trs as measurement of tf: customs experience in asia pacific
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TRS as Measurement of TF: TRS as Measurement of TF: Customs Experience in Asia Customs Experience in Asia
PacificPacific
Shujie ZHANG Shujie ZHANG WCO Regional Office for Capacity Building (ROCB) WCO Regional Office for Capacity Building (ROCB)
For the WCO PICARD Conference 2009For the WCO PICARD Conference 2009Sep 28–30, 2009 Sep 28–30, 2009
San Jose, Costa Rica San Jose, Costa Rica
Collect revenue Protect domestic Ind.
Protect society
Secure trade security
Facilitate legitimate
trade
controlfacilitation
Why: Efficiency of CustomsWhy: Efficiency of CustomsHow to
measure?
Why: Why: Complexity inComplexity in IImportationmportation Customs
Port Authority
Import License
Food sanitation
Airlines Quarantines
Importer
Shipping lines
Forwarder
Customs Broker
Warehouse
BanksContainer Yards
Immigration
Border Police
Agents
Why: Stakeholders Why: Stakeholders Customs &OGAs
- Internal audits or review- Continous improvement- Link to modernization
Trade community
- Remove time delays - Modern logistics like just-in-time inventory- Predictability and transparency
Government - Trade facilitation - Better revenue generation- Good governance
International community
- WTO trade facilitation negotiation - Remove non-tariff barriers
Simplified, transparent proceduresEfficient processing of legitimate trade flowReduced time and cost
TRS: Image (sea) TRS: Image (sea)
Consumed by
Shipping companyShipping agent
Port Authority, etc.
Consumedby
Importer,Customs brokerContainer Yard
OGAs, etc.
Consumedby
CustomsBank
Customsbroker
Consumedby
Port AuthorityContainer Yard
Warehouse,Forwarder, etc.
DeclarationShip Arrival PermissionUnloading Delivery
1991
First TRS by First TRS by Japan and USJapan and US
1994
TRS was TRS was adopted by adopted by
WCOWCO
2001
TRS TRS Guideline Guideline was was rreviewed & eviewed & updated updated by WCOby WCO
2005
TRS Software TRS Software was was developed by developed by WCO and the WCO and the World BankWorld Bank
What: TWhat: TRSRS Timeline Timeline
Link to Other TF IndicatorsLink to Other TF Indicators
Logistics Logistics PerformaPerformance Indexnce Index
Enabling Enabling Trade IndexTrade Index
Doing Doing Business Business IndexIndex
Cross borderTime/procedures
Regional Rollout: Membership Regional Rollout: Membership
Regional Rollout: Phased ApRegional Rollout: Phased Approach proach
Initiation Preparation
Data Collection
Data Analysis &
Report
Action For Improve- ment
Level Countries / Projects
Time Method Use of WCO Software
First Time Initiation Support
Country Level
Australia 2007 Manual No Yes APEC Japan, Korea
China 2006 Manual No Yes APEC ROCB
Indonesia 2006 Manual No Yes NA JICA
Japan Since 1991
Manual No Periodical Self /
Korea Since 1997
Auto-matic
No Periodical Self /
Lao PDR 2008 Manual Yes Yes World Bank
ROCB
Philippines 2002 Manual No Yes Self JICA
Malaysia 1995,2007
Manual Yes No Self WCO
Thailand 2006 Manual No Yes Self ROCB
Regional Level
GMS CBTA EWC TRS[i]
2009 Manual Yes No[ii] ADB ROCB
BIMP-EAGA TRS[iii]
2009 Manual Yes Yes ADB ROCB
Regional Rollout: MatrixRegional Rollout: Matrix
Conduct regularly since 1991Conduct regularly since 1991 DurationDuration: 7 consecutive days: 7 consecutive days
(8(8thth TRS: 13-19 March 2006) TRS: 13-19 March 2006) Geographical ScopeGeographical Scope: All regional Customs: All regional Customs (At least one sea port).(At least one sea port). Types of goodsTypes of goods: All cargoes.: All cargoes. Choice of TrafficChoice of Traffic: Sea and Air: Sea and Air Choice of Customs OfficeChoice of Customs Office: 22 major sea : 22 major sea ports and 4 major air ports.ports and 4 major air ports.
Regional Rollout : Japan Case Regional Rollout : Japan Case
26.826.031.135.135.439.445.247.6
33.736.8
37.846.049.5
63.784.9
94.5
3.34.3
4.95.6
10.213.1
19.826.1
0 50 100 150 20020062004200119981996199319921991
Arrival-Unload Unlord-Declaration Declaration-Permission
1.2
2.6
3.5
3.5
6.7
7.5
8.6
8.7
12.8
14.0
21.6
27.3
37.9
34.6
42.7
41.6
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.7
1.8
1.6
1.6
2.3
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
2006
2004
2001
1998
1996
1993
1992
1991
Arrival-Unload Unlord-Declaration Declaration-Permission
35.6
4.4Cargo owner
Shipping company andothers
Quantitative Evaluation (billion yen)
Source: Ministry of Finance, Japan (2004 year basis)
Regional Rollout: ROCB RoleRegional Rollout: ROCB Role TRS Workshop in Thailand (2006) TRS Workshop in Thailand (2006) TRS Workshop in China (2006) TRS Workshop in China (2006) TRS Workshop in Lao PDR, in cooperation with World TRS Workshop in Lao PDR, in cooperation with World
Bank (2008, 2009)Bank (2008, 2009) TRS Workshop for BIMP-EGGA (Mar.2009) TRS Workshop for BIMP-EGGA (Mar.2009) TRS Workshop for GMS EWEC (Jun.2009)TRS Workshop for GMS EWEC (Jun.2009)
Developed “Regional Best Practice Compendium on Developed “Regional Best Practice Compendium on TRS” (2007) TRS” (2007)
Regional Rollout : Common findingsRegional Rollout : Common findings Customs may not be a significant impedimentCustoms may not be a significant impediment Entities and variables on TTF are numerous and uEntities and variables on TTF are numerous and u
sually intertwined and inter-dependent sually intertwined and inter-dependent The private sector may be responsible for some dThe private sector may be responsible for some d
elays elays Regular conduct of a TRS Regular conduct of a TRS
Regional Rollout: Dilemmas Regional Rollout: Dilemmas Customs only vs. whole process? Customs only vs. whole process? Look easy vs. actually difficult? Look easy vs. actually difficult? Standard-alone vs. integral? Standard-alone vs. integral? Quantitative vs. qualitative? Quantitative vs. qualitative? Performance measurement or not? Performance measurement or not? Benchmarking tool or not? Benchmarking tool or not? The quicker, the better? The quicker, the better?
On Successful TRS On Successful TRS Political will and concrete commitment shoulPolitical will and concrete commitment should be in place. d be in place. Stakeholders’ buy-in should be obtained. Stakeholders’ buy-in should be obtained. Project management approach should be adoProject management approach should be adopted. pted. Defining types and components of clearance pDefining types and components of clearance process is critical. rocess is critical. Principle of 3W & H should be followed.Principle of 3W & H should be followed. Use findings properly and utilized wisely Use findings properly and utilized wisely
ConclusionsConclusions
TRS can contribute to the continuous TRS can contribute to the continuous improvement of trade and transportation improvement of trade and transportation facilitationfacilitation
The WCO Guideline should be adapted locally. The WCO Guideline should be adapted locally. TRS incorporated into national TTF strategy TRS incorporated into national TTF strategy
and Customs modernization programand Customs modernization program Capacity building is criticalCapacity building is critical
Shujie (Jack) ZHANGShujie (Jack) ZHANGTechnical AttachéTechnical Attaché
WCO ROCB (Bangkok) WCO ROCB (Bangkok) shujie@rocbap.orgshujie@rocbap.orgrocb@rocbap.orgrocb@rocbap.org
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