco Service providers are providing services on Edge Compute through software at the Base Station or
Smart Central office (location that provides <20mS of Latency of new generation of Edge apps) Enterprises will be working closely with both Telecom and Cloud Service providers to secure solutions, software and life cycle management. Security needs to be architected from an end to end perspective with clear handoffs.
1. Physical Security & intermittent Network Connectivity› Several of Edge deployments may not reside in a secure data center and software that resides on nodes need to have
provisions to protect against that. Basically, no physical or network perimeter dictates a zero trust security model.› LF Edge projects like EdgeX Foundry, EVE and others that focus on IOT and IIOT frameworks provide features like Access to
Hardware root of trust when deployed on bare metal, crypto-based ID, measured boot, encryption, automated patching of security updates, Monitoring tools etc…
Security with Open Source: 4 Simple Steps
1. Process Security› Focus on end-to-end processes like code scanning, vulnerabilities, auto patching,
and process handoffs are important. Automated Tools available.
2. Code Dev & Early Scans› Establish Scans, CVE processes and governance to ensure implementation of the
“more eyes value’
3. Every Open Source Project bakes security as a horizontal layer of architecture› assume that perimeter is compromised, connectivity may not be available,
physical security broken) › Implement SDO (eg 3GPP, ETSI MEC etc) or Consortiums security specs (IIC etc)
4. Use AI at the Edge to identify anomalies and other security issues.
Telecom Edge Security enabled by 5G, 3GPP, ETSI MEC
› Security Specifications implemented in Open Source Projects like Akraino Blueprints or LF Networking Projects
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Edge and IOT Security with Open Source1. Integral part of Open Source Development process across Open Source
Edge Communities in IOT, Enterprise, Cloud & Telecom
1. Keeping LF Edge Open, Interoperable & Secure with › Hardware, Silicon, Cloud, OS, Protocol independence› Bringing the best of telecom, cloud and enterprise – location, latency & mobility› In collaboration with Consortiums/SDO (IIC, AECC, OEC, ETSI) › Security built into all layers of the blueprints and use cases
1. Open Source is proven to be inherently more secure, edge and IOT building on the best practices that other open source projects hosted by Linux Foundation eg Cloud, Networking etc have adopted
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Get Involved in the LF Technical Communities› Participation in LF Edge/LF Networking Projects is open to all
› Getting involved in the technical communities is the best way to learn
› Step 1: Get a Linux Foundation ID Here:
https://identity.linuxfoundation.org/
› Step 2: Visit LF Edge Wiki (https://wiki.lfedge.org/) OR LF Networking wiki
(https://wiki.lfnetworking.org/)
› Step 3: Join workflows for the projects and working groups, subscribe to
mailing lists, ask questions, contribute and participate below› Attend project meetings› Attend developer events› Join approved projects› Propose a project› Write documentation› Contribute use cases
› Analyze requirements› Define tests / processes› Review and submit code patches› Build upstream relationships› Contribute upstream code
› Provide feedback through VSFG› Host and staff a community lab› Answer questions› Give a talk / training› Create a demo› Evangelize LFE and its projects
What’s Next
Upcoming LF Events: ONEEF (Open Networking & Edge Executive Forum, March 10-12)
https://events.linuxfoundation.org/open-networking-and-edge-exec-forum/
Resources for Further Reading
2020 LFN Year In Review Report
https://www.lfnetworking.org/publications/2021/01/13/2020-lfn-year-in-review-report/
Software-defined vertical industries: transformation through open source
https://www.lfnetworking.org/publications/2020/10/19/software-defined-vertical-industries-transformation-through-open-source/
Cloud Interfacing at the Telco 5G Edge
https://www.lfedge.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Akraino_Whitepaper2.pdf
5G Networking: An Introduction
https://www.lfnetworking.org/5g/
Cloud Native Networking for Telecom: An Introduction
https://www.lfnetworking.org/cloud_native/
Edge Networking: An Introduction
https://www.lfnetworking.org/edge/
Sharpening the Edge: Overview of the LF Edge Taxonomy and Framework
https://www.lfedge.org/resources/publication-download/
www.linuxfoundation.org
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