the ghs the globally harmonized system for hazard classification and labelling of chemicals basic...
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The GHSThe Globally
Harmonized System for Hazard Classification
and Labelling of Chemicals Basic Course
1. Concept of the 1. Concept of the GHSGHS2. Hazard 2. Hazard ClassificationClassification
2.1 Physical 2.1 Physical Hazard Classification Hazard Classification
2.2 Health and 2.2 Health and Environmental Environmental Hazard Hazard Classification Classification 3. Labels and SDS 3. Labels and SDS 4. 4. Situation of Chemical Management Situation of Chemical Management inin Thailand Thailand
Outline
3. Labels and 3. Labels and SDS SDS
3.1 Labels 3.1 Labels 3.2 SDS 3.2 SDS
44
What is What is harmonised?harmonised? LabelsLabels
Safety Data SheetsSafety Data Sheets
55
Target Groups & Target Groups & SectorsSectorsworkplace including workplace including
pesticides and pesticides and pharmaceuticalspharmaceuticals– labels and safety data labels and safety data sheetssheets
consumersconsumers– labelslabels
transporttransport– labels, placards, transport labels, placards, transport documentsdocuments
emergency respondersemergency responders
66
LabelsLabels
The Essential ElementsThe Essential Elements Symbols, Pictograms and Symbols, Pictograms and colourcolour
Signal wordsSignal words Hazard statements Hazard statements Precautionary informationPrecautionary information Product Product identifiers/declaration of identifiers/declaration of ingredientsingredients
Precedence of hazardPrecedence of hazard
77
Symbols in the Symbols in the GHSGHS
Standard symbol set used in Standard symbol set used in the UN RTDG model the UN RTDG model regulationsregulations
Fish and tree symbol for Fish and tree symbol for environmental hazard environmental hazard
Exclamation mark for “low Exclamation mark for “low level” health hazard level” health hazard
Human with crack in a body Human with crack in a body for chronic health hazardfor chronic health hazard
88
UNTDG PictogramUNTDG Pictogram
99
Flame(Flammable/
Self-reactive/
etc.)
Flame over circle
(Oxidizing/Organic
peroxide)
Exploding bomb
(Explosives/Self-
reactive/ etc.)
Corrosion
Gas cylinder(Compressed
gases)
Skull & crossbones
(Acute toxicity)
Exclamation Mark
(Acute: lower level)
Human(Chronic:
higher lev)
Environment(Aquatic toxicity)
GHS SymbolsGHS Symbols
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Pictogram Shape & Pictogram Shape & ColourColour Recommendation from ILO Group Recommendation from ILO Group
is that all pictograms should be in is that all pictograms should be in shape of a square set at a point shape of a square set at a point (diamond)(diamond)
For transport, pictograms will use For transport, pictograms will use the background and symbol the background and symbol colour specified in the UNRTDG colour specified in the UNRTDG Model regulationsModel regulations
For supply, pictograms will have a For supply, pictograms will have a black symbol on a white black symbol on a white background with a background with a redred frame frame
1111
GHS PictogramGHS Pictogram
Explosives Self-reactive subst.Organic peroxide
Flammable substance Self-reactive substance Pyrophoric and self- heating substance
Oxidizing substance Organic peroxides
Compressed gas Skin corr.Eye corr.Corrosive to metal
Environmentaltoxicity
Acute toxicity Acute toxicity Skin irrit. Eye irrit. Sensitization (Dermal)
Sensitization (Respiratory) Mutagenicity Carcinogenicity Reproductive toxicity Target organ toxicity
1212
Some points on Some points on GHS PictogramsGHS Pictograms
UNRTDG will cover the transport UNRTDG will cover the transport area as they have been.area as they have been.
Competent authority may Competent authority may choose to give suppliers and choose to give suppliers and employers discretion to use a employers discretion to use a black border for domestic use.black border for domestic use.
Competent authority may allow Competent authority may allow the use of UNRTDG pictograms the use of UNRTDG pictograms in other use settingsin other use settings
1313
Signal WordSignal Word
““DangerDanger” or “” or “WarningWarning””Used to emphasis hazard and to Used to emphasis hazard and to discriminate between hazard discriminate between hazard categories (level of hazard)categories (level of hazard)
e.g. Acute toxicity category 1 e.g. Acute toxicity category 1 will require will require “Danger”, category 4 “Danger”, category 4 will require“Warning”will require“Warning”
1414
Hazard StatementsHazard Statements A single harmonised hazard A single harmonised hazard
statement for each hazard category statement for each hazard category within each hazard classwithin each hazard class
e.g.e.g. Flammable liquid Flammable liquid - Category 1 - Category 1 ““ Extremely Extremely flammable liquid and flammable liquid and vapour ” vapour ” - Category 2 - Category 2 ““Highly flammable Highly flammable liquid and vapour”liquid and vapour” - Category 3 - Category 3 “ “ Flammable liquid Flammable liquid and vapour”and vapour” - Category 4- Category 4 “ “Combustible liquid”Combustible liquid”
1515
Hazard Statements Hazard Statements (cont.)(cont.)
e.g.e.g. Oral Acute Toxicity Oral Acute Toxicity
–category 1 category 1 ““ Fatal if swallowed “Fatal if swallowed “–Category 2 Category 2 ““Fatal if swallowed ”Fatal if swallowed ”–Category 3 Category 3 “ “ Toxic if swallowed”Toxic if swallowed”–Category 4Category 4 “ “Harmful if Harmful if swallowed”swallowed”
–Category 5Category 5 “ “Maybe harmful if Maybe harmful if swallowed”swallowed”
1616
Precautionary Precautionary StatementsStatementsGHS label should include GHS label should include
appropriate appropriate precautionary information precautionary information
The intent is to The intent is to harmonise precautionary harmonise precautionary statements in the futurestatements in the future
1717
Examples of Precautionary Pictograms
From European Union From European Union (COUNCIL DIRECTIVE(COUNCIL DIRECTIVE
92/58/EEC of 24 June 1992)92/58/EEC of 24 June 1992)
1818
Product IdentifierProduct IdentifierName or number used for a Name or number used for a
hazardous product on a label or in hazardous product on a label or in the SDS. the SDS.
Unique means by which the Unique means by which the substance or mixture can be substance or mixture can be identified within the particular use identified within the particular use settingsetting
UN proper shipping name also to UN proper shipping name also to be used on the package when be used on the package when substance or mixture covered by substance or mixture covered by the UN RTDG the UN RTDG
1919
Precedence of Precedence of hazardhazard
DANGER WARNING
>
Skin/Eye irritation
Skin/Eye irritation
>
>>
2020
Declaration of Declaration of IngredientsIngredients
Substances Substances – chemical identity (name as chemical identity (name as determined by IUPAC, ISO, CAS or determined by IUPAC, ISO, CAS or technical name)technical name)
Mixtures Mixtures – chemical identities of all chemical identities of all ingredients contributing to acute ingredients contributing to acute toxicity, skin or eye corrosion, toxicity, skin or eye corrosion, germ cell mutagenicity, germ cell mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, skin or respiratory toxicity, skin or respiratory sensitisation or TOSTsensitisation or TOST
Competent authority rules for Competent authority rules for CBICBI take priority take priority
2121
Confidential Confidential Business Business InformationInformation Competent authorities should establish Competent authorities should establish
appropriate mechanisms for CBI appropriate mechanisms for CBI protection. CBI will not be harmonized protection. CBI will not be harmonized under the GHS.under the GHS.
The provisions for CBI protection should The provisions for CBI protection should not compromise the health and safety not compromise the health and safety of users.of users.
CBI claims should be limited to the CBI claims should be limited to the names of chemicals and their names of chemicals and their concentrations in mixtures.concentrations in mixtures.
Mechanisms should be established for Mechanisms should be established for disclosure in emergency and non-disclosure in emergency and non-emergency situations.emergency situations.
2222
Other (Non-GHS) Other (Non-GHS) InformationInformation
Supplemental informationSupplemental informationCompetent authority may Competent authority may
choose to specify where choose to specify where information should appear on information should appear on the label or allow supplier the label or allow supplier discretiondiscretion
Must not impede identification Must not impede identification of GHS informationof GHS information
2323
Allocation of Label Allocation of Label ElementsElementsExample : Acute Toxicity (Oral)
NoSymbol
Warning
May be harmful if swallowed
Warning
Harmful ifSwallowe
d
Danger
Toxic if swallowed
Danger
Fatal if swallowed
Danger
Fatal if swallowed
Category 5
Category 4
Category 3Category 2Category 1
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Allocation of Label Allocation of Label Elements (cont.)Elements (cont.)Example : Skin Corrosion/Irritation
NoSymbolWarning
Causes mild skin irritation
Warning
Causes skin
irritation
Danger
Causes severe
skin burns and eye damage
Danger
Causes severe
skin burns and eye damage
Danger
Causes severe
skin burns and eye damage
Category 3
Category 2
Category 1C
Category 1B
Category 1A
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Building Block Building Block Approach (1)Approach (1)Category
1Category
2Category
3Category
4Category
5
Danger
Fatal if swallowed
Danger
Fatal if swallowed
Danger
Toxic if swallowed
Warning
Harmful ifSwallowe
d
NoSymbol
Warning
May be harmful if swallowed
Not required under the TDG/MR
Not required under the TDG/MR
Example : Acute Toxicity (Oral)
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Building Block Building Block Approach (2)Approach (2)
Unstable/
Division 1.1
Division 1.2
Division 1.3
Division 1.4
Division 1.5
Division 1.6
Danger
Explosive; mass explosion hazard
Danger
Explosive;
severe projection hazard
Danger
Explosive;
fire, blast or
projection hazard
1.4 *
Warning
Fire or projection hazard
1.5 *
Warning
May explode
in fire
1.6 *
Example : Explosives
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United Nations Co., Ltd. 1-1, Peace Ave., GenevaSwitzerlandTel. 41 22 917 00 00 Fax. 41 22 917 00 00
Precautionary statements:・ Keep out of reach of children.・ Keep container tightly closed.・ Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.・ Wear eye/face protection.・ Wear protective gloves/clothing.・ Wear respiratory protection, as specified by the manufacturer.・ Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.・ Use appropriate ventilation.・ Wash thoroughly after handling.
Hazard statements:・ Toxic if swallowed・ Toxic in contact with skin・ Fatal if inhaled・ May cause an allergic skin reaction.・ May cause genetic defects.・ May cause cancer・ Cause severe skin burns and eye damage・ Cause serious eye irritation・ Toxic to aquatic life
DANGER
Epichlohydrin1-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropaneCAS No. 106-89-8UN No. 2023
Supplier identification
Precautionary statements
Hazard statements
Signal word
Pictogram
EPICHLOROHYDRINExample of label component
Product identifier
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Safety Data SheetSafety Data Sheet
Primarily workplace usePrimarily workplace use
16 heading format agreed16 heading format agreed
Minimum additional Minimum additional information specified, information specified, where applicable or where applicable or available, under the available, under the relevant headingsrelevant headings
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Criteria for SDS Criteria for SDS productionproduction
For all substances and mixtures For all substances and mixtures which meet the harmonized which meet the harmonized criteria for physical, health or criteria for physical, health or environmental hazards under environmental hazards under the GHS the GHS
3030
Cut off Cut off values/Concentratiovalues/Concentration limits for health n limits for health and environmental and environmental hazard classhazard class
≥ 1.0Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment
≥ 1.0Target Organ Systemic Toxicity (Repeat Exp.)
≥ 1.0Target Organ Systemic Toxicity (Single Exp.)
≥ 0.1Reproductive Toxicity
≥ 0.1Carcinogenicity
≥ 1.0Mutagenicity: Category2
≥ 0.1Mutagenicity: Category1
≥ 1.0Respiratory/Skin sensitization
≥ 1.0Serious damage to eyes/eye irritation
≥ 1.0Skin Corrosion/Irritation
≥ 1.0Acute Toxicity
Cut-off value /Concentration limitHazard class
3131
SDS 16 HeadingsSDS 16 Headings
1.1. Identification.Identification.2.2. Hazard(s) identification.Hazard(s) identification.3.3. Composition/information on Composition/information on
ingredients.ingredients.4.4. First-aid measures.First-aid measures.5.5. Fire-fighting measures.Fire-fighting measures.6.6. Accidental release Accidental release
measures.measures.7.7. Handling and storage.Handling and storage.8.8. Exposure controls/personal Exposure controls/personal
protection.protection.
3232
SDS 16 Headings SDS 16 Headings (cont.)(cont.)
9.9. Physical and chemical Physical and chemical properties.properties.
10.10.Stability and reactivity.Stability and reactivity.11.11.Toxicological information.Toxicological information.12.12.Ecological information.Ecological information.13.13.Disposal considerations.Disposal considerations.14.14.Transport information.Transport information.15.15.Regulatory information.Regulatory information.16.16.Other information.Other information.
3333
Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (1) 1 Identification of the
substance or mixture
and of the supplier
・ GHS product identifier.
・ Other means of identification.
・ Recommended use of the chemical
and restrictions on use.
・ Supplier’s details (including name,
address, phone number etc).
・ Emergency phone number.
2 Hazards identification ・ GHS classification of the
substance/mixture and any
national or regional information.
・ GHS label elements, including
precautionary statements. Other
hazards which do not result in
classification or are not covered by
the GHS.
3434
Minimum Minimum information for an information for an SDS ingredients (2) SDS ingredients (2)
3 Composition/information on ingredients
Substance
・ Chemical identity.
・ Common name, synonyms, etc.
・ CAS number, other unique number,etc.
・ Impurities and stabilizing additives
which are themselves classified and
which contribute to the classification
of the substance.
Mixture The chemical identity and concentration or concentration ranges of all ingredients which are hazardous within the meaning of the GHS and are present above their cut-off levels.
3535
Minimum Minimum information for an information for an SDS ingredients (3) SDS ingredients (3)
4First aid measures
・ Description of necessary measures, subdivided according to the different routes of exposure, i.e. inhalation, skin and eye contact and ingestion.・ Most important symptoms/effects,acute and delayed.・ Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary.
5
Fire-fighting measures
・ Suitable (and unsuitable) extinguishing media.
・ Specific hazards arising from the
chemical (e.g. nature of any hazardous
combustion products).
・ Special protective equipment and
precautions for firefighters.
3636
Minimum Minimum information for an information for an SDS ingredients (4) SDS ingredients (4)
6 Accidental release measures
・ Personal precautions, protective
equipment and emergency procedures.
・ Environmental precautions.
・ Methods and materials for
containment and cleaning up
7 Handling and storage ・ Precautions for safe handling.
・ Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities.
8 Exposure
controls/personal
protection.
・ Control parameters e.g. occupational exposure limit values or biological limit values.
・ Appropriate engineering controls.
・ Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment.
3737
Minimum Minimum information for an information for an SDS ingredients (5) SDS ingredients (5) 9 Physical and
chemical properties
・ Appearance (physical state, colour).・ Viscosity・ Odour threshold.・ PH.・ Melting point/freezing point.・ Initial boiling point and boiling range.・ Flash point.・ Evaporation rate.・ Flammability (solid, gas).・ Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits.・ Vapour pressure.・ Vapour density.・ Relative density.・ Solubility(ies).・ Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water.・ Auto-ignition temperature.・ Decomposition temperature.
3838
Characteristics of the 11 chemicals (Physical Data)
3939
Physical Data
Boiling Point -The temperature at which a liquid turns to a vapour
4040
Freezing Point
- Temperature at which the liquid form of a chemical will turn into the solid form
Melting Point
- Temperature at which the solid form of a chemical will turn into the liquid form
Vapour pressure
- The higher the vapour pressure,the more rapidly the material will change from liquid form to o vapour when released to the environment.
4141
Vapour pressure
The amount of released harmful vapors in based on the chemical’s vapor pressure. The greater the vapor pressure, the greater the yield of hazardous vapors . Acetone will give off more vapors then gasoline. Sulfuric acid has a low vapor pressure and gives off little vapor.
4242
Vapour density- Density of a gas compared to the density of air
4343
Specific gravity - density of a chemical compared to the density of water. If the specific gravity is less than one, the chemical will float on water. If the specific gravity is greater than one, the chemical will sink.
4444
4545
Fire and Explosion Data.
4646
Health Hazard Information
4747
Water solubility of a chemical the quantity of a chemical that will mix with or dissolve in water. Helps to determine many of its toxic effects on living tissues / Chemicals that are very water soluble, lead to cellular injury.
4848
Liquid - gas ratios. The volume of gas produced by the vaporization of a given volume of liquid . The volume of gas produced is always greater than the volume of liquid before vaporization.
4949
The expansion ratio of a chemical helps to determine the extent of hazard that the chemical poses.
Different chemicals have different expansion ratios. Liquified gases and cryogenics have the greatest
5050
Minimum Minimum information for an information for an SDS ingredients (6) SDS ingredients (6)
10 Stability and reactivity
・・ Chemical stability.Chemical stability.・・ Possibility of hazardous reactions.Possibility of hazardous reactions.・・ Conditions to avoid (e.g. staticConditions to avoid (e.g. static discharge, shock or vibration).discharge, shock or vibration).・・ Incompatible materials.Incompatible materials.・・ Hazardous decomposition products.Hazardous decomposition products.
11 Toxicological information
・・ information on the likely routes ofinformation on the likely routes of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, skinexposure (inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact);and eye contact);・・ Symptoms related to the physical,Symptoms related to the physical, chemical and toxicologicalchemical and toxicological characteristics;characteristics;・・ Delayed and immediate effects andDelayed and immediate effects and also chronic effects from short- andalso chronic effects from short- and long-term exposure;long-term exposure;・・ Numerical measures of toxicity (suchNumerical measures of toxicity (such as acute toxicity estimates).as acute toxicity estimates).
5151
Minimum Minimum information for an information for an SDS ingredients (7) SDS ingredients (7)
12 Ecological information
・・ Ecotoxicity (aquatic and terrestrial, Ecotoxicity (aquatic and terrestrial,
where available).where available).
・・ Persistence and degradability.Persistence and degradability.
・・ Bioaccumulative potential.Bioaccumulative potential.
・・ Mobility in soil.Mobility in soil.
・・ Other adverse effects.Other adverse effects.
13 Disposal considerations
・・ Description of waste residues andDescription of waste residues and
information on their safe handling information on their safe handling andand
methods of disposal, including the methods of disposal, including the
disposal of any contaminated disposal of any contaminated packaging.packaging.
5252
Minimum information Minimum information for an SDS ingredients for an SDS ingredients (8) (8)
14 Transport information ・・ UN number.UN number.
・・ UN Proper shipping name.UN Proper shipping name.
・・ Transport Hazard class(es).Transport Hazard class(es).
・・ Packing group, if applicable.Packing group, if applicable.
・・ Marine pollutant (Yes/No).Marine pollutant (Yes/No).
・・ Special precautions which a user Special precautions which a user needs needs
to be aware of or needs to comply to be aware of or needs to comply with with
in connection with transport or in connection with transport or
conveyance either within or outside conveyance either within or outside theirtheir
premises.premises.
5353
Minimum information Minimum information for an SDS ingredients for an SDS ingredients (9) (9)
15 Regulatory information
・・ Safety, health and environmentalSafety, health and environmental
regulations specific for the product regulations specific for the product inin
question.question.
16 Other information
Including information
on preparation and
revision of the SDS
・・ References, etc.References, etc.
5454
Label - Examples
Transportation and
Workplace
Plastic drum
Transportation and
Workplace
Plastic drum
5555
Label - Examples
Transportation and
Workplace
Paper box
Transportation and
Workplace
Paper box
5656
Label - Examples
Workplace
Paper box
Workplace
Paper box
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