unit 1 another school year--- what for?. 质胜文则野，文胜质则史。...

Unit 1Another School Year---

What For?

•质胜文则野，文胜质则史。文质彬彬，然後君子。 --- 孔子

• “When the natural qualities of men get the better of the results of education, they are rude men. When the results of education get the better of their natural qualities, they become literati. It is only when the natural qualities and the results of education are properly blended, that we have the truly wise and good man.” -- Confucius

Warming-up Questions (1)

• If you were given a choice, to graduate next year or to stay at school for two more years, what would your choice be?

Warming-up Questions (2)

• Do you think there is a difference between the three-year system and the five-year system in our college? What is it?

Warming-up Questions (3)

• Are there any differences between a two-year college (e.g. a vocational or technical college) and a four-year college? What are they?

Group Discussion

•Why are you pursuing a college education? What are its advantages? Does it have any disadvantages?

AdvantagesAdvantages• Secure well-paid jobs• Broaden and deepen our

knowledge in a range of subjects and develop higher-order skills such as critical thinking and writing and researching skills

AdvantagesAdvantages

• Provide us opportunities to explore a variety of interests.

• Help us in formulating the values and goals of our life and learning get along with people.

DisadvantagesDisadvantages• Test-oriented teaching fails to

foster students’ creativity and individual talent.

• Mass education imposes restrictions upon the depth and dynamic nature of university curriculum.

Text AnalysisText Analysis (1)(1)

• Main idea

a university’s purpose is not only to give its students sufficient training for a career, but also to put them in touch with the best of what the human race has created.

Text AnalysisText Analysis (2)(2)

• Structure

Part 1(Para.1-8): the author’s encounter with a student of his

Part 2(Para.9-14): reiteration of the purpose of college education

Text AnalysisText Analysis (3)(3)

• How does the author introduce the topic?

An anecdote/One question

--Why should a pharmacy major needs to read great writers?

Text AnalysisText Analysis (4)(4)

• The author’s point

It’s absolutely necessary for a university student to be exposed to the great minds in human history.

• What evidence does the author give to support his point?

• Evidence 1: the distinctions between a technical training school and a university

• Evidence 2• How to spend the 8 hours of

leisure time will decide whether you are capable of penetrating insight, whether you can be democratic, tasteful and above all, whether you can raise a civilized family.

• Evidence 3• Nobody gets to be a human being

unaided, and books can aid us in becoming a civilized human, both in terms of techniques of mankind, and in terms of spiritual resources.

• What conclusion does the author arrive at ?

• The function of university and its faculties:

a storehouse, make available to Ss those great human minds and experience

•Detailed Explanation Of The Text

Para. 1: an anecdote

• What’s the humor of the first sentence?

• disaster: unhappy experience, a complete failure 惨痛的失败

to be fresh out of/from sth.

• to have just come from a particular place or experience; to have just finished education or training

• a patient fresh out of hospital

• people fresh from their holiday

as if

• He looked as if he was certain of success.

• She opened her mouth as if she was trying to say something.

• He stood as if he was rooted to the ground.

William Shakespeare

Tragedies

Tragedies

Tragedies• 'Hamlet', 'Macbeth', 'King Lear',

'Othello'; • 'Antony and Cleopatra', 'Coriolanus',

'Romeo and Juliet', 'Julius Caesar'; • 'Richard II', 'Richard III', 'Timon of

Athens'; • 'King John', 'Titus Andronicus', 'Henry

VI'.

Comedies

Comedies

• The Merchant of Venice

• Twelfth Night

• As You Like It

• A Midsummer Night's Dream

• The Merry Wives of Windsor

• The Taming of the Shrew

Histories

• Henry IV, Parts 1 and 2

• Henry V

• Richard II/ III

• Henry VIII

• King John

• Henry VI, Parts1, 2 and 3

Para. 2

• Main idea

• It describes the differences between a training school and a college.

Para. 2• New as I was to the faculty, ….

Though I was new… 尽管… .• strange as it may seem….

Though it may seem strange…• Though the weather was

unfavorable…Unfavorable as the weather was,…

Para. 2

• certify + that : to state officially, esp. in writing

• I formally declare that it was not my handwriting.

• I certified that …• This states officially that he studied

in this college from 1989-1991.• This is to certify that….

Para. 2

• to specialize in: to limit one’s study to a particular subject/activity. 专门研究 / 从事

• What do you specialize in?

Para. 2

• to be exposed (to): 了解 , 有机会接触

• to be introduced to sth., to be made to have contact with sth.

• Do you think you should be exposed to western culture?

Para. 2

• generate: to produce, to cause to happen

• generate electricity/power/heat

• generate interest/prejudice/idea

Para. 2

• enrol: to arrange to officially loin a course, a school 报名 , 注册 , 入学

• Our school enrolled more than 1000 students this year.

• I enrolled in literature this year.

Para. 2

• to matter: to have an important effect. 要紧

• Does it matter if I write in pencil?

• It doesn’t matter whether or not you agree. My mind is made up.

Para. 4-Para.6

• The write explains the purpose of education from how we spend every day.

Para 4: 8 hours for sleeping

• put: to express or say sth. in a particular way

• Can you put it in another way/in English?

• I really don’t know how to put it. I don’t really hate the city. I don’t love it either.

• average out to: (informal) to come to an average or ordinary level or standard, esp. after being higher or lower

• Our expenses ~ 1000 yuan per month.

• Meals at the university ~ about 10 yuan per day.

• more or less: approximately; basically, almost

• She works 12 hours a day, more or less.

• I’ve more or less finished my homework.

• hold (=hold good): to be true or valid, to apply 有效 , 适用

• The rule doesn’t hold in this case.

• in/out of love• in/out of trouble, business,

school, touch

Para 5: Skills are important.

• be employed in doing sth.: (written)spend your time doing sth.

• He was employed (or employed himself) in teaching English.

• be usefully employed: spend your time doing sth. useful ( 努力从事有益的工作 )

• see to it that: make sure that

• Can you see to it that all the invitations are delivered today?

• I’ll see to it that everything is ready before the guests arrive.

• May it always suffice: I hope your income will always be enough.

• May+ 动词原形表祝愿，此时， may 须置于句首，多见于正式文体中。

• May all your dreams come true.

• Long may all good people live!

Para 6: The writer tells us the importance of education

• do with: (in questions with “what”) to take action with regard to 处理，安排

• What will we do with the children when we’re away? (=How…deal with)

• penetrating ideas 深刻的思想• preside (over): to be the head

of, to be in charge.• preside over a meeting 主持

会议• preside over the business of

the store. 管理这家店的业务

• democratic intellect

民主思想• reasonably sensitive

稍微有点艺术欣赏能力

Bach 巴赫• organist,• German

composer• church

music• Requiem 安魂曲

Para 7-8: The talk ended in failure.

• be out to do sth./ for sth.: to be trying to get or do sth. 决心 / 力图做某事

• Look out for such seasonal sales. These shops are out to trick you into buying what you don’t need.

• I’m not out for power.

• be stuck for sth. not to know what to do in a particular situation 不知所措，被难住

• In the middle of the speech, he was stuck for words. (=he didn’t know how to go on)

• The next you are stuck for ideas, try this approach.

Para. 9: the business of the college

• put sb. in touch with sth• This book put the readers in touch

with the current way of thinking about Shakespeare.

•Cf. keep/get/be in touch with; lose touch with/be out of touch with

• have no business doing/to do sth.: have no right to do sth., shouldn’t have been/be doing sth.

• You have no business reading my mail.

• on one’s/the way to: on the point of experiencing or achieving; soon becoming

• He is on the way to being the sales manager of the company.

• The project is on the/its way to completion. ( 接近 )

• new species of mechanized savage

• new type of humans who are intellectually simple and not developed and who can only work machines. 可成为机械化野人的新物种

• the push-button Neanderthal

• an uneducated, ignorant person who can only use/operate machines by pushing the button 没有文化，只会按钮的现代原始人

Para.10-13

• No one gets to be a human being unaided.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

• one of the world’s leading research universities, in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

• opened in 1865 in Boston

• among the first schools to use the laboratory method of instruction

• (The) chances are: It is likely that…

• The chances are that he will be elected (the) president.

• If he declines my suggestion, the chances are that he might lose whatever he has now.

• (Just) as…so…: 正如……也是如此

• As water is to fish, so air is to man.

• As the body needs regular exercise, so does the mind need to be refreshed from time to time.

• add to: to increase

• The bad weather added to our difficulties on the trip.

• Their laughter added to her embarrassment.

• in essence: basically, by nature• He is ~ a shy person.• Human history is ~ a history of

ideas.• I~ they were asking for

trouble/the impossible.

Homer

• the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, the two major epics of Greek antiquity

VIRGIL, or VERGI(70-19 BC).

• The greatest of the Roman poets

• 'Georgics‘ established his fame as the foremost poet of his age.

DANTE (1265-1321)

• Italian writer

• One of the greatest poets in the history of world literature

• Dante’s greatest work was the epic poem La divina commedia. It includes three sections:

• the Inferno (Hell)

• the Purgatorio (Purgatory),

• the Paradiso (Paradise)

ARISTOTLE (384-322 BC)

• One of the greatest thinkers of all time, an ancient Greek philosopher.

Geoffrey Chaucer

• the Father of the English Language as well as the Morning Star of Song

Chaucer’s Works

• His last, longest, and most famous work was the 'Canterbury Tales'. His writing dominated English poetry up to the time of Shakespeare.

• He might have said that no one would …

• might +have+v.(p.p): 1) 对已发生的事情进行推测。 2 ）用在虚拟语气中，表示本可以做而未做。

• 比较： could have done ( 过去本能够做而未做；表推测多用于否定句和疑问句，语气比 may, might强，比 must 弱 ), should have done （本该做而未做）

Para.14: conclusion

• both as specialists and as humans: “specialists” here mean people who have acquired some practical skills for a particular profession; “humans” mean civilized creatures with the ability to think.

Rhetorical Technique• Euphemism 委婉语• pass away• rest in peace• senior citizen• go to the bathroom• ladies’ room• sanitary engineer • meat technologist

The end