unit 1: kingdom plantae chapters 21-23. date what are the characteristics of plants ▪all plants...

Unit 1: Kingdom PlantaeChapters 21-23

Date

What are the characteristics of Plants

▪ All plants are photosynthetic. ▪ All plants are multicellular. ▪ All plants are eukaryotic organisms. ▪ All plants can reproduce sexually. ▪ Have cellulose in cell wall▪ Has kinda roots, stems and leaves

Date

How do plants reproduce

▪ All plants have a sexual life cycle called alternation of generation where the gametophyte and sporophyte generation look different

Date

What is Alternation of Generation

▪ A haploid(1N) multicellular gametophyte produces gametes that join in fertilization to form a zygote (2N)

▪ Zygote (2N) develops by mitosis into a diploid (2N) sporophyte

▪ Sporophytes then produce haploid spores (1N)▪ When released, these spores (1N) are released and then

develop into (1N) gametophytes

Date

Date

Where did plants come from

▪ Land plants evolved from green algae of the Division Chlorophyta that lived in ancient oceans or ponds▪ they developed roots, stems and leaves

Date

Evolution

▪ Earliest known plant from fossil record is of genus Cookonsia

Date

PA

LE

OZ

OIC

Radiation offlowering plants

ME

SO

ZO

ICC

EN

OZ

OIC

Ch

aro

ph

yc

ea

ns

(a

gro

up

of

gre

en

a

lga

e)

Bry

op

hy

tes

(e

.g.,

m

os

se

s)

Se

ed

les

s v

as

cu

lar

pla

nts

(e.g

., f

ern

s,

ho

rse

tail

s)

Gy

mn

os

pe

rms

(e.g

., c

on

ife

rs)

Ang

iosp

erm s

First seed plants

Early vascular plants

Origin of plants

Date

Date

What are the 2 types of Terrestrial Plants

(1)       Non-vascular plants (e.g., mosses) have no system for transporting water or nutrients.

(2)       Vascular plants have a system through which they can transport water and nutrient throughout the plant. This allowed the plants to be taller and live further from water.

Date

Date

Describe Non Vascular Plants

▪ Division Bryophyta probably arose from a line of plants that had vascular tissue▪ Some have nonfunctioning stomata▪ Don’t grow large because no vessels▪ Need water for gametes to swim

Date

Provide examples of Division Bryophyta

▪ Class Hepaticae▪ Liverwort

▪ Class Musci▪ Moss

Date

What are Bryophyte Characteristics

▪ small (non vascular)▪ does not have true roots, stems, leaves (no vessels)▪ “leaves” radiate out from stalk and trap H2O (some

store) ▪ rhizoid (root like structures) absorb water▪ live close to the ground▪ waxy cuticle on outer surface▪ live in moist areas because the sperm have flagella▪ Alternation of Generation (gametophyte is dominant)

Date

What are Liverworts

▪ flat, hairy rhizoids underneath. ▪ live in shady, moist areas

Date

What are mosses

▪ short, upright, anchored by rhizoids

Date

What are the roles and uses of bryophytes

Role▪ habitat for many small creatures▪ rebuilding soil (primary succession)Uses▪ soil conditioners▪ peat moss▪ medicine

Date

How do Bryophytes reproduce

▪ Nonvascular plants the gametophyte is the larger and more long-lived phase of the sexual life cycle

Date

Date