u in german surface … manfred birke, ………….and tap waters...
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U in German surface …... Manfred Birke,
………….and tap waters. Ewald Schnug
.... more than 45,000 pieces of plastic debrisfloat on every square mile of ocean..... *
* (Botham, N. (2005) The world´s greatest book of useless information. John Blake Publ. London, UK
Finally .....
... everything ends up in our water ...
Uranium in stream waterof the Federal Republic of Germany
Manfred Birke & Uwe Rauch
B4.15 Inorganic Geochemistry, Dr. M. Birke
Int. Symposium Protecting Water Bodies from Negative Impacts of Agriculture
Loads and Fate of Fertilizer Derived Uranium
4. - 6. June 2007
Uranium in stream water of the Federal Republic of Germany
B4.15 Inorganic Geochemistry, Dr. M. Birke
Frequency distribution of uranium in stream water (GeochemicalAtlas of Germany)
Stream water sampling site 696 (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)
Methods and statistical parameters
Uranium in stream water of the Federal Republic of Germany
B4.15 Inorganic Geochemistry, Dr. M. Birke
Uranium in stream water (Geochemical Atlas of Germany, Birke et al. 2006)
Soil map of Germany (after BGR 2006)
Uranium in stream water of the Federal Republic of Germany
B4.15 Inorganic Geochemistry, Dr. M. Birke
Regional uranium distribution in stream water
>
Uranium in stream water of the Federal Republic of Germany
B4.15 Inorganic Geochemistry, Dr. M. Birke
Box plot of statistical values for U in stream water according to geology
Uranium in stream water of the Federal Republic of Germany
B4.15 Inorganic Geochemistry, Dr. M. Birke
Box plot of statistical values for U in stream waterflowing over various substrata
Box plot of statistical values for U in stream water according to land use
U in German tap watersEwald Schnug & Holger Lilienthal (FAL Braunschweig)
Nathalie Costa & Robert Kreuzig (TU Braunschweig) Broder Merkel (TU Freiberg)
Plasma torch
ICP-MS
Sampling
The survey covers water to which34% of the German population has access throug public tap supplies.
0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000Uranium [ppb] (n: 383)
0
2
4
6
8
10
Freq
uenc
y (%
)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Cum
ulat
ive
freq
uenc
y (%
)
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0Uranium [ppb] (n: 383)
0
4
8
12
Freq
uenc
y (%
)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Cum
ulat
ive
freq
uenc
y (%
)
Uranium in tap water (circles)over uranium in stream water (background)
Uranium (log) in tap water
Uranium (<2ppb) in tap water
Table . Mean, median (µg l-1 U) and percentiles (%) for uranium concentrations in different sets of drinking water samples
P38-survey wellwaters
P38-survey
tapwaters
German survey
tap waters
German bottled waters
European bottled waters
World bottled waters
n 48 39 383 241 384 485
Mean 0.87 0.18 0.46 3.34 3.45 3.17
Median < LLD < LLD 0.15 0.11 0.18 0.17
Minimum < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD
Maximum 8.95 1.44 8.54 474 474 474
Percentiles 10 < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD
20 < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD
25 < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD 0.01
30 < LLD < LLD < LLD 0.01 0.01 0.02
40 < LLD < LLD < LLD 0.05 0.05 0.06
50 < LLD < LLD 0.15 0.11 0.18 0.17
60 0.54 < LLD 0.27 0.26 0.47 0.43
70 0.68 < LLD 0.45 0.72 0.86 0.82
75 0.70 < LLD 0.59 1.29 1.18 1.15
80 1.12 0.06 0.71 2.00 1.96 1.83
90 2.32 0.95 0.99 5.64 5.22 4.47
German streamwaters
9440.900.33
< LLD43.7
Conclusions:
German surface water contains on an average twiceas much U than tap water.
Geology has a strong influence on U concentrationsin surface and tap water.
In areas with low natural U background an influenceof agricultural land use is evident.
Thank you for your attention!
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