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THE LEXICOGRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF PROCEDURAL TEXT IN
SOME SELECTED WEB MAGAZINES
A THESIS
Submitted to the English Education Department of Tarbiyah Faculty of Syekh
Nurjati State Institute for Islamic Studies in Partial fulfillment of the
Requirements of Islamic Scholar Degree in English Education Department
NENG MILIK WULANSARI
Reg. Num: 58430630
THE ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF TARBIYAH FACULTY OF
SYEKH NURJATI STATE INSTITUTE FOR ISLAMIC STUDIES
CIREBON
2012
ABSTRACT
NENG MILIK WULANSARI: THE LEXICOGRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS
OF PROCEDURAL TEXT IN SOME
SELECTED WEB MAGAZINES
Procedure text is one of the materials in lesson English. Usually, the teacher is
only explaining generic structure like goal, material, and steps in a procedural text. So
that, the students is just understood about generic structure and not understands about
others features in procedural text. In fact according to Wignel and Gerot composition
book, in procedure text there are generic structure and procedural text have also
lexicogrammatical features. So, the writer interest in analyzing the lexicogrammatical
analysis of procedural text in some selected web magazines.
Lexicogrammatical features of various genres are integral to those genres, for
it is through the lexicogrammatical choice that meaning is built up in a text. In this
case, analyzing lexicogrammatical feature especially is procedure text. According to
Gerot and Wignel (1994:206), lexicogrammatical explaining more detail about
temporal conjunction/linking words, generalized human agents, simple present
tense/imperative, material process/action verb, factual description of participant, and
information details in procedure text.
The writer was interest in analyzing the lexicogrammatical analysis of
procedural text in some selected web magazines. In doing all, the writer analyzes the
lexicogrammatical in procedural text by using qualitative research. The techniques of
collecting data are by library research to found further in information and some
theories related with subject matter from books, and browsing the websites from
internet there are 10 procedure texts as object in this study.
After data has been analyzed, the writer has concluded that the most complete
text and most complete perfect in 10 procedure texts is procedure text of making
candles, because there are 11 out of 11 elements of genre. Meanwhile, the function
does the lexicogrammatical in the selected texts’ play. They are; the
lexicogrammatical features can be measure completely of procedural text, the
lexicogrammatical features can compare writing of procedure text with other
procedure text, comparing completely of procedure text with other procedure text,
and difference and similarity of procedure text.
In conclusion, the writer found that the most complete text and most complete
perfect of lexicogrammatical in procedural text on some selected web magazines is
procedure text of making candles and there is function does lexicogrammatical in
procedure text. The writer hopes this thesis can give contribution to increase the
lexicogrammatical feature of procedure text for the teacher, the student and the next
researcher.
PREFACE
The very first gratefulness is delivered to The Almighty, Allah SWT: The
Greatest Creator and The Best Motivator to His everlasting and mercy keeping me
tough during my writing; therefore, this thesis is finally completed. My invocation
and safety always be given to the Prophet Muhammad SAW, to his family, his
companions and up to us as his followers till the end of the world.
The thesis entitled “The Lexicogrammatical Analysis of Procedural Text In
Some Selected Web Magazines” is presented to fulfill one of the requirements to
achieve Islamic Scholar in English Education Degree (S.Pd.I) at English Department
of Tarbiyah Faculty of Syekh Nurjati State Institute for Islamic Studies.
In composing this thesis, there are so many persons who have participated,
helped and advised directly or indirectly. So, in this opportunity, the writer would like
to convey sincerely profound thankfulness and gratitude to:
1. Prof. Dr. H. Maksum Muktar, MA the Rector of Syekh Nurjati state Institute for
Islamic Studies.
2. Dr. Hj. Huriyah Saleh, M.Pd, Chairwoman of English Education Department of
Syekh Nurjati state Institute for Islamic Studies and as the first supervisor.
3. Sumadi, SS., M.Hum, Secretary of English Education Department of Syekh
Nurjati state Institute for Islamic Studies.
4. Dr. Hj. Huriyah Saleh, M.Pd, as the first supervisor.
5. Lala Bumela M, Pd, as the second supervisor.
All praise to Allah SWT for giving me the wonderful parents, H. Khaerudin
and the deceased Hj. Inah. Thank you very much for everything, for always
motivating me with your unique way, I really miss it. I also would like to thank to my
new friend, Fitriya Elina who always together during guidance of thesis. And all of
peoples including the writer’s friends who cannot be mention here.
The writer realizes that this thesis is still far from being perfect and there are
many mistakes either in arrangement or in the content. All of mistakes and errors
found in it would become my responsibility. Finally, the writer hopes this thesis will
be a valuable thing to the readers, especially for the writer herself and for English
Education Department of Tarbiyah Faculty of Syekh Nurjati state Institute for Islamic
Studies.
Cirebon, September, 2012
The writer
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ ii
APPROVAL ....................................................................................................... iii
RATIFICATION ................................................................................................. iv
OFFICIAL NOTE .............................................................................................. v
LETTER OF AUTHENTICITY ...................................................................... vi
AUTOBIOGRAPHY ......................................................................................... vii
DEDICATED ...................................................................................................... viii
PREFACE ........................................................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ..................................................................................... xi
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
A. The Background of the Problem ..................................................... 1
B. The Identification of the Problem ................................................... 4
C. The Limitation of the Problem ....................................................... 5
D. The Questions of the Problem ........................................................ 5
E. The Aims of the Research ............................................................... 6
F. The Use of the Research ........................................................... ...... 6
CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FOUNDATION
A. The Nature of Genre .................................................................. .... 8
B. Description of Procedure Text ................................................ ....... 9
1. The Meaning of Procedure Text ................................................. 10
2. Social Purpose of Procedure Text ............................................... 11
3. Structures of Procedure Text ...................................................... 11
4. Lexicogrammatical of Procedure Text ....................................... 13
5. Example of Lexicogrammatical on Some Selected Web
Magazines ................................................................................... 14
C. Elements of Genre .......................................................................... 16
1. Social Function ........................................................................... 16
2. Generic Structure ........................................................................ 16
3. Lexicogrammatical Features ....................................................... 17
D. Types of Genre ..................... .......................................................... 23
CHAPTER III THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. The Objective of the Research ........................................................ 30
B. The Methods of the Research ........................................................ 32
C. Type and Source of Data ............................................................... 32
D. The Place and Time of the Research .............................................. 33
E. Technique of Analysis Data ............................................................ 33
1. Steps of Collecting Data ............................................................. 33
2. Analysis the Data ........................................................................ 33
CHAPTER IV THE RESEARCH FINDING
A. Data Analysis .................................................................................. 39
1. The Analysis of Lexicogrammatical Features of Procedural
Text on Some Selected Web Magazines ..................................... 46
2. The Function Does the Lexicogrammatical in Selected
Texts’ Play .................................................................................. 76
CHAPTER V THE CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ............................................................................. ......... 75
B. Suggestion ....................................................................................... 81
BIBLIOGRAPHY .............................................................................................. xiii
APPENDIX
Table of Analysis of Lexicogrammatical in Procedural Text on Some Selected
Web Magazines .................................................................................................... xv
Table of Presentation of Subtitle on the Lexicogrammatical of Procedure
Text on Some Selected Web Magazines .............................................................. Ix
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
A. The Background of the Problem
This study investigated “the lexicogrammatical analysis of procedural text
in some selected web magazines”. Lexicogrammatical is one of kinds from genre.
Genre is kinds of text. Parts of genre are social function, generic structure, and
lexicogrammatical features of text. According social function, genre they are
narrative, descriptive, procedure, recount, and so on. In this thesis will be
explained more about genre of procedural text.
Instructions belong to a group of text-types concerned with procedures,
which tell us how something is accomplished through a sequence of actions or
steps. It is a very important genre in our society because it enables us to get things
done, and it is equally common in the oral and written mode (Derewianka,
1990:27).
According to (Depdiknas, 2004:33) mention that procedure text tells how
something is accomplished through a sequence of action or steps. It includes set
of instruction how to do something works or directions to get to a certain place
and rules through a set of actions or steps.
Besides, procedure text many found and is easy to searched. Like at bale
from food product or other product, at newspaper, magazine, and more modern of
sophisticated or can be found at internet or web.
From web or internet founded some procedure text like how to tie a neck
tie, making ice cream without machine, how to iron a shirt, making apple juice,
making meatballs, boiling egg in simple and easy way, making candles, making
kite, how to insert SIM card cell phone, making potato omelet.
The most important of choosing procedural text as object of this thesis
because usually when the teacher teach about procedural text in the process of
teaching and learning, the teacher only explaining generic structure like goal,
material, and steps in a procedural text. So, students just understand about generic
structure and not understand about others features in procedural text. In fact
according to Wignel and Gerot composition book, in procedure text there are
generic structure (goal, material and steps), and procedural text have also
lexicogrammatical features. Lexicogrammatical explaining more detail about
temporal conjunction/linking words, generalized human agents, simple present
tense/imperative, material process/action verb, factual description of participant,
and information details in procedural text. So, these matters draw to be analyzed
in this thesis.
Lexicogrammar is called “syntax”, which is studied independently of
semantics. In other theories of grammar, wordings are characterized such that
they are able to explain meaning (Wignell and Gerot 1994:3).
According to Gerot and Wignell (1994:190), the nation’s genre and
grammar are closely linked. In the materials being produced about genres and
their teaching, at least those written by systemic linguist, characteristic
lexicogrammatical features of genres are provided. These are neither incidental
nor accidental, nor optional extras. Lexicogrammatical features of various genres
are integral to those genres, for it is through the lexicogrammatical choice that
meaning is built up in a text.
Lexeme which beforehand degrade lexicon and form adjective is lexical.
In lexeme term linguistics study used in its two areas, that is morphology study
and semantic study (Abdul Chaer, 2007:1). Semantically of lexeme can in the
form of headword, conjunction, suffix affix, and also forms is called idiom.
Lexicon which is have nomina status to have adjectival form which also have
inveterate used that is lexical, in meaning have the character of lexicon, like there
are at phrase mean lexical, lexical study, and lexical semantics.
According Sidney Greenbaum (1991:1), Grammar is the central
component of language. It mediates between the system of sounds of written
symbols, on the one hand, and the system of meaning, on the other. For
descriptive purposes, it is convenient to deal with the components of language
separately, but because of the central place of grammar in the language system, it
is sometime necessary to refer to the other components when we discuss the
grammar.
Dealing with description above, lexicogrammatical there are two words
are lexicon and grammar. But, in this thesis will be explaining more about
lexicogrammatical features of various genres, especially lexicogrammatical
features in text procedures.
In addition, this thesis concluded that important lexicogrammatical to be
studied specially at procedure text. Dealing with description above, this thesis
interested in describe for some reason. Firstly, this thesis interested in analyzing
lexicogrammatical constructed on procedural texts in some selected web
magazines. Secondly, this thesis interested in analyzing function does the
lexicogrammatical in the selected texts’ play.
B. The Identification of the Problem
The identification of the problem is needed to give clarification about the
problem that will be investigated. The writer arranged the identification of the
problem referred to the background of the problem above, they are:
1. The Field of the Study
The field of the research from this thesis is “grammar”.
2. The Research Approach
The research approach of this thesis is qualitative approach; that is to
collect, to arrange, to present, to analyze, to conclude, to make decision, to
interpret the data to be systematic, valid and reasonable, to control the
situation, and to draw attention to process meaning patterns and structural
features.
3. The Main Problem
The main problem that will be investigated in this research is analyzing
the lexicogrammatical of procedural text in some selected web magazines.
C. The Limitation of the Problem
In analysis about the lexicogrammatical of procedural text in some
selected web magazines, the description of the problem is limited into some
points, they are:
1. The analysis lexicogrammatical constructed on the procedural texts in
some selected web magazines.
2. The analysis function does the lexicogrammatical in the selected texts’
play.
D. The Questions of Problem
There are some questions in analizing about lexicogrammatical of
procedural texts on the selected web magazines, they are:
1. How is the lexicogrammar constructed on the procedural texts in some
selected web magazines?
2. What function does the lexicogrammar in the selected texts’ play?
E. The Aims of Research
The aims of the research round up description about research destination
that would like to reach from the research that will be done specifically. There are
some aims of this thesis arrangement, they are:
1. To find out the lexicogrammatical constructed on the procedural texts in
some selected web magazines.
2. To find out the function does the lexicogrammatical in the selected texts’
play.
F. The Uses of Research
This thesis product is hoped to be able to increase the development of
grammar education and language learning. Grammar development, it means
knowledge development that determines whether a given string belongs to the
language or is grammatically incorrect. Language learning, it means the
development of language studies trough grammar, as semantic, phonology,
syntax, and so on.
We are able to study semantic through grammar, we would lie to find out
many types of meaning and lexeme in each word, phrase, clause, and sentence
form of lexicogrammatical works. We would like to understand about how text
works through explicitly help learners learn how to understand and produce text-
spoken and written in various context for various purposes. In addition, the last
we would like to develop grammar skill through understanding structure of
sentences, phrases, clauses, words on the procedural texts.
BIBLOGRAPHY
Achyar Toyib, Mohd, Drs. 1997. The Principles of English Grammar. Majalengka.
Bates, Nina. 2006. Real Time “Student’s Book”. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Chaer, Abdul. 2007. Leksikologi & Leksikografi Indonesia. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Derewianka, Beverly. 1990. Exploring How Text Work. Australia: Primary English
Teaching Association.
Djuhari, Otong Setiawan. 2007. Genre Dilengkapi 700 Soal Uji Pemahaman.
Bandung: Yrama Widya.
Frank, Marcella. 1972. Modern English a Practical Reference Guide. London:
Prentice-Hall, INC.
Gerot, Linda and Peter Wignell. 1994. Making Sense of Function Grammar.
Australia: An Introductory Workbook.
Greenbaum, Sydney. 1991. An Introduction to English Grammar. London: Longman.
Hornby, A. S. 2000. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. UK: Oxford University
Press.
Murthy, J. D. 1998. Art of Sentence Making in English. New Delhi: Book Palace.
Pardiyono. 2007. Pasti Bisa “Teaching Genre Based Writing”. Yogyakarta: Andi
Publisher.
Strumpf, Michael. The Complete Grammar. New Delhi: Goodwill Publishing House.
Subhana, M and Sudrajat. 2001. Dasar-Dasar Penelitian Ilmiah. Bandung: Pustaka
Setia.
(http://www.fashionbeans.com/2012/ss12-accessory-trend-mens-neck-ties/).
(http://ezinearticles.com/?Ice-Cream-Recipes-Top-2-Secrets-to-Make-Luscious-Ice-
Creams-Without-the-Machine&id=6958358).
(http://magazine.vanitylounge.com/dress-and-care/techniques-how-to-iron-a-shirt-
part-1/).
(http://healthland.time.com/2011/11/30/arsenic-in-apple-juice-a-new-report-suggests-
widespread-exposure/).
(http://scoutmagazine.ca/2012/01/23/a-pound-of-butter-on-making-a-meatball-plate-
better-than-the-one-you-get-at-ikea/).
(http://www.eatingwell.com/healthy_cooking/healthy_cooking_101_basics_and_tech
niques/ho to_boil_an_egg)
(http://www.craftgate.com/Candle-Making/candle-making-magazine-media/)
(http://www.revuemag.com/2009/10/traditional-kite-making-in-santiago-
sacatepequez/)
(http://desudjia.wordpress.com/2010/10/04/how-to-insert-sim-card-cellphone/).
(http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/7266/spanish-pepper-and-potato-omelette).
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