· web viewhe called his town, gniezno, and the eagle became the emblem of his country. the...
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Colouring book of Poland - legends and historical facts
This booklet has been created by teachers and students from Primary School nr 112 in Warsaw
during the Erasmus+ project:
Maths is everywhere – mathematical journey through Europe
This project has been funded with support from the European Comission. The contents are provided directly by beneficiaries and reflect the views only of their authors. The European Commission and the National Agencies cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein, particularly regarding its accuracy and its respect to copyright.
Part I
Legends
1
Lech, Czech and Rus
A long time ago, three bothers called Lech, Czech and Rus, ruled a big country
together. There was less and less food and the brothers decided to find
another place to settle and live. They travelled through mountains and forests
when they reached a steppe. Rus really liked it and he wanted to stay there and
start a new life there. The other two brothers went on and after some time
they reached a fertile river valley where Czech decided to stay. Lech, together
with his people, reached a great forest. He ordered to set up a camp and went
up a hill to see the area around. Suddenly, he heard an eagle and he saw the
royal bird’s nest. In that moment, he decided to settle there. He called his
town, Gniezno, and the eagle became the emblem of his country.
2
3
The Wawel Dragon
Once upon a time, there was a town located on Wawel Hill, ruled by a wise
king, Krak. People lived happily there until one day… On that day, a monster as
large as a church bell came and settled by the Wawel. Soon after this arrival,
animals began to disappear. Then, two shepherds disappeared and people
decided to go to king Krak and ask for help. Krak told them that he will give half
of his treasure and marriage to his daughter to a person who will defeat the
dragon. Many tried but they were killed by the monster. One day, a poor
shoemaker called Dratewka came up with a clever idea of how to eliminate the
dragon. He took a skin of a big sheep and stuffed it with sulfur. He gave this
snack to the dragon that ate it. Then, it felt very thirsty. It drank and drank
endlessly and then it burst with a loud bang.
4
5
6
Warsaw mermaidA long time ago, a beautiful mermaid lived in the sea. She had a wonderful
voice. The mermaid often swam up to a small town called Warsaw. One day, a
mean merchant came to the village and wanted to catch the mermaid and
show her on fairs. He gave money to some fisherman and told them to catch
the mermaid and carry her to a young fisherman’s home. He was supposed to
watch her till the morning. The young fisherman really liked the mermaid, and
when she started singing, he just let her go. She went quickly toward the
Vistula river, stood at its bank and told the people that she would hide in the
river for her own safety, but she would defend them if necessary. From then
on, the mermaid became the patron of the town. Nowadays, you can see her
on the coat of arms of Warsaw.
7
8
9
The Basilisk
A long time ago, a monster called the Basilisk lived in the old town of Warsaw.
It was huge and its body was covered with scales. It also had bat wings,
crocodile tail and claws at the ends of its paws. The monster slept during the
day and came out of its hole at night in order to destroy the town. A few brave
men tried to kill the Basilisk, but the monster killed all of them by looking at
them. After some time, people came up with an idea that the monster may be
killed with a help of a mirror. One brave man took a mirror and went into the
Basilik’s hole. The man stood behind the mirror and when the monster looked
in it, it turned into stone. From then on, the people of the town lived happily.
10
11
12
The Golden Duck
A long, long time ago in Warsaw lived the poor man. His name was Jakub. One
day in the cellars of Ostrogski Castle Jakub met a golden duck. The duck
promised him riches. It was only one condition: Jakub had to spend coins given
by the duck within one day . He was not allowed to share his riches with
anyone. The man was very happy. He bought a lot of things. But in the evening
Jakub broke the condition: he gave the last coin to a poor man. Then he lost
everything he had purchased with the gold coins. Jakub realised that „money
does not make you happy”. He found a good job and a beautiful wife. And his
life was very successful.
13
14
15
Part II
Historical facts
16
Battle of Grunwald
The battle of Grunwald was one of the greatest battles in Polish medieval
history. It was fought on Grunwald fields on 15th July 1410. It took place during
the great war between the Teutonic knights and the united forces of Poland
and Lithuania. The teutonic knights were led by the Grand Master Urlich von
Jungingen. The Polish and Lithuanian union, led by the king of Poland,
Władysław II Jagiełło, won this great battle.
17
18
The Constitution of May 3
On 3rd May 1791, after a stormy debate, the Four-Year Sejm acclaimed a
governmental act which is now knows as the Constitution of May 3. 220 years
ago it was the second in the world and the first in Europe act of its kind that
regulated the organisation of the national authorities as well as citizens’ rights
and duties.
19
20
The Polish Round Table
The Polish Round Table Talks between Communistic government and the
leaders of Solidarity movement (Solidarność) is one of the most important
events in Polish history in the 20th century. The Talks between Communistic
government and the leaders of Solidarity movement, among others Lech
Wałęsa, took place between 6th February and 5th April 1989. The Polish Round
Table Talks were the beginning of changes in Poland. It allowed removing
Communists from power without bloodshed and introducing democracy.
21
22
Table of Contents
Part I Legends
Lech, Czech and Rus……………………………………………..2
The Wawel Dragon……………………………………………….4
Warsaw mermaid…………………………………………………7
The Basilisk………………………………………………………….10
The Golden Duck…………………………………………………13
Part II Historical facts
Battle of Grunwald………………………………………………17
The Constitution of May 3…………………………………..19
The Polish Round Table……………………………………….21
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