the international seabed authority and land-locked developing countries
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The International Seabed Authority and Land-Locked Developing CountriesUNCLOS and the LLDCsUnited Nations, New York1 June 2012
Michael W. LodgeDeputy to the Secretary-General
Mineral exploration or exploitation in the Area may be conducted only under contract with the International
Seabed Authority.
The seabed beyond national jurisdiction - the 'Area'. Mineral resources of the Area are the common heritage of mankind.
LLDC members of ISAARMENIABOLIVIABOTSWANABURKINA FASOCHADLAO PEOPLE’S DEM. REPUBLICLESOTHOMALAWIMALIMOLDOVAMONGOLIANEPALPARAGUAYTHE FORMER YUGOSLAV REP.OF MACEDONIAUGANDAZAMBIAZIMBABWE
10%
LLDC UN members non-SPLOS
18 of the UN members who are not parties to UNCLOS are land-locked
42%
LLDC participation
Article 148Special needs of LLGDS to overcome obstacles arising from their disadvantaged location, including remoteness from the Area
Article 160(2)(k)... problems of a general nature arising for developing states that are due to their geographical location, particularly for LLGDS
LLDC eligibility for ISA Council
Group C: major net exportersUganda (19.6%)Zambia (12.9%)
Group D: special interestsIncludes land-lockedGroup E: equitable geographic representationCzech Republic, but no LLDC
LLDC benefit-sharing
Article 140Benefit of mankind as a whole, irrespective of geographic location ...
Article 160... equitable sharing of financial and other economic benefits ...
Article 82... revenue sharing ...
Articles 143 and 256Participation in marine scientific research in the Area (including training).
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