understand bay area problems. bay area faults earth material

Understand Bay Area Problems

Bay Area Faults

Earth Material

Transportation routes

BART

Landslides

Liquefaction

Flooding

Fires

1906

Kobe, 1995 1989, Loma Prieta

In addition:

• Power outages: (10 days in New Orleans)

• Loss of immediate emergency services

• Loss of local communication

Hayward fault earthquake

• Potential of a M7 earthquake

• 2 ½ million people live in close proximity

• Unconsolidated sediments and bay mud

• Transportation lines• Directly through urban

areas

Catastrophe

• Is partially defined when the disaster is so large that all forms of emergency plans fail

• Innovative and non-linear ideas are needed

• Government cannot always respond in this manner

• Martial law-1906 earthquake

• “Looters” apprehended while victims were without help- Katrina

Katrina

• August-December 16,000 people displaced

• 1000 schools gone

• 41/2 million cubic yards of debris

• 815 million dollars of public assistance

• 10 days for PG&E to reestablish service

• People tend to help each other

• Government is afraid of losing control

• Looters: shoot to kill

Government Assistance-Recovery: 1906 earthquake

Breakfast, March 11th, 1933

2000 Sailors and Marines helped in the aftermath

San Simeon Earthquake

• Mw 6.5

• 12/22/03

• Reverse fault

• Hypocenter: 12 miles

• MM VIII

• 2 fatalities

San Simeon Earthquake

• Declared a state emergency –December 27th

• Federally eligible funds for rental assistance and home repairs- $68 million

• Small business bureau- $5 million

• OES- dealing with Southern Ca firestorm and Homeland Security

• 2500 people visited FEMA centers

San Simeon Earthquake

• Need for Mutual Aid Resources to coordinate money distribution

• Cell-phone compliance with building code

• Improve building codes• URM structures must

post sign warning of danger

Search and Rescue

• Urban Search and Rescue system

• 27 teams• Funded by FEMA• Each team has 62

specialists• medical personnel,

structural engineers, canines

Search and Rescue

• Trained and certified• know how to safely go

into collapsed structures and systematically search an area

• locate trapped people and let the handler know

Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000

• A state, local or tribal government shall develop a plan and submit the plan to the Federal government for approval

ABAG’S Local Hazard Mitigation Plan

• Public policies: potential hazards

• Fulfill the requirements of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000

• Funded by FEMA

Recovery in the United States

• Federal Government-Homeland Security and Federal Emergency Management Agency

• State Government- Office of Emergency Services

• Local Government- County and City

Federal Government

• Federal Government-Homeland Security and Federal Emergency Management Agency

• President declares the area a national disaster• Distributes emergency money and accepts

applications for low cost loans• May work with up to 28 other federal agencies

– Department of energy– Small business bureau– Department of agriculture

Federal Government

• Provides the initial emergency response through its service agencies

• Activates the Emergency Operations Center and the Emergency Operations Plan

• Coordinates the response with public and private organizations

• Activates mutual aid

State Government

• Reviews and evaluates the local situation

• Determines whether the situation is beyond the capability of the State to handle

• Proclaims a state of emergency

• Requests Federal assistance

State Government

• Office of Emergency Services• Disaster response- gathering of accurate

disaster damage data for the Governor and President

• Recovery- help direct funds and help where needed

• 6 regions• Emergency training

Office of Emergency Services

• San Jose PREPARED

• Local chapter of state agency to provide education, training and support to individuals and emergency response teams

The Red Cross

• Chartered by Congress in 1905

• national and international relief

• disaster relief includes shelter, food, health and mental health services

• assistance is given to help people resume their normal activities

• provides blood

American Red Cross

• Feeds emergency workers

• helps people outside a disaster area obtain information about individuals located within a disaster area

• relies on volunteers

• education and preparation

• responds to more than 67,000 disasters/year

Human impact

Personal messages posted on van

at Emergency Center.

Loma Prieta earthquake, 1989

Photo credit: C.E. Meyer, U.S.

Geological Survey

Recovery: developing countries

• Dependent on international aid: private and government organizations

• Sumatra earthquake and tsunami, 2004

• Pakistan earthquake, 2005

• China earthquake, 2009

• Haiti earthquake, 2010

• Chile earthquake, 2010

Evaluation of Structures

Turning off the gas

• Turn the valve with a wrench or special tool

• The off position shows the valve perpendicular to the pipe

• turn 1/4 of a turn

Personal Preparedness

• Emergency plans• Eliminate non-structural hazards• Prepare emergency supplies: home and

car• Understand possible hazards in Bay

Area depending on location of epicenter• Understand hazards at locations• Understand possible scenarios: work;

school; home• Know what to do when shaking ends

Thank-you, for a great semester!

• Know where the nearest fault is at home, work or school

• Be aware of the surroundings, at all times• Have an emergency route planned back to

home before the earthquake occur• Communicate an emergency plan with family

members or roommates• Have food, water and medical supplies on

hand• Best wishes to survive the next earthquake!