today: diets and calorie restriction. in class activity: of the diets that you researched: which...

Today: Diets and Calorie Restriction

In class activity:Of the diets that you researched:Which would be best for losing weight?Which would be best for maintaining a healthy weight?

Complex molecules are broken down and then used to build needed molecules and to produce energy

The Calorie Restriction Societyfor people trying to live longer by eating fewer calories

http://youtube.com/watch?v=YTQR7o9ap9Y

http://www.calorierestriction.org/

http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/12/30/eveningnews/main1172297.shtml

http://stke.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/sci;315/5815/1133

http://stke.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/sci;315/5812/584

Calorie Restriction related websites:

Regulation of Drosophila Life Span by Olfaction and Food-Derived OdorsS Libert, J Zwiener, X Chu, W VanVoorhies, G Roman, S PletcherScience Vol. 315:1133 - 113723 February 2007

Calorie Restricted Flies Normal Diet Flies

Reduced calories increase lifespan in flies

Fig 1

Calorie Restricted Flies Normal Diet Flies

Smelling food reduces life span in CR flies

Fig 1

Flies with a poor sense of smell live longer Or83b is a gene involved in the fly’s sense of smell

Fig 2A

Fig 4B

Flies lacking the Or83b gene are resistant to

starvation

Calorie Restricted Flies Normal Diet Flies

Smelling food reduces life span in CR flies

Fig 1

Ageing Research ReviewsVolume 4, Issue 3, August 2005, Pages 339-350

Why dietary restriction substantially increases longevity in animal models but won’t in humans

Reproduction reduces survival

Fig53.8

Ageing Research ReviewsVolume 4, Issue 3, August 2005, Pages 339-350

Why dietary restriction substantially increases longevity in animal models but won’t in humans

decreased calories =decreased reproduction

and humans do not put much energy into reproduction

JAMA, November 7, 2007—Vol 298, No. 17 pg 2028-37

Cause-Specific Excess Deaths Associatedwith Underweight, Overweight, and ObesityFlegal KM et alJAMA, November 7, 2007—Vol 298, No. 17 pg 2028-37

Overweight (BMI 25-30) people live longer than normal (BMI 18.5-25), underweight (BMI<18.5), or obese (BMI>30) people

Next... Transporting materials within an organism