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Chapter 12 DNA NotesSection 12.2 Structure of DNASection 12.3 DNA ReplicationSection 12.1 Identifying the Substance of Genes

Section 12.2 Structure of DNA

DNA is a molecular structure containing the info that a cell needs to carry out all of its functions. In a

way, __________________________________________________________ .

DNA is a nucleic acid macromolecule made of nucleotides joined into long strands by covalent bonds.

It is located in the ___________________________________________________ cells and the

___________________________________________________ cells.

____________________

4 Bases Compliments Bonds

________________________________________

________________________________________

KeyAdenine (A)Thymine (T)Cytosine (C)Guanine (G)

+

DNA structure is a double helix. The two strands of the double helix run _______________________

(_________________________________).

Scientists involved in solving DNA structure: ____________________________

____________________________

____________________________

Section 12.3 DNA Replication

Before a cell divides, it duplicates its DNA in a copying process titled

_____________________________________ . This process ensures each resulting cell has same

complete set of DNA molecules.

Replication Process – DNA serves as ________________________________________ .

4 Parts to DNA Replication

1. ___________________________________

Section 12.2 Summary-DNA Structure-Scientists Involved

___________________________________

___________________________________

2. ___________________________________

___________________________________

3. ___________________________________

___________________________________

___________________________________

___________________________________

___________________________________

4. ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________

__________________________________________

Replication Fork

___________________________________________________________________________________

Prokaryotic Replication

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

Eukaryotic Replication

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

Section 12.1 Identifying the Substance of Genes

Bacterial Transformation – allowed scientists to discover DNA was responsible for carrying traits from

one generation to the next. (Remember, Mendel didn’t know about DNA – just traits)

Bacterial Transformation – one type of bacteria changed permanently into another

Frederick Griffith transformed bacteria and Oswald Avery discovered the DNA in bacteria in the

mice/pneumonia experiments was responsible for genes/traits.

Hershey and Chase experiment showed DNA was in ALL living organisms (they studied viruses).

Section 12.3 Summary-DNA Replication-Replication Fork-Pro Vs. Euk

Role of DNA in HeredityDNA that makes up genes must be ______________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________ .

Just like your iPod! – stores, copies, and plays/transmits music.

Section 12.1 Summary-Bacterial Transformation-Bacteriophage-Role of DNA in heredity Chapter 12 DNA

Section 12.2 Structure of DNASection 12.3 DNA ReplicationSection 12.1 Substance of Genes