unit 2 sensitivity and coordination teresa and laura s

SENSITIVITY AND COORDINATION

STIMULUS AND RESPONSES

Stimulus is anything you see,hear,touch, smell or taste . Can be :

• Internal stimuli.• External stimuli. The body has different receptors .• Internal receptors • External receptors

RESPONSES A respose is the body’s answer to a

stimulus. There are two types:• Muscular responses• Glandular responses

THE SENSES : SIGHT

The eye is the organ of sight. Is made up of the eyeball and protected by the eyebrows, eyelids and eyelashes.

Process : 1. First light goes through the cornea

cornea. 2. Then light passes through the

pupil pupil. 3. After that light passes through the lens. 4. Finally information in the retina

retina travels to the brain trough through the optic nerve .

SMELL The nose is the organ of smell.the

receptors of smell are in the pituitary gland inside the nostrils.

The parts are nostrils and pituitary glands.

HEARING

The ear is the organ of hearing it has three parts:

• The outer ear includes the ear and ear canal.

• The middle ear includes the eardrum and the small bones.

• The inner ear includes the cochlea and the auditory nerve.

HEARING

• PROCESSES:• 1.The outer ear receives sounds.• 2.The middle ear changes sounds into vibration

vibrations. 3.The inner ear changes vibrations intointo nerve impulses that go to thebrain.

PARTS:Ear,ear canal ,eardrum,smallbones,auditory nerve,cochlea.

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TOUCH

The skin is the organ of touch. It is made up of three layers.

TASTE

The tongue is the organ of taste. The receptors of taste are in the taste

buds.

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

The nervous system is made up of nerve centres and nerves.

Nerves centres interpret the information and develop responses, forming the central nervous system.

The central nervous system has two parts:• The brain inside the skull. It is made up of the

cerebrum, the cerebellum and the brain stem.• The peripheral nervous system is made up of: Sensory nerves. Motors nerves.

NEURONS

Both the central and peripheral nervous systems are made up of specialised cells called neurons.

They are made up of a cell body, dendrites and axons.

VOLUNTARY AND INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS

VOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS: The brain produces a response in the

case of voluntay movements.INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS:The spinal cord produces a response in the case of involuntary movements.

THE SKELETON

HEAD BONESTEMPORAL, OCCIPITAL, PARIETAL, FRONTAL.FACIAL BONES: NASAL, CHEEKBONE,JAWBONE.

TRUNK BONESSTERNUM,RIBS, SPINE,HIPBONE

LIMB BONESUPPER LIMBS BONESCLAVICLE, SCAPULA, HUMERUS, ULNA,RADIUS,CARPAL, METACARPAL, PHALANGES.

LOWER LIMBS BONESFEMUR, METATARSAL ,PHALANGES,TARSAL, FIBULA, TIBIA.

JOINTS

The joints are located where two or more bones meet.there are three types of joints:• Moveable joints.• Semi-moveable joints.• Fixed joints.

MUSCULATURE

TENDONS

Tendons are made of flexible and fibrous tissue. They connect muscles to bones.

THE ENDPATRICIA SESMA LUCIA MARTIN TERESA ORTEGA

LAURA PRIETO