travel demand management - wri beijing project

Daizong Liu

Director of WRI China Transport Program

Transforming Transportation 2017

Travel Demand Management WRI Beijing Project

Outline

1.Why TDM in China

2.WRI China TDM Offers

3.WRI TDM Works in China

4.Initial Achievements

Why TDM in China

1

Energy-related CO2 emissions of China was 28% of the global total in 2014, and will be 16.5 Gt in 2030. The contribution of transport sector has been increasing. By 2030, it will be 33% of total CO2 emissions

Why TDM in China

Why TDM in China 1

Source: NASA, BCL, and Gaode

30%PM 2.5

EMISSION FROM URBAN TRANSPORT

$127 LOSS

IN TIME-COST EVERY MONTH DUE TO TRAFFIC JAMS, WHILE AVERAGE MONTHLY INCOME IS $1060 IN BEIJING

115 MINUTES

STUCK IN TRAFFIC EVERY WEEKDAY IN BEIJING

1% GDP

= HEALTH COSTS OF TRANSPORT EMISSION; 10% AVERAGE INCOME = TIME LOSS BY TRAFFIC JAM

2 WRI China TDM Offers

Implementation Pathway 2

TDM Agenda 2

TDM Agenda

Car Ownership

Usage Control

Physical Restraints

Mode Shift

WRI TDM Works in Beijing

3

3 Bejing TDM Project

Notes:

red = strong mandate, quick and obvious effect; orange = medium policy mandate, obvious effect for short-term rather than long-term; green = weak policy, effect not obvious.

Beijing TDM Project 3

Notes:

red = strong mandate, quick and obvious effect; orange = medium policy mandate, obvious effect for short-term rather than long-term; green = weak policy, effect not obvious.

3 Beijing TDM Practices

Improve vehicle

ownership regulation

Reduce

car usage

Reduce initial travel

demand

Alter travel demand during

peak hours

Urban planning Promote job-housing balance Complete streets

Increase percentage of new energy Veh Proof-of-parking for vehicle purchase Market-oriented allocation scheme 63 million cars by 2020

Low emission zone/ Congestion charging Differentiated parking prices Traffic restrictions based on regions and times Transit freight vehicle detours

Flexible work schedule Internet-based work Early bird discounted

subway fares

Area: 16,807.8 km2 Population: 21.7 million Vehicle ownership: 5.7 million Average daily driving times: 2.4 Average daily driving distances: 13.1 km

Average daily public transport passenger journeys: 20.4 million person-times

Subway operating mileage: 554 km Bus lanes: 741 km Green transport mode share in central city:

70.7%

Beijing LEZ/CC Project

Beijing LEZ/CC

Legislation

Institutional Setup

Public Communication

Policy Schemes

Design Management

Enforcement

Finance

3

Beijing CC Policy Public Opinion Survey

Over 10,000 questionnaires in total conducted

3

23.2%

28.5%

28.5% 28.5%

支持

中立

反对 48.3%

23.2% Opposed

Supported

Neutral 32.0%

16.3%

28.5%

14.0%

9.3%

一般 比较支持 非常支持

较不支持

18%

非常不支

Neutral

Fairly Supported

Strongly Supported

Opposed

Strongly Opposed

• Implementation of CC has potential benefits.

3

Public Support Degree

• The better the public know about the cc policy, the more supportive they are.

Beijing CC Policy Public Opinion Survey

19.3%

40.8%

34.7% 10.6%

(81.6%) know little about policy

(18.4%) know well about policy

Initial Achievements

4

Initial Achievements

Beijing imposes stricter travel restrictions on vehicles. Starting from Feb. 15, 2017, the city’s 456,000 vehicles meeting Euro 1 and 2 standards will be banned on all work days within the 5th Ring Road.

Initial Achievements

Working with Beijing TV Station, we produced a TV program, broadcast on Sept 15, 2016, called “Searching for Measures to Mitigate Congestion” based on our CC public opinion survey to educate the public that CC coupled with a package of measures could effectively reduce congestion.

Initial Achievements

"Urban Public Transport 13th Five Year Plan " issued by MOT in July 2016, bought a package of TDM solutions to mitigate urban traffic congestions.

Daizong Liu

dzliu@WRI.org

THANK YOU. Thank you