tips rapidos de sporlan.pdf
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T h e p u r p o s e o f t h e e x t e r n a l
equal izer is to sense the pres-sure in the suct ion l ine AT THE
BULB LOCATION and tr an smi t
it to the TEV diaphragm.
This usual ly means ins tal l ing the external
equal izer immedia te ly down s t ream f rom thebu lb . This ensur es the cor re c t pre ssure is s ig-
n a led to th e TEV.
In some s i tuat ions this ideal locat ion may
not be poss ible . In these cases , an al ternate
Where should
the TEV External
Equalizer be
installed?
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
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locat ion, such as at B o r C ( s e e d i a g r a m ) ,co uld b e u sed. However , it m ust be co nfirm ed
that the pressure at these locat ions is near ly
ident ical to the pressure in the l ine where the
bu lb is loc ated.
In o ther word s , loca tion s B a n d C are acce p t-
able as long as these pressures are essent ial ly
the sam e as A when the sys tem is op er at ing at
fu ll loa d .
In the pas t the re has been concern abou t
ins tal l ing the external equal izer up-s tream
from the bulb. This was due to the poss ibi l i ty
of refrigerant leaking past the TEV push rods,
pa ss ing thr ou gh the eq ua lizer line an d into the
suction line, thus falsely influencing the TEVbulb temperature. Today, with Sporlans TEV
d esign, this p o ssibility is virtua lly elim ina ted .
EVAPORATOR
C
A
B
TEV
COMPRESSOR
A Reputation Built on Q uality
Sporlan Valve Company206 Lange Drive Washington, MO 63090
Copyright 1999 By Sporlan Valve Company
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
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Sporlan Catch-All
Large Amount ofDesiccant Molded into a
Porous Core
Final Safety Filter Consistingof a Fiberglass Pad and
100 Mesh Screen
The Perfect Filter-Drier
What makes
the Sporlan
Catch-All
different?
Th e fam o u s m o ld ed p o r o u s co r e .
The Sporlan Catch-All Filer-Drierel iminates al l the weaknesses of
loose-fi l led models by molding a
b l en d o f s p e c i a l l y s e l e c t e d
desiccants in to a porous co re .
The co r e p r o vid es exce llen t fil tr a-
t ion without the poss ibi l i ty of d e c i c c a n t p o w d e r i n g , p a c k i n g
an d e scap ing into the sys tem .
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
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What are thefunctions of
the Catch-Alls
special blend ofdesiccants?
Removes Moisture - Mois tur e is an imp or -
tant factor in the formation of acids, s ludge,copp er p la ting and co r r os ion .
Re mo ve s Dirt - Num er ou s meta llic con tam -
inants such as cas t i ron dust , rus t , s teel and
co p p e r ch ip s can d amag e co mp r es s o r b ea r -
ings and plug capi l lary tubes or expansionvalves.
Removes Sludge and Varnish - Although
the u tmos t precaut ion may be taken in the
design and fabr icat ion of a sys tem, once inop er a tion , un usua lly h igh d ischa rge tem per a-
tures wi l l cause the o i l to break down and
for m s lud ge a nd var n ish .
Removes Acids - Acid-forming chemical
reac t ion s can o ccur un der ce r ta in co nd i tion s .
As an example, a t e levated temperatures ,
many refrigerants will react with oil to formacids . This is pa r t icu lar ly tru e wh en m ois tur e
is present .
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
# 2
A Reputation Built on Q uality
Sporlan Valve Company206 Lange Drive Washington, MO 63090
Copyright 1999 By Sporlan Valve Company
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From the s tandpoin t
of ind ica t ing thecond i t ion o f the
r e f r i g e r a n t ( 1 0 0 %
liquid or mixture of
liqu id and bu bb les)
the preferred loca-
tio n is immediate lybe fo re the TEV.
T h i s r e c o m m e n d e d
posi t ion is for the
benefi t of assist ingin th e a n alysis o f sys-
tem per for m ance when ser vice is req ui red . By
being cer ta in tha t no bubbles a re present
whe n the r efr iger an t enter s the TEV, i t ca n b e
establ ished that one of the requirements for
pr op er TEV op er at ion ha s b een satisfied .
Also, in th is po sition it ca n b e d eter m in ed tha t
the s ystem is sufficien tly ch ar ged with r efr iger -
an t. With the See All b eing do wnstre am o f th e
Catch-All, it will signal a restriction in theCatch-All due to large quantities of dirt i t may
have collected. However, be careful not to
co nfuse this with a sh or tage o f ch ar ge.
FORUSEONREFRIGERATIONand/or
AIRCONDITIONINGSYSTEMSONLY
SPORLANVALVECOMPANYWASHINGTON,MO63090
MADEINU.S.ofA.
W.P.500psig(3447kPa)
TYPE
C-163-SLISTEDREFRIGERATIONFILTER-DRIER407G
FORUSEWITHR12
R22R5005502R134a
Preferred Location
Moisture andLiquid Indicator
Filter-Drier
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
#3
A Reputation Built on Q uality
Sporlan Valve Company206 Lange Drive Washington, MO 63090
Copyright 1999 By Sporlan Valve Company
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F r o m t h e s t a n d p o i n t o f
i n d i ca t i n g t h e mo i s t u re
co ntent , its loc ation can be
an ywhe r e in the liqu id l in e.
This is because the level of
mois ture conta ined in therefr igerant reaches equi -
l i b r i u m so o n a f t e r t h e
installation of the Catch-All
and shou ld remain a t t ha t
l eve l un less mois tu re i si n t r o d u c e d f r o m s o m e
exter na l sour ce . Ther efor e ,
the See All cor r ect ly m ea-
su res the p roper mois tu re
concentrat ion at any point
in the liqu id lin e.
The Spo r lan See All is a co m bi-
na tion m oistur e an d l iqu id indi-
cator. Therefore, i t serves two
functions when instal led in the
liquid line.
FORUSEONREFRIGERATIONand/or
AIRCONDITIONINGSYSTEMSONLY
SPORLANVALVECOMPANYWASHINGTON,MO63090
MADEINU.S.ofA.
W.P.500psig(3447kPa)
TYPE
C-163-SLISTEDREFRIGERATIONFILTER-DRIER407G
FORUSEWITHR12
R22R5005502R134a
Filter-Drier
Moisture andLiquid Indicator
Where should the
Sporlan SeeAll
be installed?
Satisfactory Location
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
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Loc ate the bu lb on a s t raight , hor i-
zontal l ine, pitched slightly down,
im m ed iately after it leaves th e e vap -
ora tor .
A short t rap should fol low before
the ver tical line r ises to be co nn ect-
ed to the com pr essor suct ion . With
the l ine pi tched down, any l iquid
re fr igeran t and /o r oi l will pass into
the t ra p, away fr o m th e b ulb. As the
trap fills with oil, the velocity of the
refr igerant wil l carry the t rapped
oil into the vertical section and be
re tu rned to the com pr essor.
In gene ra l, the TEV bu lb sho uld b e
ins tal led on a straight sec t ion of
horizonta l suction l ine.
Where should
the TEVs bulb
be located?
To Compressor
When the compressor isabove the evaporator
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
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Observing the same pr inci-
ples ou tline d ab ove, the pip-
ing should be ar ranged to
prevent the accumula t ion of
oi l and/or refr igerant a t the
bu lb loca t ion . Also , t r aps
installed in the suction l ines
of evap or ator s B a n d C p r e -
vent the f low of refr igerant f rom one evaporator f rom enter ing
the suc tion line of an other wher e i ts bu lb is loc ated.
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In this p ip in g co n figur a-
tion , no t rap is req ui red
af ter the bulb locat ion,
but the l ine should be
pi tched s l ight ly down
to p reven t any l iqu id
refr igerant or oi l f rom
b e i n g t r a p p e d a t t h ebulb locat ion .
When the com-pressor is below
the evaporator
ToCompre
ssor
When several evapo-
rators are installed
both below and
above the common
suction line
To Compressor
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
# 4
A Reputation Built on Q uality
Sporlan Valve Company206 Lange Drive Washington, MO 63090
Copyright 1999 By Sporlan Valve Company
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Except for very small sizes, mostd i r e c t e x p a n s i o n e v a p o r a t o r sused in r e f r ige ra t ion and a i rcondit ioning systems use two or
more c i rcu i ts . In order for theev ap o r a to r t o p e r f o r m a t i t s
m axim um cap aci ty, equ al refr igeran t feed to e ach circu itis a n ece ss ity. In ad di tion , each circu it mu st be expo sedto ide nt ical he at loa ds .
Distributing equal amounts of liquid to each circuit isim po rtant in re friger ation evap or ators b ecau se the r efrig-er an t lea ving the TEV is a mixture of l iquid and vapor.Ther e is a na tur al tend enc y for the liqu id and vap or to sep-arate, resulting in unequal amounts of liquid being fed tothe var io u s circ u its. It is th e liq u id r efr iger an t flow in to theevap or ator th at pr od u ces n ear ly all the r efr igera tio n e ffect.Th e vap o r co n tribu tes ver y little.
To ensure equal refrigerant feed, i t is important to s izethe dis tr ibutor nozzle and tubes to match the sys temcapacity as close as possible. By doing this , the properveloci t ies are created to completely mix the l iquidand vapo r .
What is importantin refrigerant
distributor
performance?
Correctly sized nozzleand tubes for velocityand mixing
Removable nozzle
100%Liquid
Liquid + Vapor
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In ad dition to feed ing eq ua l am ou nts of liqu id a nd vap orinto each circuit to uti l ize the full capacity of the evapo-ra tor , eac h c irc ui t m ust be eq ua lly loa de d. FigureA isa sch em atic i llus trat ion of typical tem pe ra tur e c on dition sin the evapora tor when both equal distribution andequal loading occur .
FigureB illustra tes the sam e evap or ator bu t with the a ir
f low (and thus the load) less over circuit #3. The loadimbalance will be indicated by low superheat at the outletof circu it #3 , and high sup er he at at the ou tlet of circu its #1and #2. Other symptoms are lower than normal suct ionpressure, reduced evaporator capacity and TEV huntingwith possible flood-back.
Wh en p lan n in g a system r efr iger an t co n ver sio n i t is cr iti-cal to co nsider no zzle a nd tub e s izing.
For co m plete s izing an d ap plicat ion infor m ation r efer toSpo rlan Bullet in 20 -10.
10Superheatall circuitsfed the same
All circuits fed the same& loaded the same
#1 & #2 circuits"starved"20superheat
Circuits #1 & #2 moreheavily loaded(more air than #3)
0Superheat controls TEV possible hunting & flood back
Circuit #3 more lightlyloaded (unequal air flow)
FigureA
Figure B
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
# 5
A Reputation Built on Q uality
Sporlan Valve Company206 Lange Drive Washington, MO 63090
Copyright 1999 By Sporlan Valve Company
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I t i s n o t u n c o m m o n t o s e erefr igerat ion and air condit ion-ing systems that have operated
for decades without any servicebeing per formed and wi th theCatch-All undisturbed since the
original installation. This speaks well , not only for ther eliab ility an d d u r ab ility of all th e system op er atin g com -ponents, but also for the Catch-All which has provided
pr otec tion to these com po nen ts over the m any year s theyhave opera ted .
At the initial start-up the Catch-All removed any dirt orexcess ive mois ture that may have been in the sys tem.Dur ing the yea r s of o p er ation , th e Catch -All co n tinu ed toprovide pro tec t ion by insur ing tha t no ac id or contami-nants formed dur ing per iods of h igh condens ing or d is -char ge tem per a tu r es .
Unfortunately, things do not always go this smoothly andservice cal ls are necessary. This is when considerat ionsho u ld b e given to ch an gin g the fil ter-d r ier.
Here a re some ques t ions tha t wi l l he lp de te rminewhe th er to ch an ge the Catch -All:
1. Did the See All ind icate m ois tur e was pr esen t?
2. Was the sys tem op en du ring ser vice?
3. Wer e there any un usua l c irc um stanc es tha t cou ldha ve p er m itted m ois tur e to en ter the sys tem ?( ru p tu r ed c h ille r o r wa te r coo led cond enser ; we tcon di tion s in ar ea wher e rep airs a re tak ing p lace)
4. Was ther e a her m etic m otor bu rn -out involved?
5. Was e xcessive c om pr esso r he at in volved in the failur e?
6. Is the re fr iger an t oi l d iscolor ed o r fou nd to b eacidic? (A Sporlan Acid Test Kit will determine this)
7. Was it eviden t th at dir t , m etal chips o r o th erco ntam ina nts wer e involved in cau sing the fai lur e?
When should a
Filter-Drier be
changed?
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
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Replaceable core Catch-All
Compact Style SuctionLine Catch-All
If the answer to any of these is yes, a new Catch-All isgood insur anc e agains t a rep eat pro blem . If qu es tion s 3 ,4 o r 5 are answer ed yes , both a suct ion line a nd liqu idl ine Catch-Al l a re recommended to remove ac ids andproducts of oi l decomposi t ion. Sporlan Bullet in 40-10ou tline s the pr oc ed ur e for this type of cleanu p.
Th e Sp o r lan See All an d Acid Test Kits ar e e xce llen tservice tools for determining i f a replacement of theCatch -All o r othe r filter-dr ier is re q u ir ed .
With the famous molded core
A combinationMoisture &LiquidIndicator
AK-3TA-1
ACID TEST KITS
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
# 6
A Reputation Built on Q uality
Sporlan Valve Company206 Lange Drive Washington, MO 63090
Copyright 1999 By Sporlan Valve Company
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One of the basic rules of physicsis that force is equal to pressure
tim es area ( F= P x A) . When aforce is appl ied to a movableobject, that object will move.However, if the force is opposed
by an equal force in the opposi te direct ion,th er e is no effec t on the p ositio n o f th at ob jec t.
The pis ton ( pin) in a c on ven tion al TEV de signis exposed to h igh in le t pressure on the topand low out le t pressure on the bot tom. Thepressure imbalance in a conventional TEVten d s to o p en the valve.
What is
different about
the Sporlan
O Valve?
Outlet
pressure
Piston (pin)
Inletpressure
Highinletpressure
inopeningd
irection
Lowoutletpressure
inclosin
gdirection
Portimbalanceis thedifference between inletand outlet pressure.
Portimbalancetends toopen the valve.
CONVENTIONAL TEV
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
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T h e S p o r l a n b a l a n c e dpor t O Valve des ignb a l a n c e s t h e f o r c e sap p l i ed t o t h e p i s to ni n e q u a l a n d o p p o s i t edir ec tio n s. Th us, th e Type
O Valve eliminates theeffects of pressure dropacross the valve. A bal-anced port valve designis des irable and benef i-c ia l fo r sys tems tha texper ience a wide rangeo f l o a d a n d o p e r a t i n gcondit ions .
TYPE O VALVE
Outlet pressure
Piston
Inletpre
ssureacting
onsame
areaasport
Inletpressureacting
onareaofport
Push rod seal
Passagewayfor balancing
"Cup" seal
Inletpressure
Inletpressure
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
# 7
A Reputation Built on Q uality
Sporlan Valve Company206 Lange Drive Washington, MO 63090
Copyright 1999 By Sporlan Valve Company
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S p l i t - C o n d en s e r s a r e u s ed i nlarge ref r igera t ion sys tems toass is t in head pressure cont ro land to min imize the amount o f system re friger ant char ge req uired .
The s ize o f the condenser r equ i red fo r summer opera -tion is spli t into two parallel circuits . One circuit (desig-nated sum m er /winter) is ac tive in sum m er and winter.The o ther c i r cu i t (des igna ted summer condenser ) i srendered inact ive dur ing winter operat ion by a 3-WaySp lit Co n d en se r Va lve .
As the piping d iagr am in d ica tes, a ch ec k valve is installedin the out le t of each condenser c i rcu i t , and head pres -su re con tro ls a re u sed to m ain ta in m in im um and s tab lehead pressures . The two condensers are usual ly sp l i t50 /50 in s ize and a re con ta ined in the same tub e bu n-
dle us ing con den ser fan con tro l as a sup plem ent to thehe ad pr essur e c on tr ol valves . With this com binat ion , therequ i red r e f r ige ran t charge i s kep t to an abso lu tem i n i m u m .
What is a
Split
Condenser?
TYPICAL PIPING SCHEMATIC
SUMMER/WINTERCONDENSER
SUMMERCONDENSER
CHECK VALVE
CHECK VALVE
COMPRESSOR
ORD
RECEIVER
3-WAY SPLIT CONDENSER VALVE
ORI or OROA
1
1 Not used with OROA (B, C or D) for Head Pressure Control.
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
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There are three sizes of Sporlan 3-Way SplitCondenser Valves with connection sizes from7/8 to 2-1/8 ODF. The B model is des ignedwith an internal bleed. This feature allowsre f r ige ran t to b leed f rom the summer con-de nse r b ack to su ct ion when it is ina ct ive du r -ing per iod s of low ou tdo or tem per a tur es .
ORDERING INSTRUCTIONS
8D 9 C SC
EPYT EZISTROP
)sehcnI(
C NOITCENNOredloSFDO
)sehcnI(
CS-B7D8CS-C7D8
4/3
8/7
CS-B9D8CS-C9D8
8/1-1
CS-B11D21
CS-C11D214/1-1
8/3-1
CS-B31D21CS-C31D21
8/5-1
CS-B71D61CS-C71D61
2 8/1-2
ValveType
* Also specify voltage and cycles *
SplitCondenser
Non-BleedVersion
Connectionsin 1/8
F o r mo r e d e t a i l ed i n f o r ma t io n , r e f e r t oSpo rlan Bullet in 30 -10-2
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
# 8
A Reputation Built on Q uality
Sporlan Valve Company206 Lange Drive Washington, MO 63090
Copyright 1999 By Sporlan Valve Company
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By changing cartr idges, a s ingleQ valve b o d y ca n b e e asily alter edfro m 1/ 4 to 5 ton s R-22 an d fro m
1/ 8 to 3 ton s on R-13 4a . Also, thecorrec t thermos ta t ic charge tosu it th e a p p lica tio n is installed at
the same time. These modifications can be convenientlymade either before or after it is installed on the system.
What are the
advantages of
the Sporlan
Q TEV?
Any of SporlanSelective Charges
7 Different CartridgesAll Color Coded and
Number Identified
Assortment of 3 DifferentBody Styles Externallyor Internally Equalized
STNEMELECITATSOMREHTDEDNEMMOCER
NOITACILPPA
TNAREGIRFER CITATSOMREHTTNEMELE
EGRAHC
POMMETSYS
gisp21 22
A704 a431 A104
A204705
A404A804205
C704 A904
RIAGNINOITIDNOC
x x x x 06PCF-34-TK 05
x x 001PCV-34-TK 09
x x AGV-34-TK
x 511PCR-34-TK 501
LAICREMMOCNOITAREGIRFER
05 F 01ot F
x x x x CF-34-TK x x CV-34-TK
x CR-34-TK
x CP-34-TK
WOLERUTAREPMETNOITAREGIRFER
0 04otF F
x ZF-34-TK
x PZF-34-TK 21
x ZV-34-TK
x 04PZV-34-TK 03
x x ZR-34-TK
x x PZR-34-TK 53
All Sporlan SelectiveThermostatic Charges
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
# 9
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ODF(Externally
Equalized)
ODF(Internally
Equalized)
ODF(Externally
Equalized)
SAE(Internally
Equalized)SAE(Externally
Equalized)
ODF(Internally
Equalized)
Replaceable Strainer U.S. Patent
No. 5,232,015
P/N 3427-000
U.S. Patent
No. 5,238,219
SQE
QE
EQE
SQ
Q
EQ
nalropSfo)snot(yticapaClanimoNdecalpeRebotevlaV
egdirtraCevlaVQ
21-R 22-R 205-R a431-R A404-R EZIS EDOCROLOC
8/1 4/1 8/1 8/1 8/10 DER
6/1 3/1 6/1 6/1 6/1
4/1 2/1
4/1 4/1 4/1 1 WOLLEY4/3
2/1 1 2/1 2/1 2/1 2 NEERG
1 2/1-1 1 1 1 3 EULB
2/1-1 2
2/1-1 2/1-1 2/1-1 4 KNIP2/1-2
2 3 2 2 2 5 KCALB
2/1-2 43
2/1-23 6 ETIHW
3 5 3
7 CARTRIDGES
6 BODY STYLES
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
# 9
A Reputation Built on Q uality
Sporlan Valve Company206 Lange Drive Washington, MO 63090
Copyright 1999 By Sporlan Valve Company
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Ther e h as a lways been a tend en-
cy to select solenoid valves on
the b asis o f lin e size. This is ver y
risky.
While a 5/8 l ine s ize and a 5/8 ODF sweatconnec t ion sound l ike a perfec t match, o ther
fac tor s mu st be co ns ider ed.
The valve m ay be use d in the liqu id, d isch ar ge,
or suction line. A valve applied in the suction
line m ay h ave a c ap ac ity o f 0 .52 to n s, while the
same valve used in the liquid line would have
a capacity of 8 tons. Using an oversized valve
may mean the valve wont close properly, not
to ment ion tha t you probably pa id for more
valve tha n yo u ne ed ed .
Should a
solenoid valve
be selected
based on line
size?
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
# 10
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The valve capacity and application shouldalways be th e d eterm ining factor s when select-
ing a solenoid valve. Use this five step process
to h elp m ak e th e co r r ect se lection ever y tim e:
1. type of refrigerant in the system
2.ap p licat io n: dischar ge, liqu id, o r su ct ion3. flow capacity required
4. line size
5.electrical sp ecificatio n s
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
# 10
A Reputation Built on Q uality
Sporlan Valve Company206 Lange Drive Washington, MO 63090
Copyright 1999 By Sporlan Valve Company
E9
E9
E9
E9
For addit ional information contact Sporlan
Valve Company or your Authorized Sporlan
Who lesa le r and req ues t Bul le tin 30 -10.
LIQUID LINE - E9 CAPACITY 8 TONSR-22
R-22
SUCTION LINE - E9 CAPACITY .52 TONS
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Befo r e lea ving the fac tor y, a sp e-
cif ic superheat sett ing is madeo n e ac h a n d e ver y Sp o r lan TEV.A standard superheat set t inghas been es tabl ished for everys ize and every the rmos ta t i c
cha rge . This stand ar d se tting pr ovides the p ro per supe r -
heat on the average system to which the par t icular TEVsize a nd ch ar ge is like ly to be ap plied .
Ther efor e , in m os t cases , a sup erh eat ad jus tm ent on thejo b will n o t b e n ecessa r y. Sp o r la n r eco m m en d s a ch an gein the sup erh eat ad jus tm ent o n l y after it ha s bee n d eter-
mined that i t is required. A careful measurement of theop era t ing super hea t, u s ing the r eco m m ende d p r oced ur e ,will estab lish if a c h an ge wo uld b e b en eficial .
Should a Sporlanthermostatic
expansion
valve (TEV) be adjustedafter installation?
52F
CONVERTE
DTO
TEMP
.OBTAIN SUCTION PRESSURE . . . 69PSIG
(at bulb)
52
40
12SUPERHEAT
Temperaturehere reads
EXAMPLE: REFRIGERANT-22
WHATS YOUR SUPERHEAT ?
To r ed u ce t h e s u p e r h ea t , t u r n t h e ad ju s t i n g s t emCOUNTER-CLOCKWISE. To increase the superheat, turn
the ad justin g stem CLOCKWISE. Wh en ad jus tin g the valve,
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
# 11
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make no more than one turn of the s tem a t at ime and observe the change in superheatclose ly to pr even t o ver-sho o ting th e d esire d se t-ting. On adjustable TEVs, Sporlan attempts top o sitio n the ad ju stin g stem at th e h alf-way p o intwhen it is at the standard setting. This allows
m axim um adjustm ent in bo th d irec t ion s .
Spo rlan sup plies a n um be r o f OEMs with n o n -adjustable TEVs. The OEM determines thesup er he at set ting thr ou gh lab or ator y tes ting of the unit . Some of these valves can be convert-ed in the f ie ld to adjus table models , but thisshould not be a t tempted wi thout the approvalof the OEM involved.
SPORLANTYPE S
SPORLANTYPE BI
Adjustable
Superheat
Non-adjustable
Superheat
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
# 11
A Reputation Built on Q uality
Sporlan Valve Company206 Lange Drive Washington, MO 63090
Copyright 1999 By Sporlan Valve Company
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One of the advantages of ther-mostatic expansion valve (TEV)co n tro l is tha t the valve m o ves tothe closed posi t ion quickly them o m e n t t h e c o m p r e s s o r i s
cycled off . This feature isim po r tan t beca use it stop s the liqu id flow into the e vap o-rator so that i t does not f i l l with refrigerant during theoff-cycle . When the compressor res tar ts , i t must s tar tagains t a pr essur e d iffer en ce s ince the h igh an d low s ide so f the system h ave b ee n isolated b y the clo sing o f the TEV.
This type system employs either a capacitor-start /capac-i tor - run (CSR) or three-phase compressor motor , bo thof which ha ve high s tar ting tor qu e ch ar acter is tics .
However, on certain types of air conditioning systems,equal izat ion of the high and low s ide pressures isre qu ire d whe n the co m pr essor is id le . They m us t have al imited refr igerant charge and no l iquid receiver toprevent excess refr igerant f rom accumulat ing in theevaporator.
These are sm aller sys tem s us ing s ingle p hase per m ane nt-spl i t -capaci tor (PSC) motors which have low s tar t ingtorque characteris t ics . They will not s tart unless the highand low s ide pr essures ar e n ear ly equ alized .
TEVs with pe rm an en t bleed s ar e so m etim es u sed to sat-isfy th is ap p licatio n, b u t th ey ca n b e slow to e q u alize a n dthey fail to control at low loads if the bleed is not s izedcarefully.
Sporlan developed a TEV with a RAPID PRESSURE BAL-
ANCE (RPB) feature which has proven ideal for theseapp lica tion s . The b leed po r t is la r ge eno ugh to pr od ucea r ap id p res su re b a lance , bu t r em ains c losed d ur ing nor -m al op era t ion .
The following figures illustrate the construction and opera-
tio n of a Sp or lan TEV eq u ipp ed with the RPB fea tur e.
What is RPB?
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
# 12
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FigureA i l lustrates the f low path ofref r igerant dur ing normal opera t ion .The flow is the sam e a s with other ba s icSporlan TEVs. The refrigerant passingthrough the por t and the amount of opening are determined by the posit ionof the pin in re lation to the p or t op en ing.
Figure B shows the pin clos ing them ain p or t. Th is occur s when the co m -pressor cycles off . As the pin movesm or e firm ly into the po r t, in the clos ing
direct ion, i t causes the s leeve to move upward, making a sec-on dar y or b leed p or t op en . The o pen ing of the b leed po r t a llowsrefr igerant to f low and equal ize high and low-side pressures . Inthe no rm al oper a ting po s ition the b leed p or t is he ld c losed by thesm all sp r in g abo ve the sleeve.
Rem em b er, as with a n y system u sing a cap illar y tub e, fixed r estric-tion or pe r m an en t bleed TEV, the system ch ar ge sho uld b e l im it-ed with no r eceiver. In a n y ap p lica tio n u sing a TEV with an RPB, itis recom m ended that a hard-s tar t com pr essor not be used u nlessit is eq uipp ed with a r e-star t tim e d elay o f at lea st two m inu tes.
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MainPort
Closed
BleedPortOpen
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MainPort
RegulatingFlow
BleedPort
Closed
TYPICAL VALVE CROSS SECTION
FigureB
FigureA
QuickTipsfrom Sporlan
# 12
A Reputation Built on Q uality
Sporlan Valve Company
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