universal prevention for every child and youth: to save our country
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Dennis D. Embry, Ph.D.
President/CEO, PAXIS Institute
dde@paxis.org • SimpleGifts.com
Tweet and use #FamUnited #SimpleGifts
Universal Prevention for Every Child and Youth: To Save Our Country
Friday, November 5, 2010
Goals today…
Learn how multiple causes of morbidity and mortality (e.g., obesity, diabetes, substance abuse, mental illness, poor cognitive processes) are linked to four basic evolutionary mechanisms triggered by current society.
Learn how low-cost, evidence-based kernels—the fundamental units of behavioral influence—can be used to address the common, linked causes of morbidity and mortality affecting America’s future.
Learn how a communities can organize to impact common causes of morbidity and mortality using low-cost evidence based kernels.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Objectives
Develop a personal plan to apply evidence-based kernels on one’s immediate family.
Develop a plan to apply evidence-based kernels in one’s workplace to affect morbidity, mortality, productivity and wellbeing.
Develop steps for community mobilization for applying the scientific and practical knowledge gained to improve community indicators of health, safety and wellbeing
Friday, November 5, 2010
Friday, November 5, 2010
Friday, November 5, 2010
Friday, November 5, 2010
Disturbing, disruptive and aggressive behaviors have been increasing in the United States for more than 20 years.
The United States has more of these problems than many other rich countries.
2009:Institute of Medicine Report
Friday, November 5, 2010
Nearly 75 percent of the nation's 17- to 24-year-olds are ineligible for service
• Medical/physical problems, 35 percent.
• Illegal drug use, 18 percent.
• Mental Category V (the lowest 10 percent of the population), 9 percent.
• Too many dependents under age 18, 6 percent.
• Criminal record, 5 percent.
Army Times, Nov 5, 2009 • www.missionreadiness.org/PAEE0609.pd
Friday, November 5, 2010
Nearly 75 percent of the nation's 17- to 24-year-olds are ineligible for service
• Medical/physical problems, 35 percent.
• Illegal drug use, 18 percent.
• Mental Category V (the lowest 10 percent of the population), 9 percent.
• Too many dependents under age 18, 6 percent.
• Criminal record, 5 percent.
Army Times, Nov 5, 2009 • www.missionreadiness.org/PAEE0609.pd
Friday, November 5, 2010
Oppositional defiance, conduct disorders, and personality disorders are increasing & worse here.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Rates of obesity in youth have increased epidemically.
http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/trends.html
Friday, November 5, 2010
Serious addictions are happening younger ages.
Friday, November 5, 2010
FIGURE 1Trends in Annual Prevalence of an Illicit Drug Use Index
Grades 8, 10,** and 12
Source. The Monitoring the Future study, the University of Michigan.0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
YEAR
'75 '77 '79 '81 '83 '85 '87 '89 '91 '93 '95 '97 '99 '01 '03 '05 '07 '09
8th Grade10th Grade12th Grade Youth Marijuana Trends
Friday, November 5, 2010
FIGURE 1Trends in Annual Prevalence of an Illicit Drug Use Index
Grades 8, 10,** and 12
Source. The Monitoring the Future study, the University of Michigan.0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
YEAR
'75 '77 '79 '81 '83 '85 '87 '89 '91 '93 '95 '97 '99 '01 '03 '05 '07 '09
8th Grade10th Grade12th Grade Youth Marijuana Trends
What caused this decline?
Friday, November 5, 2010
Prescription drug abuse has largely replaced illegal drug use in America’s young people
Friday, November 5, 2010
Two to three times as many American children are being prescribed psychiatric drugs…
Friday, November 5, 2010
Emotional problems and suicides have increased among America’s youth.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Tribal youth behavior is happening across all
communities and social classes
Friday, November 5, 2010
And, an generation is being raised with parents on war deployment in the middle of these trends
Friday, November 5, 2010
Old American holocausts still affect descendants.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Friday, November 5, 2010
Friday, November 5, 2010
All these trends harm all our futures
Friday, November 5, 2010
These adverse trends among children and youth…
(A) Are NOT an issue among in your community.
(B) MIGHT be an issue in your community.
(C) ARE is an issue in your community.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Friday, November 5, 2010
2009:Institute of Medicine Report provides a concise review of some of the trends harming the success and wellbeing of all our children.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Cultural Trend:Sleep Deprivation
IOM Report (IOM, page 212)
Friday, November 5, 2010
Data on Sleep Deprivation
On the average, school-age children have a sleep deficit of .5 - 1.5 hours per night.
This multiplies out to a deficit of 2.5 - 7.5 hours per five day school week.
Friday, November 5, 2010
TV’s in children’s bedrooms
Computers in bedrooms
Gameboys in bedrooms
Cellphones in bedrooms
Sleep Deprivation caused by…
Friday, November 5, 2010
TV’s in children’s bedrooms
Computers in bedrooms
Gameboys in bedrooms
Cellphones in bedrooms
…Rapidly since 1990
Sleep Deprivation caused by…
0%
15%
30%
45%
60%
Preschoolers (2-5) Elementary (6-11) Secondary (12-17)
Televisions in Children’s Bedrooms in 1997
25.6% 37.%% 55.8%
Friday, November 5, 2010
Significant risk of alcohol, tobacco and other drug use
Increased risk of early sexual behavior and violence
School problems
Family/home problems
Sleep Deprivation causes…
25.6% 37.%% 55.8%
Friday, November 5, 2010
Curfew one-hour before bedtime for:
Televisions
Computers
Gameboys
Cellphones
General reduction of passive media25.6% 37.%% 55.8%
Sleep Improvement evidence-based kernels
Friday, November 5, 2010
Sleep Deprivation…(A) Is NOT an issue among children and
youth in your community
(B) MIGHT be an issue among children and youth in your community.
(C) IS an issue among children and youth in your community.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Parental Monitoring and Parental Networking
(IOM, page 168, 171, 189)
Friday, November 5, 2010
Data on Parental Monitoring
Warm and firm statement of rules by parents have a large impact on deviant behavior of teens.
Lower delinquency rates
Lower rates of drunken behavior
Less general ATOD and other problems
Harshness about rules invites teen rebellion
Lax rules invite deviant behavior.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Data on parental networking
Reduces alcohol, tobacco and other drug use
Reduces delinquency
Reduces teen pregnancy
Increases school success“Who are the adults
there?” What’s their phone number.”
“Hi, just checking to
see if my son is
there?.”
“She needs to be home and in
bed by midnight.”
Friday, November 5, 2010
Clear rules kernel
For older youth (7th to 12th graders), parents or families might use a “Blunt Statement.”
“I/we don’t want you to be drunk, stoned or high from any type of alcohol or drug. I/we don’t want you to be with any other youth including your friends ________, _________, or _________, if they are drunk, stoned or high from any kind of alcohol or drugs period. If this happens at any time or at any place, we want you to call us ASAP so that we can pick you up and take you home. Is that understood?
I/we are going to talk to all your friends’ parents about our family’s wish to protect you, and our desire that we don’t want you or your friends to be involved with alcohol or drug use at all. What questions do you have?”
Friday, November 5, 2010
Parental Monitoring…(A) Is NOT an issue among children and
youth in our community
(B) MIGHT be an issue among children and youth in our community.
(C) IS an issue among children and youth in our community.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Friday, November 5, 2010
Friday, November 5, 2010
The lack Parental Networking to protect their children…(A) Is NOT an issue among children and
youth in your community
(B) MIGHT be an issue among children and youth in your community.
(C) IS an issue among children and youth in your community.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Peer, Family, & Cultural Rewards for NOT breaking rules
IOM Report (page 165, 170,171, 181)
Friday, November 5, 2010
Data on social reinforcements for breaking rules
Being Good Acting Bad
High levels of reinforcement and attention happen for deviant behavior:
Increases delinquency
Increases alcohol, tobacco and other drug use
Decreases school success
Friday, November 5, 2010
Social reinforcement for rule breaking and deviance…(A) Is NOT an issue among children and
youth in your community
(B) MIGHT be an issue among children and youth in your community.
(C) IS an issue among children and youth in your community.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Diet change in essential “brain food” IOM Report (page 211-2)
Friday, November 5, 2010
Omega 3 fatty acid largely found in fish like salmon, walnuts, and flax. Also what grandmothers made children take, “cod liver oil”.
Good Brain Oils
Omega 6 found largely in vegetable oils in processed food such as soybean, cottonseed, and similar oils. HIgh grain fed meats and eggs. Always in deep fried foods. NOT olive oil.
Bad Brain Oils
Friday, November 5, 2010
Data on “Brain Food”: Omega-3 deficiency
Friday, November 5, 2010
Omega-3 sufficiency0%6%
12%18%24%30%
Omega-3 Placebo
27.5%
4.9%
Prevention Impact of Psychosis
Friday, November 5, 2010
Brain food deficiency…(A) Is NOT an issue among children and
youth in your community
(B) MIGHT be an issue among children and youth in your community.
(C) IS an issue among children and youth in your community.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Our lives, communities, businesses and futures will be just fine if we ignore all this.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Friday, November 5, 2010
Is the untimely deviance, disability, disease, disorder and
even death of our children’s futures by unconscious and conscious cultural practices.
outhanasia
Friday, November 5, 2010
Take 2-minute to summarize this and be prepared to share your summary for 60 seconds or less…
Friday, November 5, 2010
Let’s hypothesize: What’s obviously and not so obviously different today from 20-30 years ago?
Friday, November 5, 2010
Obvious Not Obvious
Friday, November 5, 2010
Non-obvious: Evolutionary Mis-match
Friday, November 5, 2010
Hypothesis: Evolutionary “inflammatory” processes
Friday, November 5, 2010
Hypothesis: Evolutionary “inflammatory” processes
Redness, rubor, a response of body tissues to injury or irritation; characterized by pain and swelling and redness and heat.
Excitation, excitement, fervor, fervour the state of being emotionally aroused and worked up
Inflaming arousal to violent emotion
Firing, ignition, kindling, lighting
the act of setting on fire or catching fire
Friday, November 5, 2010
Human Infectious/Biological Threats
Evolutionary Adaptive Responses(Simplified)
GeneralizedInflammatoryResponse
LocalizedInflammatory
Response
Human Predatory Threats
Evolutionary Adaptive Responses(Simplified)
Anti-Inflammatory Regulators
Mood Modulators
Reward Delay Modulators
Intra-GroupAffiliation (Anti-Inflammatory)
Out-GroupAggress. (Inflammatory)
Threat Attributional Bias (Inflammatory)
Tit-for-Tat Beh. Bias (Inflammatory)
Stress Modulators
Puberty/Sex Modulators
Intra-GroupCooperation (Anti-Inflammatory)
Neuro-Hormones
Friday, November 5, 2010
Evolutionary Pathof a Child’s Life
Friday, November 5, 2010
Evolutionary Pathof a Child’s Life
KPath
RPath
Probability of long-life and reproductive success
Probability of short-life and doubtful reproductive success
Friday, November 5, 2010
R PATH = Risky Adolescence
Conduct Disorders
EarlyPregnancy
Homicide & Suicide
Addictions
Aggression
Obesity
Asthma
Early Sex
Disabilities
Friday, November 5, 2010
Physiological ReinforcementAntecedents Verbal Relations
Major Ecologic Causes of the Dual Inflammatory Threats to Children & Youth
Friday, November 5, 2010
Multi-Inflammatory Threat Reaction
Physiological ReinforcementAntecedents Verbal Relations
Major Ecologic Causes of the Dual Inflammatory Threats to Children & Youth
Friday, November 5, 2010
MoodStability
AttentionRewardDelay
ExecutiveFunction
BehavioralCompetencies
MotorSkills
Immune-Healing
FunctionsMulti-Inflammatory Threat Reaction
Physiological ReinforcementAntecedents Verbal Relations
Major Ecologic Causes of the Dual Inflammatory Threats to Children & Youth
Friday, November 5, 2010
MoodStability
AttentionRewardDelay
ExecutiveFunction
BehavioralCompetencies
MotorSkills
Immune-Healing
FunctionsMulti-Inflammatory Threat Reaction
Physiological ReinforcementAntecedents Verbal Relations
Major Ecologic Causes of the Dual Inflammatory Threats to Children & Youth
Mental IllnessSubstance
AbuseViolence
WorkProblems
Obesity, etc
CancerEarlySex
SchoolFailure
STD’s SpecialEd
Friday, November 5, 2010
Successful human neonates born with 60-day supply of
omega-3 in subcutaneous fat from
mother’s diet
NeonatesIn the Rife Valley, the
human brain evolution the result of eating fish high in omega-3 not savannah animals
EvolutionAmerican infants have
been getting steadily less omega-3 (n3) and more
pro-inflammatory omega-6 (n6) in breast
milk
Breast MilkAlmost all adolescent
risky behaviors have now been documented to be
related to low n3 and high n6 in US diet
change in last 50 years
“Risky” Beh.
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Apparent consumption o! inoleic acid (% of dietary energy) amongAustralia, Canada, UK and USA for the years 1961–2000
Physiological Adaptation
See Broadhurst, Cunnane, & Crawford (1998). Rift Valley lake fish and shellfish provided brain-specific
nutrition forearly Homo
See HIbbeln et al. (2007).Maternal seafood consumption in pregnancy and
neurodevelopmental outcomes in childhood (ALSPAC study): an observational cohort
study
Hibbeln et al. (2006). Healthy intakes of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids: estimations considering
worldwide diversity.
See Ailhaud et al. (2006).Temporal changes in dietary fats: Role of n6
polyunsaturated fatty acids in excessive adipose tissue
development and relationship to obesity
Friday, November 5, 2010
1 pound = 453.59237 grams
25 pounds =11,339.8 grams
11,339.8 x 9 calories p/gram =
102,058 calories p/y =
75 Big Mac Meals (Mac + Fries + Large Coke)
Friday, November 5, 2010
1 pound = 453.59237 grams
25 pounds =11,339.8 grams
11,339.8 x 9 calories p/gram =
102,058 calories p/y =
75 Big Mac Meals (Mac + Fries + Large Coke)
Friday, November 5, 2010
What you can do to have an “anti-inflammatory” diet
Eliminate or reduce all products that contain soybean, cottonseed, corn, safflower, sunflower and canola oil (most fast food)
Use omega-3 enriched eggs
Use virgin olive oil for salads and regular olive oil for cooking
Eat two servings per wk of oily fish (salmon, trout, tuna, black cod, sardines, mackerel)
Use range/grass fed chicken, pork or beef (not grain fed)
Follow Grandmothers’ Wisdom on fish oil
Total oil in each
capsule (Includes non- essential oils)
CostEPA
(Eicosapentanoic acid in each
capsule)
DHA (Docosaphexanonic
acid in each capsule)
EPA +
DHA
# of capsules needed
1,000 mg(Unconcentrated
cod liver oil)
1,000 mg (molecularly
distilled
1,100 mg(highly purified)
$ 180 mg 120 mg 300 mg 2,100 mg7 caps per day
$$ 300 mg 200 mg 500 mg 2,000 mg4 caps per day
$$$ 600 mg 400 mg 1,000 mg 2,000 mg2 caps per day
Friday, November 5, 2010
Mixed environments versus “residential” settings increase
grades and reduce conduct problems.
BuiltEnvironment
Running and walking 5-10 miles per day in
the pursuit of reinforcers has long history in humans. Such movement increases BDNF.
EvolutionAmerican children have dramatically changed their play from outdoor play, imaginative play,
free-play, multi-age play, and rough and tumble
play to solo screen time
Play DietThe change in play is associated with an
increase in most DSM-IV plus many behavior and academic problems plus health issues in youth.
“Risky” Beh.
Antecedent Movement Inflammatory/Anti-inflammatory
See Bramble & Lieberman (2004). Endurance running and the evolution
of Homo
See Szapocznik et al. (2006). The impact of the built environment on children's school
conduct grades: The role of diversity of use in a Hispanic neighborhood
See Kuo & Taylor (2004). A potential natural treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: evidence from a national study.
See Clements (2004). An Investigation of the Status of Outdoor Play. Contemporary
Issues in Early Childhood.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Cooperative games and structured games during recess have more impact on physical activity and Body Mass Index (BMI) for children than PE in school. Cooperative games also increase academic achievement and reduced ADHD plus reduce aggression or bullying.
Organized recess
Children and youth sit for approximately five hours in school plus whatever time they spend in a vehicle to and from school. Using physical responding during instruction increases academic achievement, reduces disruptions, ADHD, and decreases BMI.
Active physical responding
Friday, November 5, 2010
Place cellphones on curfew 1 hour before bedtime. The phones go into the possession of parents and returned to child in am. This has multiple benefits.
Cellphones
All hand-held games into control of parents 1 hour before bedtime. Console games and computers with Internet have software that shuts off access to those programs or Internet 1 hour before bed.
Computer games & Internet
Do not place TV in child’s bedroom (or adult’s). Not one study shows benefit of TV in bedroom, and almost all show harm.
Television
Friday, November 5, 2010
Reinforcement Adaptation
A simple 3-term algebra formula predicts either
risky or non-risky behavior in human in real-world settings
related to differential verbal/social
reinforcement.
Matching LawHumans are
apparently unique in the ability to use
arbitrary sounds and symbols to reinforce behavior in others.
EvolutionMultiple data sets and
controlled studies show that children and youth in general receive low levels
of reinforcement for prosociality, with adverse
effects on behavior
Reinforcer DietWhen children or youth receive differential rates
of peer and adult reinforcement for
prosociality virtually all risk behaviors decline.
“Risky” Beh.
See Hayes, Barnes-Holmes & Roche. (2001). Relational frame theory: A post-Skinnerian account of human
language and cognition
See Plaud, (1992). The prediction and control of behavior revisited: A review of the
matching law.of intergroup conflict
See Biglan & Hinds, E. (2009). Evolving prosocial and sustainable neighborhoods and
communities.See Biglan et al. (2004). Helping
Adolescents at Risk.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Simplified Matching Law
Halvor Teigen, K. (2002). One hundred years of laws in psychology. American Journal of Psychology, 115(1), 103-118.
Pierce, W. D., & Epling, W. F. (1995). The applied importance of research on the matching law. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 28(2), 237-241.
Correia, C. J., Simons, J., Carey, K. B., & Borsari, B. E. (1998). Predicting drug use: Application of behavioral theories of choice. Addictive Behaviors, 23(5), 705-710.
B = predicted behavior ratek = A “rubber-band” like asymptotic
constantrp =rate of reinforcement for target
behaviorrv =rate of reinforcement for all other
behaviors
Friday, November 5, 2010
Language, physiological, medication or substance abuse effect on behavior
Rate influenced by:• Reinforcements• Antecedents• Relational-frames
Rate influenced by:• Reinforcement• Antecedents• Relational-frames
Friday, November 5, 2010
What is the matching law (immediate rewards) for?
{Flannery, 2003 #4}
Friday, November 5, 2010
Peer-to-Peer Notes
Positive Home Notes
Social Competence Violence
Embry et al. (1996) School-Community Reinforcement Study
Friday, November 5, 2010
Reward & Reminder:
Impact on prevalence
Youth Who Smoked Every Day the Last 30 Days
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
Baseline Reward and Reminder
Source: YRBS, US Centers for Disease Control
Wyoming
Wisconsin
United States
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
Wyoming
Wisconsin
United States
Youth Who Smoked During the Last 30 DaysBaseline Reward and Reminder
Source: YRBS, US Centers for Disease Control
= Trend = Wyoming = Wisconsin =United States
Youth Who Smoked Every Day the Last 30 Days
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
Baseline Reward and Reminder
Source: YRBS, US Centers for Disease Control
Wyoming
Wisconsin
United States
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
Wyoming
Wisconsin
United States
Youth Who Smoked During the Last 30 DaysBaseline Reward and Reminder
Source: YRBS, US Centers for Disease Control
= Trend = Wyoming = Wisconsin =United States
Source: Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), Centers for Disease Control
Friday, November 5, 2010
Reward & Reminder:
Impact on prevalence
Youth Who Smoked Every Day the Last 30 Days
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
Baseline Reward and Reminder
Source: YRBS, US Centers for Disease Control
Wyoming
Wisconsin
United States
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
Wyoming
Wisconsin
United States
Youth Who Smoked During the Last 30 DaysBaseline Reward and Reminder
Source: YRBS, US Centers for Disease Control
= Trend = Wyoming = Wisconsin =United States
Youth Who Smoked Every Day the Last 30 Days
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
Baseline Reward and Reminder
Source: YRBS, US Centers for Disease Control
Wyoming
Wisconsin
United States
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
Wyoming
Wisconsin
United States
Youth Who Smoked During the Last 30 DaysBaseline Reward and Reminder
Source: YRBS, US Centers for Disease Control
= Trend = Wyoming = Wisconsin =United States
Source: Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), Centers for Disease Control
Friday, November 5, 2010
Verbal relations adaptation
Simply giving people different group names
and colors of clothing will increase verbal and physical aggression
among children. Similar effects found in stress
chemistry.
Friend & FoeThe evolution of
speech and written language enables control of others’
behavior by arbitrary symbols and their
relationships
EvolutionAs daily verbal diet of threats, enemies and
danger increase in neighborhoods,
communities and nations, DSM-IV
symptoms increase and economies worsen.
Daily Verbal DietWhen language of
connection, civility and belonging are introduced
in children and youth, risky behaviors decline in controlled experiments.
“Risky” Beh.
See Hayes, Barnes-Holmes & Roche. (2001). Relational frame theory: A post-Skinnerian account of human
language and cognitionSee Sherif, M. (1958). Superordinate goals
in the reduction of intergroup conflict
See Embry, Flannery, Vazsonyi, Powell, & Atha/ (1996). PeaceBuilders: A theoretically
driven, school-based model for early violence prevention.
See Zullow (1991). Pessimistic rumination in popular songs and newsmagazines predict
economic recession via decreased consumer optimism and spending
Friday, November 5, 2010
1.1
1.15
1.2
1.25
1.3
1.35
grade 7 grade 8 grade 9
Mea
n de
linqu
ency
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
grade 7 grade 8 grade 9
Mea
n d
run
ken
nes
s
Figure 2 Repeated-measures analysis of variance displaying self-reported drunkenness (a) and delinquency (b) separately for youths in theintervention and control conditions
Relational-Frame Example:
“Families United Promise”
Friday, November 5, 2010
The Gift of Clarity and Commitment
Friday, November 5, 2010
A teacher invents a way to save the classroom from Hell
28
Friday, November 5, 2010
A Baltimore City K-8
Friday, November 5, 2010
Friday, November 5, 2010
31
• 70 plus studies
–Many interrupted time-series
–Show less disruption
–More engagement
– Three long-term gold standard studies
– Four more in progress
• Follow up now from 1st grade to 29th year of life.- Reduced
- Special ed, ADHD, Bullying, Conduct disorders, violent crime, suicide
- Tobacco, illegal drug use, alcohol addictions
- Increased high-school graduation, college entry
- Obesity, teen pregnancy, & STD’s in process
Summary of results…
Friday, November 5, 2010
The study focused on child maltreatment prevention among the large percentage of parents and families in a community.
Universal Triple PLevel One
Primary Care Triple PLevel three
Selected Triple PLevel Two
Standard Triple PLevel four
Enhanced Triple PLevel five
Focus of parenting support in population level Triple P study
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Friday, November 5, 2010
Nurturing Policies and Practices for “Anti-Inflammatory” Responses
Policies for universal access to parenting supports
Policies universal access to supports for teachers
Changing institutional food policies
Community reinforcement policies
Other Community policies (TV, greeting, play)
Community child and youth play and opportunities policies
A consumer model for prevention science
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Big changes requires leverage
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Big change = RE-AIM
Reach X Efficacy X Adoption X Implementation X Maintenance = Population level impact
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Peer-to-Peer Learning Game
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Some truths…
Culture determines biology; and biology determines culture.Culture is made up antecedents practices, physiological practices, relational frame (language) practices, and reinforcement practicesCulture determines nurture; and nurture determines culture.Behavior can be predicted by contextual biology and social reinforcementBig change is possible using small units of proven change called evidence-based kernels
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That’s happening, too…
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A poll…
Friday, November 5, 2010
Our economy will be hurt by these trends in America’s youth.
YES
NO
Friday, November 5, 2010
Our national security will be hurt by these trends among America’s youth.
YES
NO
Friday, November 5, 2010
Our health-care costs will go up because of these trends in our youth.
YES
NO
Friday, November 5, 2010
These trends will worsen our local, state and national debt crisis.
YES
NO
Friday, November 5, 2010
The Time is up for thinking
about the problem of
our children’s futures and
our country’s future…
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How much will it cost to change these trends in your community?
Between $1 and $2 per child in your area…
Many times less than an annual flu shot for children or teens
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See and map a new future…
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Friday, November 5, 2010
“Behavioral health could learn from public health in endorsing a population health perspective”—(IOM, page 19).
“Families and children have ready access to the best available evidence-based prevention interventions, delivered in their own communities…in a respectful non-stigmatizing way”—(IOM, page 387).
The story of the Broad Street water pump during the cholera
epidemic in London.
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What if prevention science (evidence-based kernels) met…
Amazon.com
Itunes
youtube
With community mobilization.
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SImpleGifts.Com
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Go to: www.paxis.org/kernelspaper
Friday, November 5, 2010
Is the smallest unit of scientifically proven behavioral influence.
• Are the active ingredients of evidence-based programs.
• Is indivisible; that is, removing any part makes it inactive.
Produces quick easily measured change that can grow much bigger change over time.
Can be be used alone OR combined with other kernels to create new programs, strategies or policies.
What is a kernel?
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Friday, November 5, 2010
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Please remember Beat The Timer and Simple Gifts are trademarks and copyrighted materials. This document is licensed for your family use only. Copyright © Simple Gifts, Inc and PAXIS Institute, 2009. All rights reserved.
1
Home !QuickStart !for !Beat !The !Timer !
Welcome to this Simple Gift. Reading and watching the QuickStart will…
• Show you 7-basic steps for Beat the Timer. • Demo the 7-basic steps with a family. • Help you select and create recipes for change using Beat the Timer.
If you have not already done so, please watch the QuickStart video.
7-Steps !for !Beat !The !Timer !
If you bake a cake, there are always some key main ingredients. If you miss one of those key ingredients, you don’t have a cake. Beat The Timer has seven key ingredients or steps to make it work.
After learning 7-Steps for Beat The Timer, you can easily move on to making plan for any one of the Beat the Timer recipes. Briefly, here are the 7-steps. Details follow on the next pages, with some pictures and examples.
Step 1 - Announce Beat the Timer
Step 2 - Say how long Timer will be set for
Step 3 - Say what behaviors are to beat the timer
Step 4 - Announce timer is about to begin.
Step 5 - Praise positive behavior while timer is ticking
Step 6 - Celebrate success and reward from the prize bowl
Step 7 - Mark changes on success scoreboard
So, lets learn more about each of these steps with some examples and helpful hints. Please watch the videos of Beat the Timer the timer being used by a real family in a real home.
Includes instructionsCustomized for you
With Email prompts
Social Network
Moderated Q&A about how to apply
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If kernels are so good…
Friday, November 5, 2010
If kernels are so good…
Friday, November 5, 2010
Are you an everyday scientist?Human beings are the only organism on this planet that can consciously create a future environment for themselves.
Other animals accidentally affect their environment.
What makes an everyday scientist?
What is it that you want to increase AND decrease in the future?
Friday, November 5, 2010
Are you an everyday scientist?Human beings are the only organism on this planet that can consciously create a future environment for themselves.
Other animals accidentally affect their environment.
What makes an everyday scientist?
What is it that you want to increase AND decrease in the future?
Friday, November 5, 2010
Reversal Design Example
Friday, November 5, 2010
Another reversal design example
Friday, November 5, 2010
The vision of change in all our children, youth and families…
Increase Decrease
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The first breakthrough will be Families United…
Launching this year
Using all modern Internet tools to create a national mobilization
Using powerful public health/social marketing tools
Applying IOM findings
Creating universal consumer access to proven behavioral prevention
Combining common sense, good science, low cost with sustainability
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What is Families United?
A set of simple, proven, and powerful tools to protect all our children from the leading causes of lifetime suffering, illness, disability and death—securing all our futures.
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What do United Families do?
Increase Family Positive Monitoring. Parental & family clarity and commitment to their child about risky or disturbing behaviors such as not using alcohol, tobacco and drugs (ATOD) and about that child’s friends’ not using of alcohol, tobacco and drugs.
The type of monitoring changes by age of child.
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What do United Families do?
Reward Not Using or Breaking Rules. Family recognition and reinforcement of children and teens doing the right thing (e.g., not using ATOD or not engaging in deviant or risky behaviors.
The rewards and recognition increase intrinsic motivation to do the right thing, and cost little or no money
The rewards and recognition create perceived warmth by children from parents and family.
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What do United Families do?
Reduce Sleep Deprivation. Ensuring a child has good sleep patterns, by reducing access to electronic media before bedtime.
Sleep deprivation is the silent but deadly cause of many behavioral, school and health problems—including addictions.
Friday, November 5, 2010
What do United Families do?
Change Brain Food or Fatty Acid Ratios in Child’s Diet. Increasing children’s “brain food” (omega-3 found in fish oil) protects a child’s basic brain function, brain receptors and brain chemistry from the risk of ATOD as well as other problematic behaviors including depression and aggression.
The main biological factor that has radically changed in the last 20 years, dramatically affecting behavior, mental health and physical health of our children.
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What do Families United do?
Increase Parent Networking to Child’s Friends Families. Sharing and communicating the above with five of the parents of one’s child’s friends.
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Families United getA Families United Promise Card, as do many people from all walks of life in the community.
A Families United Gift card to access a website, gives them the tools to act—videos, downloads and more.
An explanatory flyer.
The above can have local sponsors on the materials for sustainability.
Families United for all our children, for all our youth, for all our futures…
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Families United
Families UnitedFor Your City/County/Statelease join Families United. Families United is a gift to you, your family, and other families in this community.Together, we can use the Simple Gifts in
Families United to make sure all our children and teens have a better, healthier, safer and more productive lives.To redeem your gift, please…Go to www.SimpleGifts.comClick on the Families United boxScratch off the PIN number on the Simple Gifts card, and enter it with the card number.Make your commitment to support Families United in your community.Browse and use the Simple Gifts for
you and your children or teens.
P
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Families United Communities
Use the website to create a community network, nested inside a national movement. (Website being created by leading Web company in the US).
Families learn and share how to use the evidence-based kernels to help their own children and their children’s friends.
Become a force for change to protect all our children’s futures.
Friday, November 5, 2010
Teachers and other caregivers united
Increase positive monitoring
Reward not breaking the rules and nurture doing the right thing
Increase positive arousal/attention/engagement
Reduce toxic influences
Share success and invite others to share their successes
Friday, November 5, 2010
Communities and Neighborhoods UnitedIncrease positive monitoring
Reward not breaking the rules and nurture doing the right thing
Increase positive arousal/attention/engagement
Reduce toxic influences
Share success and invite others to share their successes
Friday, November 5, 2010
Explore the VisionPlant Seeds for Change
Prepare to Move Change
Act for Behavior Change
Maintain and Grow Change
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(And you think we are the ONLY people who care about our kids?)
More than 100+ people here
Ok, that’s a dinner for two with wine.
Each recruits 100+ to give $100
And, we start changing the Future of America.
We have more than $1 million to protect all our children with Families United
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Friday, November 5, 2010
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