washington's administration
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Washington’s
Administration
1789-1797
Treaty of Paris, 1783
George Washington
1st POTUS 1789 – 1797
The Precedent President
100% of electoral vote =
unanimous!
Why?
Led Continental Army during Revolution, had faith and trust of the entire nation.
Step 1: Pick a Good TitleHis Elective Majesty?His Excellency the
Supreme Commander in Chief?His High Mightiness,
the President of the United States and Protector of their Liberties?
His Highness the President of the United States of America
and Protector of the Rights of the Same?Mr. President
Henry Knox, Secretary of War aka “the Muscle”
Step 2: Choose a Cabinet
Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of State
aka “the Smooth Talker”
Alexander Hamilton, Secretary
of the Treasury aka “the Money Man”
Step 3: Choose a plan.Federalists• Led by Hamilton• Feared anarchy
more than tyranny• Elitist, distrusted
common man• Loose interpretation• Wanted:o Strong federal
government to preserve independence
o National debt as investment in success
o Strong ties with Britaino US as an industrial,
mercantile power
Democratic Republicans
• Led by Jefferson• Believed limited
government preserves liberty
• Patrician, trusted the common man
• Strict interpretation• Wanted:o Weak federal
government to preserve liberty
o Against national debt
o Strong ties with Franceo US as an agrarian nation
Component Pro Con
A) Fed Govt assumes states’ debt
B) Sells debt to investors as govt bonds
US builds credit
Investors become stakeholders in fed govt’s success
Economic elites control nation’s finances
Southern states had paid debts; felt it unfair to help North
Hamilton’s Economic Plan
Component Arguments For It Arguments Against It
Establish natl bank Issue money; handle taxes, receipts, and other govt. funds. Bank investors become stakeholders in fed govt’s success
Fear of plutocracy (rule by the rich) Is it constitutional?
Hamilton’s Economic Plan
Component Arguments For It Arguments Against It
Tariff (tax on imports) Raise money for new govt Spur industrial growth by making US manufactured goods more competitive against foreign goods
Southern states import more, will pay unfair share of taxes
Hamilton’s Economic Plan
Component Arguments For It Arguments Against It
Excise tax on whiskey
Sin tax on immoral product
Will raise significant funds
Targets poor frontier farmers who distill corn into whiskey for transport
Hamilton’s Economic Plan
Price of Southern Agreement =City of Washington, District of
Columbia
Washington vs. the Whiskey Rebellion
Judiciary Act of 1789
• Six Supreme Court justices; 13 districts in 11 states
• First Chief Justice John Jay
• SCOTUS jurisdiction over all cases involving a state
• Appellate jurisdiction over federal circuit court decisions and state courts challenging any federal law
French Revolution, 1789
50%Interest payments of national debt
25%Military expenditures
6%Court life at Versailles
19%Running the
country
FRENCH ANNUAL
BUDGET IN THE 1780s
French Revolution, 1789
01020304050607080
% of Income Spent on Bread
17871788
French Revolution, 1789
Commoners3rd Estate
Aristocracy2nd Estate
Clergy1st Estate
The Suggested Voting Pattern:Voting by Estates
1
1
1
Louis XIV insisted that the ancient distinction of the three orders be conserved in its entirety.
French Revolution
• Help our ally fight Britain?
• Proclamation of Neutrality, 1793
• “Why … entangle our peace and prosperity in the toils of European ambition …? It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world.”
– Farewell Address, 1796
Washington’s Foreign AffairsTreaty With Why ResultJay’s Treaty (1794)
Britain Unpaid private debts to Britain British forts around Great Lakes, impressment of American sailors
Secured NW border, normalized trade relations with Britain
Pinckney's Treaty (1795)
Spain Spain feared close American-British relations
Defined SW border with Spanish territory, opened Mississippi to trade
Treaty of Greenville (1795)
coalition of Native American tribes
Little Turtle defeated by Gen. “Mad Anthony” Wayne at the Battle of Fallen Timbers
Native Americans ceded Ohio to US
Disputed Territorial Claims Between Spain & US, 1783-1796
Indian Land Cessions: 1768-1799
Washington’s Legacy
1. First cabinet and other precedents
2. Judiciary Act of 17893. Suppressed Whiskey
Rebellion4. Secured borders and
foreign policy of Isolationism
5. Warned against political parties
6. Established two-term tradition
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