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STANDARD VUS.5e The student will demonstrate knowledge of the
issues involved in the creation and ratification of
the Constitution of the United States and how the principles of limited government, consent of the
governed, and the social contract are embodied in
it by e) appraising how John Marshall’s precedent-
setting decisions established the Supreme Court as an independent and equal branch of the national
government.
Marbury v. Madison
Before he leaves office he
has congress pass the
Judiciary Act of 1801
John Adams
Marbury v. Madison
This allows him to appoint
several new judges who
will rule against what the
new president and
congress does
John Adams
Marbury v. Madison
Adams rushed out 39 new
judges. These were called his
“Midnight Appointments.”
John Adams
Marbury v. Madison
Adams rushed out 39 new
judges. These were called his
“Midnight Appointments.”
But his administration ended
before his Secretary of State
could deliver the last three
‘commissions.’ John Adams
Marbury v. Madison
New president, Thomas
Jefferson, and his secretary of
state, James Madison, refused to
deliver the commissions.
One of the new judges, William
Marbury, sued Madison. Thomas Jefferson
Marbury v. Madison
Supreme Court justice, John Marshall, decided
the court didn’t have the power to force
Madison into giving Marbury his job.
James Madison William Marbury
VS
Marbury v. Madison
Supreme Court justice, John Marshall, decided
the court didn’t have the power to force
Madison into giving Marbury his job.
James Madison William Marbury
VS
Marbury v. Madison
More importantly, John Marshall decided the
court alone had the power of judicial review!
James Madison William Marbury
VS
Marbury v. Madison
James Madison William Marbury
VS
Judicial Review
Only the Supreme Court has the power to rule laws of Congress unconstitutional
SOL Question…
John Marshall was instrumental in strengthening the –
A State Department
B Federal Reserve
C Electoral College
D Supreme Court
SOL Question…
Which Supreme Court decision includes this quotation?
A Marbury v. Madison
B Cohens v. Virginia
C Gibbons v. Ogden
D McCulloch v. Maryland
STANDARD VUS.6a
The student will demonstrate knowledge of
the major events from the last decade of the
eighteenth century through the first half of the
nineteenth
century by a) explaining the principles and issues that
prompted Thomas Jefferson to organize the first
opposition political party.
Controversy over the
Federalists’ support for
the Bank of the United
States, the Jay Treaty,
and the undeclared war
on France contributed to
the emergence of an
organized opposition
party, the Democratic-
Republicans, led by
Thomas Jefferson and
James Madison.
The presidential election of 1800, won by
Thomas Jefferson, was the first American
presidential election in which power was
peacefully transferred from one political
party to another.
The Federalists, led by John Adams and
Alexander Hamilton, typically believed in a
strong national government and commercial
economy.
The Federalists, led by John Adams and
Alexander Hamilton, typically believed in a
strong national government and commercial
economy. They were supported by bankers
and business interests in the Northeast.
The Federalists, led by John Adams and Alexander Hamilton, typically believed in a strong national government and commercial economy. They were supported by bankers and business interests in the Northeast.
The Democratic-Republicans believed in a weak national government and an agricultural economy. They were supported by farmers, artisans, and frontier settlers in the South.
SOL Question…
Which early United States political party believed in these positions?
A Federalists
B Whigs
C Know-Nothings
D Democratic-Republicans
STANDARD VUS.6b
The student will demonstrate knowledge of
the major events from the last decade of the
eighteenth century through the first half of the
nineteenth century by b) identifying the economic, political, and geographic
factors that led to territorial expansion and its
impact on the American Indians.
Northwest Territory
After the French and Indian war, the British gained the land west of the Appalachian Mountains from the French.
After the United States declared their independence, the U.S. Organized this land into what they called the Northwest Territory.
Later, new states would be carved out this territory.
Louisiana Purchase
1803
Thomas Jefferson is
President.
Napoleon Bonaparte was
emperor of France at the
same time.
Louisiana Purchase
Remember, the US had
gained the land from the
Appalachian Mountains to the
Mississippi after the French
and Indian war.
Louisiana Purchase
At this time, New Orleans
was a big port city.
It controlled the flow of
trade on the Mississippi.
Louisiana Purchase
At this time, New Orleans
was a big port city.
It controlled the flow of
trade on the Mississippi.
Unfortunately, it was owned
by France!
Louisiana Purchase
Napoleon has been having
problems controlling his own
colonies.
Haiti and his other Caribbean
islands have revolted and
broken free.
Louisiana Purchase
Napoleon has been having
problems controlling his own
colonies.
Haiti and his other Caribbean
islands have revolted and
broken free.
He has money problems.
Louisiana Purchase
He decides… to sell the entire Louisiana Territory to TJ!
Louisiana Territory
A large piece French owned land to the west of the Mississippi River
Louisiana Purchase
TJ isn’t sure… he doesn’t
like the national government
having that much power to
buy that much land.
But it was an offer he
couldn’t refuse.
Louisiana Purchase
He paid $15 million.
It was a great deal which
doubled the size of the United
States!
Louisiana Purchase
TJ then hires Meriwether
Lewis and William Clark to
explore and map the new
land.
Lewis was from Rockfish
Gap in Albemarle, Virginia
Meriwether Lewis
Louisiana Purchase
Lewis and Clark joined up
with a young Native American
guide named Sacagawea.
She helped them navigate
the land and communicate
with the other tribes.
Louisiana Purchase They also helped to scout out which
Native tribes would be friendly to U.S.
expansion and which would cause
trouble.
SOL Question!
Which Supreme Court case established the court’s power of judicial review?
A. Marbury v. Madison
B. Plessy v. Ferguson
C. Roe v. Wade
D. McCulloch v. Maryland
The “Northwest Territory” includes land in which area of the United States?
A. Along the northern Pacific Coast
B. New England
C. Near North and South Dakota
D. Along the Great Lakes
SOL Question!
The leader of France allowed Thomas Jefferson to buy the French owned land to the west of the Appalachian Mountains. This deal was know as the?
A. Manifest Destiny
B. Northwest Territory
C. Seward’s Folly
D. Louisiana Purchase
SOL Question!
Which important trade city is at the location?
A. New York
B. Philadelphia
C. New Orleans
D. Charleston
SOL Question!
STANDARD VUS.6c
The student will demonstrate knowledge of
the major events from the last decade of the
eighteenth century through the first half of the
nineteenth century by c) examining the reasons why James Madison
asked Congress to declare war on Great Britain
in 1812 and how this divided the nation.
War of 1812
In the early 1800s, British
ships were “kidnapping”
American sailors and forcing
them to work on British ships.
This was called
impressment!.
#1
War of 1812
In the early 1800s, British
ships were “kidnapping”
American sailors and forcing
them to work on British ships.
This was called
impressment!.
#1
Impressment
The capturing and forced work of American sailors on British ships
War of 1812
Westward Expansion:
Many Americans were also moving westward to find new opportunities.
#3
War of 1812
Unfortunately, as more people moved into the Northwest Territory, they encountered Native American groups backed by British troops from Canada!
The British had hopes of taking us over again!
#3
War of 1812
James Madison gave a speech to Congress!
He listed all these things which Britain was doing to the U.S. and asked how the U.S. could stand by and be humiliated like this?
War of 1812
The war lasted 2 ½ years and involved British forces burning several buildings in Washington, DC including the President’s Mansion!
War of 1812
Eventually, the British were beaten
Fort McHenry, Baltimore: The British bombarded the fort for an entire night without the American troops withdrawing!
War of 1812
In the early morning hours, the Americans again raised a huge American flag
This inspired one man, Francis Scott Key, to write a poem he called… The Star Spangled Banner!
War of 1812
The British also attempted an attack on New Orleans.
If they could control this port city, they could control the whole Mississippi!
War of 1812
A very good general, Andrew Jackson defeated them
This would help lead him to become the 7th American president
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