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Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________Topic: DNA Structure
Aim # _____:____________________________________________________________________________________
1) What is DNA?
2) Griffith’s Experiment:
3) Avery’s Experiment:
Page 1
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________
4) Hershey & Chase Experiment:
5) What are these instructions?
6) Where are the genes found?
7) What do our genes give us?
8) How many genes do we have?
Page 2
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________
9) How does DNA carry the code?
10) What is a nucleotide made up of?
11) What bases make up the DNA ladder rungs?
12) How do the bases pair up?
13) What holds the DNA base pairs together?
14) What in the DNA is unique in all organisms?
15) What part of the DNA carries the genetic code?
Page 3
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________Topic: DNA Replication
Aim # _____:____________________________________________________________________________________
1) What does the word replicate mean?
2) What do we get when DNA replicates?
3) What shape is DNA?
4) What scientists shared their work on DNA?
5) Why do our cells need to divide?
6) What does the DNA do before a cell divides?
7) Why must DNA replicate?
Page 4
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________
8) Steps of DNA Replication:
9) What process is this?
Page 5
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________Topic: Transcription & Translation
Aim # _____:____________________________________________________________________________________
1) Transcription:
2) Translation:
3) Central Dogma:
4) Where does transcription take place?
5) Where does translation take place?
Page 6
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________
6) First the DNA needs to get transcribed into mRNA:
7) Why do we need to make a coded copy of DNA?
8) How is DNA transcribed into mRNA?
9) DNA vs. RNA
Page 7
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________
10) Transcription vs. Replication:
11) Second, the mRNA needs to get translated into a protein:
12) How many mRNA bases equal 1 amino acid?
Page 8
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________
Use the chart to translate the codons:
UUU
ACA
CAC
GGG
AGA
CAG
Page 9
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________Topic: Protein Synthesis
Aim # _____:____________________________________________________________________________________
1) What are the main jobs of DNA?
2) How are proteins synthesized?
3) Why does mRNA have to leave the nucleus?
4) What is the function of ribosomes?
5) What transfers the amino acids to the ribosomes?
Page 10
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________
6) What are the parts of the tRNA?
7) How does the tRNA know what amino acid to deliver?
8) mRNA – tRNA – Amino Acid
GGG
AUC
ACC
CGU
9) mRNA vs. tRNA:
a) Messenger RNA-
b) Transfer RNA-
Page 11
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________
10) Steps of Protein Synthesis:
Page 12
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________Topic: Protein Shape
Aim # _____:____________________________________________________________________________________
1) What do enzymes, antibodies, hormones, hemoglobin, and cell membrane receptors have in common?
2) What determines a protein’s shape?
3) Protein Shape:
A)
B)
C)
Page 13
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________
4) Transcription & Translation:
5) Mutations:
6) What causes mutations in DNA?
7) How does a mutated protein affect a cell?
8) Types of Mutations:
Page 14
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________
9) Copy the normal DNA strand:
DNA
mRNA
Amino Acid Sequence
10) Substitution:
DNA
mRNA
Amino Acid Sequence
11) Deletion:
DNA
mRNA
Amino Acid Sequence
12) Insertion:
DNA
mRNA
Amino Acid Sequence
13) Inversion:
DNA
mRNA
Amino Acid SequencePage 15
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________
14) Point & Frameshift Mutations:
Page 16
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________Topic: Gene vs. Chromosome Mutations
Aim # _____:____________________________________________________________________________________
I. Chromosome Mutations:
1) What is nondisjunction?
2) Trisomy vs. Monosomy:
Page 17
Name___________________________________________________________ Date__________ Period_________
3) What causes nondisjunction to occur?
4) Chromosome Damage:
II. Gene Mutations:
1) What are gene mutations?
Page 18
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