veena rawat's presentation to citel
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Spectrum Policies &
Emerging Technologies
March, 2010
Dr. Veena RawatPresident
Communications Research Centre Canada
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Overview
Introduction - CRC Economic and social benefits of radio spectrum
Spectrum policy issues Emerging technologies Summary
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Communications Research Centre Canada, Industry Canada
Established in 1969 Canadian government's primary
laboratory for research and development (R&D) in advanced telecommunications, and a center of excellence in information and communications technologies (ICT).
250 engineers and scientists Budget of over $50million
CRC Core Competencies
WIRELESSTECHNOLOGIES
RADIO FUNDAMENTALS
(propagation, antennas)
BROADBAND NETWORKS
BROADCASTING &
SATCOM
CYBER SECURITY /
PUBLIC SAFETY
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Radio spectrum and its management
Radio spectrum: Essential enabling component to all sectors of an economy and vital to
the social well being of a society The development and efficient use of radio spectrum helps to fuel
economic growth and innovation Spectrum Management:
Involves planning/policy frameworks – domestic and international A sound spectrum management program ensures maximum benefits to:
Individuals Businesses Governments Communities Public safety Other institutions
Efficient spectrum use is critical to economic growth and innovation
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Economic impact of telecommunication
Total global telecommunications revenues in 2007: US$1.2 trillion
It has been predicted that revenue from mobile services will surpass $1 trillion in 2013 (source: Informa Telecoms & Media)
Source: OECD Communications Outlook 2009 [www.oecd.org/sti/telecom/outlook]
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ICT penetration
The number of mobile subscriptions worldwide has reached 4.6 billion and is expected to exceed 5 billion in 2010. The ITU expects mobile broadband subscriptions worldwide to exceed 1 billion in 2010 (by the end of 2009, there were 600 million such subscription) (Source: ITU)
Global mobile data traffic surpassed 1.3 Exabytes transferred during 2008. By 2014, an average of 1.6 Exabytes will be sent and received monthly. (Source: ABI Research)
Source: ITU World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database. http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/ict/index.html
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Spectrum policy issues
Access to spectrum Licensing model Broadcasting vs other uses (mobile) Non-commercial uses
Public safety
Increased availability of broadband services Access to infrastructure
Antenna towers
Evolution to new technologies Digital television transition Open access/net neutrality
Spectrum management programs are under constant pressure to meet the demands of rapidly changing wireless environment
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Access to spectrum - licensing models
Licensing models: Licensed:
first come first served comparative competitive
Licence-exempt (unlicensed) Lightly licensed
Competitive licensing/Auctions What spectrum is subject to auction? Commercial use only? Rights and obligations Secondary trading Licence duration Others
Licence-exempt (unlicensed) Increased interest for commercial applications How to ensure protection? Reduction in revenues to government
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Access to spectrum - broadband to all
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Source: OECD
DSL Cable Fibre/LAN Other
OECD Broadband subscribers per 100 inhabitants, by technology, June 2009
OECD
How do we maximize economic and social benefits to all regardless of geography, economic status, gender, age and culture?
Canadian initiative: part of Canada’s Economic Action Plan, $225 million over three years to extend broadband coverage to unserved and underserved areas.
The road to success: Encouragement of public/private partnerships Investment in sustainable business models Favourable regulatory framework
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Access to spectrum
Exploding demand for mobile services Suitable spectrum to support mobility, capacity and cost effective services
Incumbent investment and pressures For rural broadband, good coverage, cost effective and for backhaul
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Access to spectrum – public safety
Spectrum demand for new applications (e.g. video, Internet access)
Interoperability Shared networks (commercial/public) Role of government at different levels
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Access to infrastructure - Antenna towers
Real estate cost and availability Aesthetics Radiation issues Approval procedures
In Canada: mandated antenna tower and site sharing as well as an obligation to facilitate roaming
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Evolution to new technologies - digital TV transition
In the broadcasting band, advances in technology are enabling more efficient use of the radio spectrum, thus freeing up spectrum for other uses
Challenges faced by broadcasters, especially during a time of economic hardship
Timing for switch over, all or in major centres first? Cross border issues Consumer issues/set top boxes Alternative uses of freed spectrum by broadcasters
and others?
Learn from those already switched, CITEL and ITU guidelines available.
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Distribution techniques
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Now: Over-the-air, satellite, cable Future: Emerging delivery technologies Improvement to ATSC DTV Transmission
IPTV Internet TV Mobile TV Wi-Fi/WiMAX
How will video delivery shift from traditional to new distribution techniques in the next 5 years?
Many business, technology and regulatory issues continue to be addressed
Balance between commercial and public requirements What will be the impact of this shift on the New Media and
Entertainment business? Will broadcasters use transition to digital to add new
services (e.g mobile TV)?
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New Video Distribution Techniques
ViewersProduction Distribution Placeshifting
Distribution Rights
Cable TVIPTV
Broadcasttransmitters
Satellite
Wi-FiInternetCellular
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New Applications for Broadcasting Technologies
Intelligent Transportation Systems Digital Public Alerting Datacasting (e.g. Tagging) Non-real time data Energy management
Broadcasting and telecommunications platforms
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Consumer
Content Providers
TSPs
ILECs/CLECs
CableBDUs
Over the air
Satellite
Technology/ IP Driven
Wireless
Resellers
Broadband
Convergence
Content
Wholesale
Wholesale Services
Wholesale
Telephony/Internet
Internet/BDU
Telco Wholesale
Traditional Telephone ServiceTelephony
Video/RadioTelephonyInternet
WebSites
Internet
Traditional BDU Services Video/Radio
Traditional
Broadcasting
Converging
platform
sTraditional
Telecommunications
Supplier Platforms Customer
Source: CRTC, Communications Report 2009
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Open access and net neutrality
Should restrictions be imposed on content, sites, platforms, technology, equipment, protocol, etc on networks?
Some arguments for net neutrality: Net neutrality ensures equal access to the Internet Net neutrality prevents data discrimination (favouring of certain
types of traffic/applications/content) which would contribute to an anti-competitive environment
Some arguments against net neutrality: Data discrimination ensures quality of service Neutrality creates threats to network integrity and security Commonality = efficiency, neutrality does not necessarily
promote commonality
Policies and operators’ role?
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Evolution to new technologies
Cognitive Radio Software Defined Radio MIMO Sensor networks Use of higher frequencies Cloud computing Migration to IPv6
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Summary
Explosion of applications using wireless communications will continue to put additional pressure on the demand of spectrum.
Efficiency in spectrum use will be key to meeting these new demands.
Spectrum management practices and regulatory framework will evolve and must be enabling
Need for different skill sets and support for capacity building.
Incentives to increase innovation.
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