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WARM UP – WRITE THE PROMPT!• Describe what you see in the image. Who are the people
in the poster? What is the tone of the poster/What
feelings does the poster evoke?
V.I. LENIN
FB PROFILE: V.I. LENINMLA Citation for Textbook/Lecture Notes:
Spielvogel, Jackson J. Glencoe World History: Modern Times. New
York: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, 2006. Print.
Reminders:
• Friends: famous historical friends, not just randoms (ie. Josef
Stalin)
• Interests: you must infer interests from the sources you use
• Status Update: V.I. Lenin is (something he would have said)
• The Wall: 3 posts, either -
• Events from life: (Date): (Event)
• Posts from friends: (Name of friend): (comment on wall)
Ch. 14, Sect. 2
STALINIST RUSSIA
STALIN BECOMES DICTATOR (REVIEW)
• Lenin suffered a stroke in 1922 – could no longer run
the Communist Party (CP)
• Stalin (general secretary of the CP) worked to become
leader
• Recall: What was Lenin’s main concern about
Stalin?
• Lenin dies in 1924, Stalin takes command of the CP in
1928, forces Trotsky into exile in 1929
JOSEF STALIN – “MAN OF STEEL”
STALIN AND LENIN
IN STALINIST RUSSIA . . .
• Stalin wanted Russia to be one of the most powerful
nations in the world
• Est. a gov’t that established total control of all
aspects of life in the Soviet Union
• Gov’t, Economy, and citizen’s private lives
• TPS: How does this gov’t compare the gov’t under
the czars?
IN STALINIST RUSSIA . . .
A gov’t of TOTAL CONTROL – totalitarianism
Controls every aspect of public and private life
Needs a leader who:
1. Builds a gov’t that can support control
2. Provides a sense of security and future goals
3. Uses mass communication to reach all the citizens
IN STALINIST RUSSIA . . .
• Stalin built a police state to maintain power
• TPS: What are the police usually supposed to do
for the citizens of a nation?
• Police monitored telephone lines, read mail, & planted
informers everywhere
• Secret police arrested and executed millions of
“traitors”
STALIN’S TOTALITARIAN STATE
• In 1934, Stalin turned on members of the CP
• In 1937, he launched the Great Purge – eliminated
anyone who threatened his power
– Old Bolsheviks who helped the Revolution were tried for
“crimes against the Soviet state”
– Great Purge ends in 1938; btwn 8 mil. and 13 mil.
deaths attributed to this time
• TPS: How would the actions of the Great Purge
increase Stalin’s power?
STALIN’S TOTALITARIAN STATE
Propaganda and Censorship
• Recall: What is definition of propaganda?
• Controls all news, media, and other sources of info.
• No indiv. creativity tolerated if it didn’t conform the
ideas of the state
• Art was used for propaganda
STALIN’S TOTALITARIAN STATE
STALIN PROPAGANDA
“Literature, the cinema, the arts are levers in the hands of
the proletariat which must be used to show the masses
positive models of initiative and heroic labor”
CP newspaper Pravda
RE: the purpose of art
STALIN’S TOTALITARIAN STATE
Education and Indoctrination
• Gov’t controlled all education from nursery schools
through university
• Kids taught the virtues of the CP
• Teachers who ?? the CP’s interpretation of history
risked losing job or going to prison
• Taught workers and peasants the importance of
sacrifice and hard work to build up the CP and state
STALIN’S TOTALITARIAN STATE
Religious Persecution
• Replace rel. teaching with the ideals of communism
– Orthodox Church main target
• League of the Militant Godless – officially sponsored
group of atheists
• Police destroy rel. buildings; rel. leaders sent to labor
camps in Siberia
STALIN GRABS CONTROL OF ECONOMY
• Command economy – a system where the gov’t
makes all economic decisions
• Five-Year Plan – Stalin’s plan for developing the
USSR’s economy
• Set impossibly high quotas (# goals) for output of
industrial products
• Gov’t limits production of consumer goods
• Ppl suffered shortages of necessary goods
STALIN GRABS CONTROL OF ECONOMY
• TPS: Why did Stalin limit the production of
consumer goods?
• Five-Year Plan – produced impressive results
• Didn’t reach its goals, but made substantial gains
• 2nd plan launched in 1933, equally successful
• Btwn 1928 – 1937 – production of steel increases
25%
STALIN GRABS CONTROL OF ECONOMY
Agricultural Revolution
• 1928 – the gov’t took privately owned farms and
combined into large gov’t-owned farms (collective
farms)
• Resistance by kulaks (wealthy peasants) who wanted
to take back their lands
• Predict: How do you think the gov’t will react?
STALIN GRABS CONTROL OF ECONOMY
Agricultural Revolution
• Secret police herded peasants onto collective farms at
bayonet point
• Btwn 5 mil and 10 mil peasants died b/c of the Agr.
Rev.
• Increased production of crops (wheat) x2
• State farms were est. – operated like factories
• Econ. plans needed
skilled workers
• University and technical
training was key to better
life
• Women’s roles greatly
expanded – men and
women were equal
• Women were forced to join
the labor force
• Women went to schools –
started careers in
engineering and science
• By 1950, 75% of doctors
were women
• Motherhood was a
patriotic duty
• The state provided child
care for all working mothers
POSITIVES OF STALINIST RUSSIA
TOTAL CONTROL ACHIEVED
• By the mid-1930s, Stalin transformed the USSR into
a totalitarian state
• He was unopposed as dictator and maintained authority
over CP
Summary Q: Summarize Josef Stalin’s rise to power and
how his control expanded. (3 sent. minimum)
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