the muscular system - pnhs.psd202.org

The Muscular System

All movements

Pump blood throughout body

Move food through digestive system

Control movement of air in and out of your lungs

Contraction = the shortening of a muscle

Extension = the stretching of a muscle

Example – bicep/tricep

SMOOTH MUSCLE

Type of muscle concerned with movements of internal organs

Intestines, bronchi of lungs, the bladder,

Involuntary – work without control

SKELETAL MUSCLE

Striped, or striated, muscles attached to bones that cause body movements

Form the largest part of the body’s M.S. ( > 600)

Voluntary - under conscious control

CARDIAC MUSCLE

Special type of striated tissue that forms the walls of the heart

Heart is most important muscle in body

SMOOTH SKELETAL CARDIAC

More use = more efficient/strong Exercise strengthens the heart (more blood

pumped in a 1 beat) Practice good posture Increase muscle tone Eat nutritious foods

“Use it or lose it” – an unused muscle will atrophy, or waste away

MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY

Inherited disorder Progressive wasting away of skeletal

muscles No cure, but weakening can be delayed

with exercise

MUSCLE STRAIN

aka “pulled muscle” = tearing or stretching of muscle fibers

Usually occur in large muscles

Treatment = ice, wrap, rest

BRUISE

Discolored area under the skin caused by leakage of blood after an injury

Treatment = ice can reduce pain/swelling

TENDINITIS

Inflammation of a tendon

usually caused by overuse

Symptoms = pain, tenderness, restricted movement

Treatment = anti-inflam. meds

HERNIA

Protrusion of an organ or tissue through a weak area in the muscle

Abdominal – protrudes through weak area in abd. wall

▪ may appear after lifting heavy objects

Surgery