themes of geography
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Themes of GeographyAustralia
•Pacific Ocean•Coral Sea•Along Australia’s East Coast
Location
Where is it?
2 Types of Location•Absolute
•Relative
Absolute Location•Refers to an exact
location using an address•Refers to an exact location using latitude and longitude
Example of Absolute Location - Address
Macquarie StSydney New South Wales 2000, Australia(02) 9250 7777
Example of Absolute Location - Latitude and Longitude
Latitude - 33°51'25S Longitude - 151°12'55E
Sydney Opera House
Relative LocationRefers to the position of a
place in relation to other places
Examples of Relative Location
• Located in Sydney• Located across the bay from the Sydney Opera House
Where is it?•Mrs. Macquaire's Chair• The historic chair was carved out of a rock ledge for Governor Lachlan Macquarie's wife, Elizabeth, to veiw harbor
What type of Location?
Absolute or Relative?
Located in the Northern Territory
of Australia
Ayers Rock (Uluru)
PlaceWhat is
the place like?
Characteristics of Place
•Natural (Physical)•Human
How would you describe
Australia?
Physical Characteristics
•Mountains•Climate•Animals•Plants
Blue Mountains – New South Wales
Tasmanian Devil
The Outback – Northern Territory
The Rainforest - Queensland
Desert– Northern Territory (Alice Springs)
Landform - Ayers Rock
Human Characteristics
•People•Language•Buildings• Jobs•Clothing
Australia - Religion• Catholic 26.4%, Anglican
20.5%, other Christian 20.5%, Buddhist 1.9%, Muslim 1.5%, other 1.2%, unspecified 12.7%, none 15.3% (2001 Census)
• Nation Master
Australia - Language•No official language•Most speak English
Road Signs; Highways
Cities - Sydney
Culture
Clothes
Physical or Human
Characteristics?
Street Signs; Highways
Mountains – Blue Mountains
ReligionFlinders Road Baptist Church – Adelaide, South Australia
Great Victorian Desert
Lake Eyre
Koala
Darling River
The Bush – Northern Territory
Rainforest - Queensland
Large Skyscrapers
Sydney
Baron Falls - Queensland
MovementHow people
and places are linked together
Types of Movement•Transportation•Communication
TransportationThe movement
of people and goods
CommunicationThe movement
of ideas and information
Examples of the
Movement of People
Examples Movement of Goods
Movement of people,
ideas, goods?
Bedouins migrate deeper into the desert in winter when there is some precipitation; in the summer many live in the city
Tarahumara Indians of the Sierra Madre Mountains move down the mountains in the winter months
Tarahumara Indians
Examples of the
Movement of Ideas
Islam began in Saudi Arabia and has spread to all parts of the world
InteractionHow people use,
adapt to, or change their environment
When we Interact with our
environment, we …•Adapt to the
environment•Change the environment
Examples of Adapting to the Environment
• Seasons are opposite of America’s season•December – Summer• June - Winter
Early Aborigines would burn the dry grass so new grass to attract animals
for hunting
Examples of Changing the Environment
IrrigationEarly people had to irrigate from rivers to farm
dry land
People of the Netherlands built dikes to
create farmland
Farmers use the slash and
burn method of farming
Interaction with the environment
sometimes harms our environment• Pollution
•Wastes• Oil spills•Many more
Adapting or Changing?
During the warm seasons the Iraqi people wear light colored, thin
clothing; during the winter season – heavier
clothing
People of the Great Plains in U.S. built sod houses (not enough wood)
Bedouin homes are tents because they are nomadic
People of Iraq must irrigate the Tigris and
Euphrates Rivers to farm
dry land
Regions
To make the study of the world
easier, geographers divide it into
regions.
Regions may be based on:
•Physical features•Human features•Economic features•Political features
Physical features: Desert Region
The Sahara Desert
Human Features
Iraq is in a Muslim Region
Economic Features
Corn Belt Region
Political Features
LocationPlace
InteractionMovement
Regions
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