uned mure project amman

Princess Sumaya University for Technology, Amman, Jordan, 14-15 November 2012

Remote Laboratories: Trends & Challenges

Mohamed Tawfik, Salvador Ros, Felix Garcia-Loro, Elio Sancristobal, Sergio Martin, Charo Gil, Juan Peire, Antonio Colmenar and Manuel Castro

Electrical & Computer Engineering Department (DIEEC)

Spanish University for Distance Education (UNED)

The implementation of practical sessions in engineering education:

• Paves the way for students to be familiar with the instruments and thus, with the industrial real-world

• Augment the learning outcomes by strengthening the understanding of scientific concepts and theories

Unfortunately, there exist a wide gap between the engineering educational curricula and the industrial real-world owing to:

• The lack of experimentation availability• The high cost of equipment and administration burdens

• Online Laboratories address these needs providing on-line ubiquitous workbenches unconstrained by neither temporal nor geographical considerations

• Recently, hundreds of online laboratories have been developed at many universities

Online Laboratories

Virtual Laboratories Remote LaboratoriesSoftware application for web browsers (online) or for desktop

Real physical laboratories controlled online

A survey over the impact of the most promising technologies on engineering education was carried out during the “IEEE Engineering Education Conference 2010” (EDUCON 2010) on 98 experts in engineering education. The survey was available in the conference blog during several weeks before the event

e.g. JKarnaugh v4.1 Virtual Laboratory A virtual laboratory at DIEEC-UNED for solving logic functions by Karnaugh Map method

e.g. Digital Electronics Virtual Laboratory

A virtual laboratory at DIEEC-UNED for simulating logic circuits

Remote laboratories are those laboratories that can be controlled and administrated online. They differ from the virtual simulated laboratories as they are interacting with physical instruments

e.g. Virtual Instrument Systems in Reality (VISIR)

VISIR is a remote laboratory for wiring and measurement of real electronic circuits

e.g. Embedded Systems Remote Lab

A remote laboratory at DIEEC-UNED for programming and monitoring embedded devices such as FPGA, Microcontrollers, and CPLD

e.g. Hydraulic Plant Remote Laboratory

A remote laboratory at DIEEC-UNED for teaching principles of system control and automatic regulation

For more information about remote laboratories, we invite you to access to the web page of the Electrical & Computer Engineering department of the UNED

http://ohm.ieec.uned.es/

Research on Technologies for Engineering Education

Design & Development

The common generic architecture design of today’s remote laboratory for industrial electronics applications

There exist three major challenges in building remote laboratories:• Selecting the lab server software• Selecting the client-server communication technology• Integrating the remote laboratories with the Learning Management System

The common outstanding technologies applied for remote laboratories lab server software development are LabVIEW and MATLAB

Both possess rich and powerful features:

• Data exchange with other GUI applications such as COM, ActiveX, CGI, Java and .Net applications, and web services

• Support for standard Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) such as IVI, VISA, PXI, GPIB, VXI, USB, LXI, and others

• Connection with ODBC or OLEDB compliance database; compilation as DLL files to be called from the Lab server software as a driver to execute the experiments on the hardware

• Support for OPC Servers to enable HMI and SCADA

• LabVIEW is the most popular remote laboratory environment and it is the most outstanding representative of graphical programming language visualization and parameter tuning for remote operation

• MATLAB is the most powerful computing language for control algorithm development and simulation

• Full using of their advantages can achieve high efficiency programming. In numerous remote laboratories applications, a hybrid method was adopted; the signal acquisition and the GUI were developed with LabVIEW, while numerical calculation and signal processing were developed with MATLAB

LabVIEW can support several ways of hybrid programming with MATLAB by means of:• ActiveX automation technology• DLL technology• COM technology• MathScript RT Module

Mathscript module allows embedding .m file scripts in LabVIEW applications by connecting the text-based I/O variables with the inputs and outputs of LabVIEW

The client-server layer is responsible for the communication between user interface and the lab server

• The client-server layer is responsible for the communication between user interface and the lab server

There exist a wide variety of technologies for the communication between client-server:

Desktop Sharing security problems

• Virtual Network Computing (VNC) very slow

• Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) limited to a single connection Common Gateway Interface (CGI) performance problems ActiveX and Java Applets plugins required

Rich Internet Applications (RIAs) plugins required LabVIEW Web server only with LabVIEW applications

Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX) the actual trend

Each of these solutions have its relative advantages and disadvantages. However, the trend is more shifted towards web standards such as AJAX and Web services. On the mean time for LabVIEW applications LabVIEW web interface is the common choice

Integration & Implementation

Recently, remote laboratories have been developed at multiple universities and adopted in engineering education. Furthermore, some of these laboratories are replicated at many universities such as the electronic circuit’s remote labs: NetLab, VISIR, and labs based on NI ELVIS II

This was the commence of a new mainstream which advocates a better remodeling of those laboratories to allow their allocation, sharing among universities, and their communication with other heterogeneous systems, e.g., Learning Management Systems (LMS)

The integration of remote laboratories with educational platform could be classified as follows:

Integration with Learning Management Systems (LMSs) Integration with Metadata Repository Integration with Remote Laboratory Management Systems (RLMSs)

I. Integration with Learning Management Systems (LMSs)

LMS is a software application for the realizing classrooms and courses online

LMSs have been widely used in distance education for the past two decades. It provides many tools and features such as: Administration Tools: user registration, account roles, user profile, assign

tutors, students and groups, billings, design course contents, scheduling, etc. Synchronous and Asynchronous Communication Tools: chat, forums,

video conference, webinars, events, news, emails, calendars, blogs etc. Multimedia sharing Tools: Upload and download videos, audios, photos, files,

etc. Evaluation and Tracking Tool:. Surveys, exams, assignments, user tracking, etc. Standard Compatibility: LMS organizes the content in a hierarchical structure

with regarding to a specific standard in order to allow swapping contents between different LMS without re-writing it again. From the most common used standards are: Shareable Courseware Object Reference Model (SCORM) & IMS for content

packing IMS QTI (Question and Test Interoperability) for tests and evaluations, Learning Object Metadata (LOM) and Dublin Core for describing and reusing

learning objects.

LMS can be open source such as: Moodle , dotLRN, Sakai, Claroline, etc. which could be easily developed and redesigned, thus all our researches are realized focusing on these types of LMS. While Proprietary types such as Blackboard, JoomlaLMS, SharePointLMS, etc. could only be modified by their developers.

Even though, most of the features provided by LMS are of crucial importance to practical sessions. LMS, however, is confined to theoretical resources and doesn’t support their practical counterparts

Students

Provided Services:· Administrative tools· Scheduling· Synchronous and asynchronous

communication tools· Assessment and tracking tools· Multimedia sharing tools· Standard compatibility

The goal is to make use of all the services provided by open source LMSs and apply them in the remote practical lab sessions. As well, to make use of standards such Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM), and deliver remote experiments in form of SCORM to be launched at any compatible LMS.

Web services-based Middleware Architecture developed at DIEEC-UNED for integrating remote laboratories into open source LMSs such as Moodle.

InternetStudent

Student

Internet

Broker Server

Data Base

InstrumentsController

Software Lab

MIDDLEWARE

Internet

Internet?

?InstrumentsController

Software Lab

http://www.lila-project.org/

II. Integration with Metadata Repository

http://www.lab2go.net/

II. Integration with Metadata Repository

III. Integration with Remote Laboratory Management Systems (RLMSs)

Lab ServersEquipments

…...

Diferent Remote Lab Systems

· Common Access Portal· Management· Administrative Tools· Communication Tools· ..· Other

The most remarkable RLMSs that have spread among several universities are:

iLab Shared Archuitecture (ISA) – Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Sahara (Labshare) – University of Technology, Sydney (UTS)

WebLab Deusto – University of Deusto

iLab Shared Architecture (ISA) www.ilab.mit.edu/

Sahara (Labshare)

scheduling server admin

virtual machinesDatabase

Web Server Scheduling Server

Master Server

rig provider

rigs of same typehttp://www.labshare.edu.au/

WebLab Deusto

http://www.weblab.deusto.es/

iLab (ISA) Labshare (Sahara) WebLab Deusto

Developer Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

University of Technology of Sydney

University of Deusto

Web Technologies Microsoft (ASP.NET, MS SQL, and IIS).

PHP, Java, PostgreSQL, and Apache.

Python, Java, MySQL, and Apache.

Compatibility Only runs on Microsoft Windows Server.

Cross-platform. Cross-platform.

Authentication

Simple database authentication and ticketing.

Simple database authentication and interface to an institution’s local such as Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP).

Simple database authentication, OpenID, trusted IP address, Facebook, and LDAP.

Client-server communication

Http-based protocols. Http-based protocols, AJAX, and virtual machines.

Http-based protocols, AJAX and virtual machines.

Provided Services

· user accounts and administrative tools

· scheduling · interactive experiments · user tracking · batched experiments · strong support to distributed

and federated user account management owing to its genius distributive architecture and the functionality of SB, LSS, USS, and ESS

· scheduling · interactive experiments · queuing · arbitration of access to

multiple identical experiment workbench

· scheduling · interactive experiments · queuing · user tracking · mobile access

Multiuser collaboration and communication

Not supported Not supported Not supported

Adding experiments

Complex, owing to the web services API design for the communication with service broker, LSS, USS, and ESS. However, it integrates LabVIEW GUI in a standard and easy way.

Simple, due to its simple protocol and configuration and it is based on virtual machine which provides direct access to the local lab server.

Simple, it provides libraries for Java Applets, Adobe Flash, Java, .NET, LabVIEW, C\C++, and Python, to ease integration of new experiments based on different technologies.

No. of universities 3 (Africa), 3 (Australia), 2 (Asia), 3 (Europe), 2 (North America)

4 (Australia) [62] 2 (Spain)

No. of laboratories added

21 13 6

GOLC: Global Online Laboratory Consortium

• The GOLC consortium is focused on promoting the development and sharing of, and research into remotely accessible laboratories for educational use

• The GOLC partners include most of the pioneers in remote laboratories development and deployment

http://online-lab.org/

GOLC: Global Online Laboratory Consortium

• The trend in researching within GOLC is to create standard APIs that allows communication with different remote laboratory systems that adhere to this standard

• For instance, users of Sahara could access experiments integrated in iLab and vice versaUSER Lab ServerArchitecture

iLab (ISA)

LabShare (Sahara)

Computer Controlled Commercial Kits for Renewable Energy Applications

Alecop: Solar Photovoltaic Training Device

http://www.alecop.com/

Lucas-Nülle: UniTrain-I Photovoltaic course

http://www.lucas-nuelle.com/

Lucas-Nülle: Small wind power plant

Lucas-Nülle: Fuel cell technology

Edibon: Photovoltaic Solar Energy Modular Trainers

http://www.edibon.com/

Edibon: Computer Controlled Wind Energy Basic Unit

Edibon: Computer Controlled Thermal Solar Energy Basic Unit

Edibon: Computer Controlled PEM Fuel Cell Unit

Edibon: Computer Controlled Bioethanol Process Unit

Edibon: Computer Controlled Biogas Process Unit

Edibon: Computer Controlled Biodiesel Process Unit

Edibon: Computer Controlled Waves Energy Unit

Edibon: Computer Controlled Tidal Energy Unit

Edibon: Computer Controlled Submarine Currents Energy Unit

Edibon: Computer Controlled Geothermal (low enthalpy) Energy Unit

Edibon: Computer Controlled Generating Stations Control

and Regulation Simulator

Edibon: Computer Controlled Stirling Motor

ELEKTRON: Solar Energy Trainer-100

http://www.tiendaelektron.com/

ELEKTRON: Solar Energy SolarTec-70

ELEKTRON: Wind Generator

ELEKTRON: Solar Thermal Kit

ELEKTRON: Solar Thermal Trainer

Remote Lab Applications for Renewable Energy

“Petru Maior” University of Tg.Mureş:Data acquisition system for monitoring of the solar

energy parameters

Transylvania University of Brasov:NI ELVIS Photovoltaic Experiment

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University:

Remote Triggered Photovoltaic Solar Cell Lab

References• Castro, M., Sancristobal, E., Martin, S., Gil, R., Tawfik, M., Pesquera, A., Albert, M. J., Diaz, G., &

Peire, J. (2012). One Step Ahead in the Future of Labs: Widgets, Ubiquity and Mobility. In Remote Eng. & Virtual Instrum. (REV) 2012. Bilbao

• Sancristobal, E., Martín, S., Gil, R., Orduña, P., Tawfik, M., Pesquera, A., Diaz, G., Colmenar, A., García-Zubia, J., & Castro, M. (2012). State of art, Initiatives and New challenges for Virtual and Remote Labs. In 12th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT). Rome, Italy

• Sancristobal, E., Pesquera, A., Martin, S., Gil, R., Tawfik, M., Castro, M., Ruiz, E., Diaz, G., Colmenar, A., & Carpio, J. (2012). Challenges of applying online learning tools in distance learning courses. In Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), 2012 IEEE (pp. 1-7)

• Tawfik, M., Sancristobal, E., Martin, S., Diaz, G., & Castro, M. (2012). State-of-the-art remote laboratories for industrial electronics applications. In Technologies Applied to Electronics Teaching (TAEE), 2012 (pp. 359-364)

• Tawfik, M., Sancristobal, E., Martin, S., Gil, R., Diaz, G., Peire, J., & Castro, M. (2012). On the Design of Remote Laboratories. In Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), IEEE (pp. 1-6). Marrakesh

References• Tawfik, M., Sancristobal, E., Martin, S., Gil, R., Pesquera, A., Tovar, E., Llamas-Nistal, M., Diaz, G., Peire, J.,

& Castro, M. (2012). Common Multidisciplinary Prototypes of Remote Laboratories in the Educational Curricula of Electrical & Computer Engineering. In ASEE Annual Conference (pp. AC 2012-3227). San Antonio, Texas

• Tawfik, M., Sancristobal, E., Martin, S., Gil, C., Pesquera, A., Losada, P., Diaz, G., Peire, J., Castro, M., Garcia-Zubia, J., Hernandez, U., Orduna, P., Angulo, I., Costa Lobo, M. C., Marques, M. A., Viegas, M. C., & Alves, G. R. (2011). VISIR deployment in undergraduate engineering practices. In Global Online Laboratory Consortium Remote Laboratories Workshop (GOLC), 2011 First (pp. 1-7)

• Martin, S., Diaz, G., Plaza, I., Ruiz, E., Castro, M., & Peire, J. (2011). State of the art of frameworks and middleware for facilitating mobile and ubiquitous learning development. Journal of Systems and Software, 84, 1883-1891

• Sergio Martin, Gabriel Diaz, Elio Sancristobal, Rosario Gil, Manuel Castro and Juan Peire, “New technology trends in education: Seven years of forecasts and convergence”, Computers & Education, Vol 57, N 3, P. 1893-1906, 2011

• Tawfik, M., Sancristobal, E., Martin, S., Gil, R., Diaz, G., Peire, J., Castro, M., Nilsson, K., Zackrisson, J., Ha, x00Ba, kansson, L., & Gustavsson, I. (2012). Virtual Instrument Systems in Reality (VISIR) for Remote Wiring and Measurement of Electronic Circuits on Breadboard. Learning Technologies, IEEE Transactions on, PP, 1-1

Remote Laboratories: Trends & Challenges

Thanks for your Attention!Salvador Ros

Electrical & Computer Engineering Department (DIEEC)

Spanish University for Distance Education (UNED)

uned mure project amman

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