vocabulary fun with graphs macro- molecules chemical reactions enzymes 10 20 30 40 50

Vocabulary Fun with Graphs

Macro-molecules

Chemical Reactions Enzymes

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Question 1 - 10

• Define “element”

Answer 1 – 10

• A pure substance that consists of one type of atom

Question 1 - 20

• Define “dehydration synthesis”

Answer 1 – 20

• Joining molecules together that results in a loss of water

Question 1 - 30

• Relate the following words in a sentence:– Catalyst, – enzyme, – activation energy

Answer 1 – 30

• Enzymes are catalysts that lower activation energy

Question 1 - 40

• Define “denaturation”

Answer 1 – 40

• Breaking of a protein

Question 1 - 50

• Explain the difference between ionic bonding and covalent bonding

Answer 1 – 50

• Ionic bond involves a transfer of electrons, and covalent bonding involves a sharing of electrons

Question 2 - 10

• Is this graph showing an exothermic or endothermic reaction?

Answer 2 – 10

• exothermic

Question 2 - 20

• What is this enzyme’s optimum temperature?

Answer 2 – 20

• 40 degrees C

Question 2 - 30• Which statement best expresses the information

represented in the graph shown?

– (1.) The action of enzymes varies with pH. – (2.) A pH of 7 provides the optimum

environment for digestive enzymes – (3.) Gastric juice is active at a pH extending from

0 to 12.

– (4.) Acids have a pH greater than 7.

Answer 2 – 30

• (1). The action of enzymes varies with pH

Question 2 - 40

• Draw a graph representing an endothermic reaction. Be sure to label reactants, products, Ea, and ΔH

Answer 2 – 40

Question 2 - 50• Increasing [substrate] will increase the reaction rate to a certain point.

Based on the graph below, what [substrate] allows the enzymes to work at half their maximum velocity? (Assume each box represents 5mL)

Answer 2 – 50

• 2.5 mL

Question 3 - 10

• Name the 4 types of macromolecules

Answer 3 – 10

• Carbs, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids

Question 3 - 20

• Name the primary function of nucleic acids

Answer 3 – 20

• Store the genetic information

Question 3 - 30

• Name the main function of carbs

Answer 3 – 30

• Body’s main source of energy

Question 3 - 40

• What are the monomers of carbs?

Answer 3 – 40

• monosaccharides

Question 3 - 50

• Draw the structure of an amino acid

Answer 3 – 50

Question 4 - 10

• What are the reactants of a chemical reaction?

Answer 4 – 10

• What you start with

Question 4 - 20

• What is the difference between an exothermic and an endothermic reaction?

Answer 4 – 20

• Exothermic—lose energy/heat, endothermic—gain energy/heat

Question 4 - 30

• Breaking a bond ________ energy

Answer 4 – 30

• releases

Question 4 - 40

• What is activation energy?

Answer 4 – 40

• Energy required to start a reaction

Question 4 - 50

• Which type of reactions will occur spontaneously?– A. endothermic– B. exothermic

Answer 4 – 50

• B. exothermic

Question 5 - 10

• What is are substrates?

Answer 5 – 10

• The reactants of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction

Question 5 - 20

• How do enzymes increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Answer 5 – 20

• Lower the activation energy

Question 5 - 30

• What is the name of the model that describes the precise fit between an enzyme and its substrate

Answer 5 – 30

• Lock and key model

Question 5 - 40

• Explain the induced fit theory

Answer 5 – 40

• Enzyme changes shape slightly to “hug” the substrate

Question 5 - 50

• Name 4 factors that affect the rate of enzyme activity

Answer 5 – 50

• Temperature• pH• [enzyme]• [substrate]