the exposure of infection

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caused, however, he would be ready to deal. lo is worth

noting that the Socieby’s agents have not thus far beenrequired to act in such a case, nor, wa may add, is

then any reason to anticipate their interference. The

question at issue, it should be remembered, does not con-cern the suffering animal only. It affects also the vitalinterests of man, and we are confident that a means ofresearch which alone bringg us to approximate certaintyIn the treatment of disease, even though it employ thepain of the lower to relieve that of the higher creature,will command the support of public opinion.

ALLEGED CHOLERA IN PARIS.CASES of cholera are alleged to have occurred in and

about Paris for several weeks past, and some of them haveproved fatal. They have occurred during exceptionally hotweather, and at a time when water from the Seine has beendistributed to the population. The use of this wateris always found to be associated with risk, especiallyduring summer weather, when, owing to drought, it is mostresorted to. The alleged cases now occurring ia Paris areregarded as sporadic only. -

EXTIRPATION OF THE LARYNX.

THE number of cases in which the operation of removalof the entire larynx has been successfully performed isgradually increasing. The latest of these was recorded byProfessor Wolff at the recent session of the Surgical Con-gress at Berlin, where the patient was exhibited eightmonths after the operation. The interest of the case isenhanced by the fact that by means of an artificial larynx,invented by Professor Bruns, the patient is able to speakand sing, as illustrated before the Congress by his recita-tion of a monologue from Schiller’s "William Tell" and hissinging of " Gaudeamus igitur."

MEDICAL HEROISM.

ALTHOUGH daily there are members of our profession whoperform deeds well entitled to the epithet " heroic," it isonly now and then that some action more striking in thecircumstances that surround it gains for it public notice.Such an act was performed a few days since at Sunderland,where three men were rendered insensible by carbonicfumes whilst cleaning out a stove connected with a blastfurnace. Dr. Glen, who was sent for, at once ascended tothe top of the stove, a height of 60 ft., and, lashing himselfwith a rope to prevent his faDiog, he successfully applied- artificial respiration to each of the three victims, the timetaken in this perilous task being fully an hour.

KILLED BY AN EMETIC?

A CASE of toxicologial interest recently occurred atMacclesfield. J. B-, aged sixty-six years, went into apublichouse, and, after havlng some rum, told the landlordhe had taken a penny worth of sulphate of zinc. He doesnot seem to have vomited, but next morning he was founddead. It does not appear that a post-mortem examinationwas made, but a medical witness deposed that inasmuch assome common salt was administered to deceased to provoke.emesis, the result would be that chloride of zinc would beformed, which would act as an irritant and cause perforation of the stomach. It] is not safe to argue, from our

knowledge of chemical decomposibions out of the boùy, thatexactly the same results would happen in the stomach. Thefluids of the body contain chlorides in solution. Moreover,there is free by drocbloiic acid in the gastric solution, andyet sulphate of zinc is considered a safe and proper emetic.We imagine that the death was due to the absorptionof alcohol and zinc rather than to the iiritation of thestomach, which, to say the least, was not sufficient in thiscase to provoke vomiting.

THE WORKING CLASSES AND HOSPITALSUNDAY.

WE are glad to see hospitals (e.g., St. Mary’s in TheTimes) disclaiming responsibility for encouraging street col.lections for hospitals. In one of these a poor child with spinalcomplaint has been carried round for mere sensational effect,regardless of his sensations. We feel conviaced that noisystreet demonstrations, especially on Sundays, are a mistake,and bring the cause into disfavour rather than otherwise.We have one goød suggestion to make most respectfully tothe working classes, aud that is that they and their familiesshould go, with all the money they can spare, to the variouschurches of London on Sunday, and so swell the hospital col.lection by £10,000. This will not diminish their own spe-cial collection. Apart from all dogmatic the)logy, theworking-men of England are good Christians, and theycannot better show it than by joining the rest of the com-

munity in one of the highest Christian acts which blendsall creeds and should blend all classes.

THE SUSPENSION OF A DISTRICT MEDICALOFFICER.

WE await with much interest the reply of the LocalGovernment Board to the letter of the solicitors of Mr.Walters. Since our last comments upon this case,Mr. Walters’ suspension has been again considered by theguardians of the poor of his district, several of whom con-sidered he had been too hardly and illegally dealt with;but on a vote being taken for the adoption of the report(recommending his suspension), it was carried by seventeento six. We trust, therefore, that this division in the

opinions of the guardians will not be lost sight of by thecentral authority, and that a Poor-law medical officer ofthirty eight years’ standing will be honourably acquitted ofhaving acted contrary to the law as laid down in theConsolidabed Orders.

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THE EXPOSURE OF INFECTION.

IT is not often that successful proceedings are taken forthe exposure of infected persons or things, it being necessaryto successful action to prove that the exposure was wilful.But a few days ago Dr. F. J. Allan, medical officer ofhealth for Shoreditch, secured the conviction of a womanwho, whilst her children were kept away from school inconsequence of their suffering from scarlet fever, sent themabout to do her shopping. The magistrate rightly statedthat the practice was a most mischievous one, and he finedthe woman ten shillings, with costs. Ib is to be hoped that,notwithstanding the comparative leniency of the fine, thelesson will be taken to heart by parents and others whooften commit a like offence against the public health.

FOREIGN UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.

Basle. -A, chair of Hygiene is to be established.Berlin.-The chair of Chemistry vacant by the death of

PlOfessor Hoffmann, has been offered to Professor EmilFischer of Wurzburg, where he was appointed to succeedWislicenus, on the latter’s migration to Leipsic.Buda Pesth.-Drs. Haberern, Dirner, Bársony, and Roth

mann have been recognised as privat-docenten of Surgery,Gynæcology, Midwifery, and Odontology respectively.Erlangen.-Dr. Emil Graser has been appointed Extra-

ordinary Professor of Surgery. He was for many years firstassistant to Professor Heinecke.

Freiburg (Baden).-Dr. Rose has been appointed to thecharge of the new dental out patient department.

Gratz -Dr. Borysiekiewicz has been appointed to thechair of Ophthalmology, and Dr. Jarisch of Innsbruckto that of Dermatology.