throwing complexity over the wall: rapid development for enterprise java (javaone 2010)

Throwing Complexity Over the Wall:Throwing Complexity Over the Wall: Rapid Development for Enterprise JavaRapid Development for Enterprise Java

Dan AllenDan AllenJBoss, by Red HatJBoss, by Red Hat mojavelinuxmojavelinux

Andrew RubingerAndrew RubingerJBoss, by Red HatJBoss, by Red Hat ALRubingerALRubinger

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Agenda

● Enterprise software development challenges

● Component models as a solution

● Tools that help you develop & test with confidence● ShrinkWrap - Skip the build● Arquillian - Test in-container

● Demo, demo, demo

● Arquillian's interchangeable parts

● Q & A (or more demos)

#arquillian

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General categorization of software

● Core concerns

● Cross-cutting concerns

● Plumbing

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What should you code?

● Core concerns● Business logic● Domain-specific

● Why?● Nothing can do this for you● It's what you are paid to do● It's a good investment of time● You get to 100% done sooner

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What should you avoid?

● “Conceptual weight”● Cross-cutting concerns● Plumbing

● Unnecessary LOC● Write less = maintain less● Improve signal-to-noise ratio

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Components models as a solution

● Component● Follows standard programming model● Encapsulates business logic● Packaged in deployable archive

● Container● Host process for deployed applications● Provides services and a runtime for components● Gives you powerful mechanisms for free

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So what is Java EE, really?

A standards-based platform that allows us to write business logic as components

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What's been from Java EE?missing

^

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for your testsfor your testsA component model

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Unit tests vs integration tests

Unit

● Attributes● Fine-grained● Simple● Single API call

● Perception● Fast, fast, fast● Easily run in an IDE

Integration

● Attributes● Coarse-grained● Complex● Component interactions

● Perception● Sloooooooow● Run in an IDE? How?

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No tests #fail

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Common integration testing challenges

● Bootstrap a container environment

● Run a build to create/deploy application archive

● Mock dependent components

● Configure application to use test data source(s)

● Deal with (lack of) classpath isolation

● URLs, host names and ports, oh my!

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The testing “bandgap”

Unit Tests Integration Tests System Tests

Functionality

Setup & configuration

Com

ple x

ity (

Men

tal E

ffort

)

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What if integration testing could be...?

● as easy as writing a unit test

● run in the IDE (incremental builds, debugging, etc)

● ramped up in phases

● portable

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An in-container approach to integration testing

1. Start or connect to a container

2. Package and deploy test case to container

3. Run test in-container

4. Capture and report results

5. Undeploy test archive

Bring your test to the runtime...

...instead of managing the runtime from your test.

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Reducing enterprise testing to child's play

Unit Tests Integration Tests System Tests

Functionality

Setup & configuration

Arquillian's test continuum

Com

ple x

ity (

Men

tal E

ffort

)

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How do we get there?

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Test in-container!Test in-container!Skip the build!

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Step 1: Liberate your tests from the build!

● Builds are laborious● Add overhead● Slow down test execution● Coarse-grained packaging

● Keep it manageable!● Well-defined “unit”● Classpath control

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n. a fluent API for creating archives such as JARs, WARs andEARs in Java

Project lead: Andrew Lee Rubinger

http://jboss.org/shrinkwrap

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Benefits of ShrinkWrap

● Incremental IDE compilation● Save and re-run● Skip the build!

● Simple, fluent API

● Container deployment adapters

● Micro deployments

● Export and debugging

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Fluent archive creation

final JavaArchive archive = ShrinkWrap.create(JavaArchive.class, "slsb.jar") .addClasses(Greeter.class, GreeterBean.class);System.out.println(archive.toString(true));

slsb.jar:/com//com/acme//com/acme/app//com/acme/app/ejb3//com/acme/app/ejb3/Greeter.class/com/acme/app/ejb3/GreeterBean.class

Yields output:

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Micro deployments

● Deploy components in isolation

● Test one functional unit at a time

● Don't need to wait for full application build/startup

● Incremental integration● Hand pick components & resources● No “big bang” integration

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Build, what build?

@Deploymentpublic static Archive<?> createDeployment() { return ShrinkWrap.create(JavaArchive.class) .addClasses(Greeter.class, GreeterBean.class);}

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Skip the build!

@Deploymentpublic static Archive<?> createDeployment() { return ShrinkWrap.create(JavaArchive.class) .addPackage(TemperatureConverter.class.getPackage()) .addManifestResource(EmptyAsset.INSTANCE, "beans.xml");}

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Step 2: Gut the plumbing!

● Start/connect to container

● Package & deploy archive

● Inject resources

● Test logic

● Cleanup resources

● Undeploy archive

● Stop/disconnect from container

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n. a container-oriented testing framework that enablesdevelopers to create portable integration tests for enterpriseapplications; manages the lifecycle of a container and enriches,deploys and runs tests against it

Project lead: Aslak Knutsen

http://jboss.org/arquillian

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Make integration testing a breeze!

Arquillian project mission

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Prove it.

@RunWith(Arquillian.class)public class GreeterTestCase {

@Deployment public static Archive<?> createDeployment() { return ShrinkWrap.create(JavaArchive.class) .addClasses(Greeter.class, GreeterBean.class); } @EJB private Greeter greeter; @Test public void shouldBeAbleToInvokeEJB() throws Exception { assertEquals("Hello, Earthlings", greeter.greet("Earthlings")); }}

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Prove it.

@RunWith(Arquillian.class)public class GreeterTestCase {

@Deployment public static Archive<?> createDeployment() { return ShrinkWrap.create(JavaArchive.class).addClass(Greeter.class) .addManifestResource(EmptyAsset.INSTANCE, "beans.xml"); } @Inject Greeter greeter; @Test public void shouldBeAbleToInvokeManagedBean() throws Exception { assertEquals("Hello, Earthlings", greeter.greet("Earthlings")); }}

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DEMO!

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Benefits of Arquillian

● Write less (test) code

● As much or as little “integration” as you need

● Looks like a unit test, but you're in a real environment!● Easily lookup component to test● No hesitation when you need a resource

● Run same test in multiple containers

● It's a learning environment

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Supported unit testing frameworks

JUnit TestNG>= 4.6 >= 5.10

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Test run modes

● In-container● Test bundled with @Deployment archive● Archive deployed to container● Test runs inside container alongside application code● Invoke application code directly (same JVM)

● As client● @Deployment archive is test archive (unmodified)● Archive deployed to the container● Test stays back, runs in original test runner● Interact as a remote client (e.g., HTTP client)

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Container modes

● Embedded● Same JVM as test runner● Test protocol either local or remote● Lifecycle controlled by Arquillian

● Remote● Separate JVM from test runner● Arquillian connects to running container● Tests executed over remote protocol

● Managed● Remote with lifecycle management

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Supported containers

● JBoss AS 5.0 & 5.1 – Managed and remote

● JBoss AS 6 – Managed, remote and embedded

● JBoss JCA – Embedded

● GlassFish 3 – Remote and embedded

● Weld – SE embedded and EE mock embedded

● OpenWebBeans – embedded

● OpenEJB 3.1 – embedded

● OSGi – embedded

● Tomcat 6, Jetty 6.1 and Jetty 7 – embedded

● More on the way...

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Container SPI, not just for Java EE

public interface DeployableContainer {

void setup(Context context, Configuration configuration);

void start(Context context) throws LifecycleException;

ContainerMethodExecutor deploy(Context context, Archive<?> archive) throws DeploymentException;

void undeploy(Context context, Archive<?> archive) throws DeploymentException;

void stop(Context context) throws LifecycleException;

}

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Power tools: test framework integration

● Test frameworks are services too!

● Extends test component model

● Examples:● JSFUnit*● Cobertura*● Spock*● Selenium*● HTTPUnit● DBUnit

* available

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Arquillian...

● is a container-oriented testing framework

● provides a component model for tests

● handles test infrastructure & plumbing

● ships with a set of container implementations

● provides a little bit of magic ;)

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We're in print!

Enterprise JavaBeans 3.1, Sixth EditionO’Reilly - Andrew Lee Rubinger, et al

http://community.jboss.org/groups/oreillyejb6th

LOOK INSIDE!

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Get involved!

● Download us!● ShrinkWrap - http://jboss.org/shrinkwap● Arquillian - http://jboss.org/arquillian

● Participate with us!● Community Space

● Fork us!

● Meet us!● #jbosstesting channel on irc.freenode.net

● Write for us!● Share your stories – Blog! Tweet! #arquillian● Document how it works

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Emotional Ike

Now available as a Hudson build plugin!http://github.com/arquillian/arquillian-extensions

Q & A (or more demos)Q & A (or more demos)

http://jboss.org/arquillianhttp://jboss.org/arquillianhttp://jboss.org/shrinkwraphttp://jboss.org/shrinkwrap

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