web testing with selenium

XBOSoft, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1

Web

Testing

with

Selenium

XBOSoft

Founded in 2006Dedicated to software quality

Software QA Consulting

Software Testing

Offices in San Francisco, Beijing and Amsterdam

XBOSoft, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 2

House RulesEveryone except the speakers are muted

Questions via the gotowebinar control on the right side of your screen or

through Twitter @XBOSoft

Questions can be asked throughout the webinar - we’ll try to answer them

at the end.

You will receive info on recording after the webinar

XBOSoft, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 3

Meet Our Speakers

• VP Sales & Marketing at XBOSoft

• 15 years Marketing and Sales in High Tech

• Love the outdoors, reading and parenthood

XBOSoft, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 4

Steve Gohre

• Sr. Software Developer in Test at Eid Passport

• Over 20 years of test automation experience

• Veteran speaker

• Quality Week 1999

• PNSQC 2007

• PNSQC 2011

• PNSQC 2013

• Better Software West 2015 (June)

• Enjoys golf and fine wine

Alan Ark

Sabrina Gasson

• Marketing Manager of XBOSoft

• Emails you all regularly to join our

industry hot topic webinars

• And invites you all to download our latest

trends in software testing whitepapers.

Who is Alan Ark?

Sr. Software Developer in Test at Eid Passport in Hillsboro, Oregon, USA

Over 20 years of automated testing experienceOver 8 years with WatirAbout a year with Selenium

Agenda

Intro on SeleniumTips and TricksPitfalls to avoid

Ask questions as we go!

Watir?

Web Application Testing in Ruby

A different open source project that drives browsers for test automation

What is Selenium?

A tool to automate browsers!

Quick regression testing across many browsers

Automate web based admin tasks

Why Selenium over Watir?

Choice

More widely supported

More bindings available

Regression testing!

Repetitive test efforts

Reproducible tests across many browsers

Time consuming

Automation of web based admin tasks!

Creation of dataReading of records on the browserUpdating of contentDeletion of records

What version of Selenium?

Don’t use Selenium 1.0 - Selenium IDERecorder is deprecatedJavascript Injection to drive a browser

Selenium 2 uses WebDriverhttp://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/

WebDriver?

A platform and language-neutral interface that allows programs or scripts to introspect into, and control the behaviour of, a web browser

http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-webdriver-20130117/

How do I start?

Pick a language!JavaC#pythonrubyothers supported as well

Pick your browser/driver

FirefoxChromeIESafarimany more!

How do I interact with the browser?

Dev tools are built-in to browsersInspect the HTML to glean the locators to use

var inputElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("myButton"));

inputElement.Click();

Built-in locators

Use these if you candriver.FindElement(By.Name("myName"));

driver.FindElement(By.Id("myId"));

driver.FindElement(By.ClassName("myClass"));

others as well

XPath vs. CSS

XPath//div[. ='Some Text of the Div']

CSStable[id='tblBadgeInfo'] thead td

Speed considerations?

Tips to avoid headaches….

GUI based tests sometimes thought of as fragile, brittle or unreliable

How to prevent your Selenium automation from becoming shelfware

Use unique locators

Very difficult if locators are not unique

Avoid using index numbers

Ask for some name/id/class on UI elements from the development team

Do not use hard coded sleeps

Makes test scripts brittle when run on different environments.

Thread.Sleep(5000); // Sleep for 5 secondsbutton.Click();

Use a polling wait

Be flexible and return as soon as possible but ignore exceptions

Use WebDriverWait

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));IWebElement myDynamicElement = wait.Until<IWebElement>((d) =>

{return

d.FindElement(By.Id("myButtonId"));});

Use ExpectedConditions

Convenience methods on things that are checked often. Use these with WebDriverWait.

http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/dotnet/html/AllMembers_T_OpenQA_Selenium_Support_UI_ExpectedConditions.htm

Use Page Objects

Isolate UI elements from the test cases

If the UI changes, your tests only need to be modified in a single place - the Page Object that defines the UI

Reduces duplicate code

Login Page Example

Login Page Objectclass LoginPage : BasePage {public LoginPage() {}public void Login(string username,string password) {var nameElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("username"));nameElement .SendKeys(username);var passElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("password"));passElement .SendKeys(password);var submitButton = driver.FindElement(By.Name("submit"));

submitButton.Click();}

}

Login Test Case

var loginPage = new LoginPage();loginPage.Login("user","pass");

Verify your assumptions….

Are you where you think you are?Verify page elements on transitionsClicked linksForm submission

Be Generous with your logging

Overlogging is better than underloggingEasier to examine output files to see where

failures are occurringEspecially true for remote executionUse logging to get a trail on most events

Things I like to log

URL of the pageTimestampValues used on assertionsValues used on comparatorsValues used on loops

IE Considerations

Sometimes click appears to do “nothing”

Use SendKeys instead of Click

https://www.google.com/webhp?#safe=off&q=ie+click+selenium

SendKeys Code

Instead ofbutton.Click();

Usebutton.SendKeys(Keys.Enter);

Handling Frames

Be sure to set the focus to the frame hosting your elements.

IWebElement mainFrame =driver.FindElement(By.Name("MainFrame"));

driver.SwitchTo().Frame(mainFrame);

Handling Dialogs

Javascript alertsJavascript confirm Javascript prompts

Example code

try {driver.SwitchTo().Alert();return true;}catch (NoAlertPresentException) {// Modal dialog not displayedreturn false;}

Handling Popup windowsvar windowHandles = driver.WindowHandles;

// if handle 0 is the main window then handle 1 is the popup, otherwise the popup is handle 0

var popUp = (windowHandles[0] == mainWindowHandle ? windowHandles[1] : windowHandles[0]);

driver.SwitchTo().Window(popUp);<do stuff>driver.SwitchTo().Window(mainWindowHandle );

Not the only answer...

Sometimes Selenium can’t do the job.AutoIt can be used as a fall-back.

https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/

Browser login prompts

Advanced Topics

Use with Continuous Integration tools

Remote control of tests

Selenium Grid

Summary

Instrument your framework correctly and Selenium tests can be very good for you

Don’t be discouraged. Try different things.

Investigate to see what Selenium can do for you

Contact Info

Email: aark@eidpassport.comLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/arkie

Come visit: http://bscwest.techwell.com/

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