the 2011 spm - quia
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SUBTOPICNUMBER OF QUESTIONS
2411 2012 201 3 2014 2015 2016 2017
6.1 Electrolytes and Non-electrolytes 2 1 1 1
6.2 Electrolysis of Molten Compounds
6.3 Electrolysis of Aqueous Solutions 1 z 1 1
6.4 Electrolysis in Industries 1 1 1 1
6.5 Voltaic Cells z 1 1 z 2
6.6 The Electrochemical Series 1 1
PAPER 1
]l! Electrolytes and Non-Electrolytes
SPM 2012 Question 21 Which particles are produced when an electrolyte
dissolves in water?Zarah manakah yang terhasil apabila eleknolitmelarut dalam air?A Ions
IonB Atoms
AtomC Electrons
ElektronD Molecules
Molekul
SPM 2012 Question 422 lnwhich apparatus set-up does the bulb light up?
Dalam susunan radas manakah mentol itu akan
menyala?A B
BulbMentol
CarbonelectrodesElektrodknrbon
Propanoic acid solution Glacial ethanoic a
Ittrutan asid propanoik Asid etanoik glasial
CarbonelectrodesElektrodkarbon
Glucose solutionInrutan glukosa
SPM 2014 Question I3 Which of the following is conect about an
electrolyte?Antara yang berikut, yang manakah betul tentang
elehrolit?A Dissolves in water
Larut dalam airB Exists as liquid at room temperature
Wujud sebagai cecairConducts electricity in solid state
Mengkonduksi elektrik dalam keadaan
pepejalHas freely moving ions in aqueous state
Mempunyai ion-ion bergerak bebas dalam
keadaan akueus
BulbMentol
lr-r Bulb
@'/ Mentol
C
D
56
ANALYSIS OF THE 2011_ 2017 SPM PAPERS
Pure ethanolEtanol tulen
SPM 2015 Question 424 Diagram I I shows the conversation between two
students while carrying out an experiment.Rajah 17 menunjukkan perbualan antara duaorang murid s emas a menj al ankan s atu elcs pe ri me n.
Diagram llRajah ll
What can the students do to overcome the problem?Apakah yang boleh dilakukan oleh murid itu untukmengatas i masalah tersebut?A Replace carbon electrodes with copper
electrodesGantikan elektrod karbon dengan elektrodkuprum
B Pour ethanol into soap powderTuangkan etanol ke dalam serbuk sabun
C Pour water into soap powderTuangkan air ke dalam serbuk sabun
D Replace soap powder with detergent powderGantikan serbuk sabun dengan serbukdetergen
SPM 2017 Question 125 Which substances are classified correctly?
Bahan-bahan yang manakah dikelaskan denganbetul?
ElectrolyteElektrolit
Non-electrolyteBukan elektrolit
Glucose solutionLarutan glukosa
TetrachloromethaneTbtraklorometana
TetrachloromethaneTetraklorometana
Sodium hydroxidesolutionLarutan natriumhidroksida
BatteryBateri
BulbMentol
Maybe there is a problemwith the wire connection.Mungkin ada masalahpada sambungan wayqr
Why this bulb is notlight up?Kenapa mentol initidak menyala?
Carbon electrodes
nitrat
Magnesiumnitrate solutionLarutan magnesium
Glucose solutionLarutan glukosa
Sodium hydroxidesolutionLarutan natriumhidroksida
Magnesium nitratesolutionLarutan magnesiumnitrqt
@ Electrolysis of Aqueous SolutionsSPM 2011Question 96 Which of the following factor does not affect the
electrolysis of an aqueous solution?Antara faktor berikut, yang manakah tidakmempengaruhi elektrolisis larutan akueus?A Concentration of ions in the electrolytes
Kepekatan ion-ion dalam elektrolitB Types ofelectrodes used in the electrolysis
Jenis elektrod yang digunakan dalamelektrolisis
C Position of ions in the electrochemical seriesKedudukan ion-ion dalam siri elektrokimia
D Volume of electrolytes used in the electrolysislsi padu elehrolit yang digunakan dalamelektrolisis
SPM 2011 Question 237 Which substance conducts electric current in
aqueous state?Bahan manakah yang mengkonduksikan aruselektrik dalam keadaan akueus?A Silver chloride C Calcium sulphate
Argentum klorida Kalsium sulfatB Sodium chlorioe
Natrium klorida
SPM 2012 Question 23
D Barium sulphateBarium sulfat
8 A concentrated sodium chloride solution iselecholysed using carbon electrodes.Which are the half-equations that represent thereactions at the anode and the cathode?Larulan natrium klorida pekat dielektrolisis,me ng gunakan e lekno d karb on.Setengah persamaan manakah yang mewakilitindak balas di anod dan di katod?
AnodeAnod
CathodeKatod
2Cl - Clr+2s' Na*+e -Na2Cl - Clr+2s 2H* -t 2s- + 11.,
4OH- 'Or+2HrO+4e Na*+g-+5a4OH ' O, + 2HrO t- 4e 2H* t2e +Hz
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
a=EeE
SPM 2015 Question 249 Diagram 7 shows the apparatus set-up for two
simple cells.Rajah 7 menunjukkan susttnan radas bagi duu selringkas.
. \, _i_-_iril
^r-,-,^ I ,--nr-,.,D [/-r.tr\ -l
| tr/^'.|X::1.% r-H-r+ Y:;2':, Y:J\',oot[f: Y:;i:,-. 6"... Y
l,$ ,;,, IlE r I |r-!:,i.ff Alter z nours Y\ Selepos2jam I\/
0.5 mol dmrof copper(ll) sulphate solutionLarutan kuprum(Il) sulfat 0.5 mol dmi
Diagram 7
Rajah 7
Based on Diagram 7, which statement is correct?
Berdasarkan Rajah 7, penyatqan monakah yangbetul?A Metal P is a positive terminal
LogamP qdalah terminal positifB Electrons flow from metal P to metal Q
Elektron mengalir dari logamP ke logam QC P can displace Q from its salt solution
P boleh menyesarkan Q daripada larutangaramnya
D Position of metal P is higher than metal Q inelectrochemical series
Kedudukan logamP lebih tinggi berbandinglogam Q dalam siri elektrokimia
SPM 2015 Question 2710 During electrolysis of copper(Il) chloride
solution using carbon electrodes, the colour oftheelectrolyte turn from blue to light blue.
Which statement best explains the observation?
Semasa elehrolisis larutan kuprum(ll) klorida
dengan menggunakan elektrod karbon warna
elehrolit bertulear daripada biru menjadi biru muda.
Penyataan manakah yang paling baik untukmen er angkan p emerhat i an i tu?
A Copper is produced at cathode
Kuprum terhasil di katod
D
Concentration of copper(Il) ions decreases
Kepekatan ion kuprum(ll) berkuranganMore chloride ions are discharged at anode
Semakin banyak ion klorida dinyahcas di anodChlorine gas produced decolourises the colourof the electrolyteGas klorin yang terhasil melunturkan warnaelektrolit
SPM 2016 Question 441l Diagram 14 shows the apparatus set-up for the
electrolysis of 25.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dmr copper(Il)sulphate solution using carbon electrodes.Rajah 14 menunjukkan susunan radas bagielektrolisis 25.0 cm3 larutan kuprum(ll) sulfatI .0 mol dm-3 dengan menggunakan elektrod karbon.
4.0 g carbon
electrode
4.0 g elektrod
karbon
4.5 g carbon electrode
4.5 gelektrod karbon
Copper(Il) sulphatesolutionLarut an kupram ( I I) su lfa t
Diagram 14
Rajah 14
After the reaction is completed, the blue copper(Il)sulphate solution turns colourless.What is the mass of the carbon cathode?
[Relative atomic mass: C : 12, O: 16, S : 32,
Cu:641Selepas tindak balas selesai, larutan birukuprum(Il) sulfat bertukar menjadi tanpa warna.Apakah jisim elektrod katod karbon?
lJisim atom relatif: C: 12, O = 16, S:32,Cu:641A l.6gB 4.09
C 5.6gD 6.1g
SPM 2017 Question 3512 Diagram l5 shows the apparatus set-up for
electrolysis of ammonia solution and sodiumhydroxide solution.Rajah 15 menunjukkan susunqn radas bagi proses
elektrolisis larutan ammonia dan lanttan natriumhidroksida.
Carbon electrodes
Elektrod karbon
0.5 mol dmr 0.5 mol dmrof sodiumof ammonia solution hydroxide solutionLarutan ammonia 0,5 mol dmi Larutan natrium hidrot<sida
0.5 mol dmJ
Diagram 15
Rajah 15
58
Which statement explains the difference in thebrightness ofthe bulb?Pernyataan manakah yang menerangkan tentangperbezaan kecerahan mentol tersebut?A The reacting particles in sodium hydroxide
solution gain more kinetic energyZarah-zarah yang bertindak balas dalamlarutan natrium hidroksida mendapat lebihtenaga kinetik
B The movement of ions in sodium hydroxidesolution is fasterPergerakan ion-ion dalam larutan nqtriumhidrol<sida adalah lebih pantas
C The number of free moving ions per unit volumeof sodium hydroxide solution is higherBilangan ion yang bergerak bebas per unit isipadu bagi larutan natrium hidroksida adalahlebih tinggi
D The total surface area of carbon electrode insodium hydroxide solution is biggerJumlqh luas permukaan bagi elektrod karbondalam larutan natrium hidrol<sida adalah lebihbesar
]!! Electrolysis in IndustriesSPM 2011 Question 3813 Diagram l0 shows the apparatus set-up to purif
silver.Rajah l0 menunjukkan susunan radas untukmenulenkan argentum.
Impure silverArgentumtak tulen
Pure silverArgentum tulen
Copper(Il)chloride solutionInrutan kuprum(ll)klorifui
Diagram l0Rajah l0
After one houq it is found that the silver is notpurified.What should be done to ensure purification takesplace?
Selepas satu jam, didapati argentum tidakditulenkan.Apakah yang perlu dilakukan untuk memastikanpenulenan berlaku?
A Use a bigger pure silverGunakan argentum tulen yang lebih besar
B Interchange the terminals in the cellSaling tukar terminal pada sel
C Increase the concentration of copper(Il)chloride solutionTambah kepekatan larutan kuprum(ll)klorida
D Use silver nitrate solution as the electrolyteMenggunakan larutan argentum nitratsebagai elektrolit
SPM 2012 Question 1514 Cryolite, NarAlFu is used in the extraction process
of aluminium in industry.What is the use of this substance?
Kriolit, NarAlFu digunakan dalam prosespengeks trakan aluminium dalam indus tri.Apakah kegunaan bahan ini?A Lower the melting points of aluminium oxide
Merendahkon takat lebur aluminium oksidaB Increase the rate ofreaction
Meningkatkan kadar tindak balasC Eliminate impurities
Menyingkirkan b endas ingD Hamper electrode from being oxidised
Menghalang elelarod daripada diol<sidakan
SPM 2013 Question 14
15 Which apparatus set-up is correct to purifu coppermetal?Susunan radas manakah yang betul untukmenulenkan logam kuprum?
Impure copperKuprwttaktukn
Coppe(II)nitrate solutionInrutmkuprum(ll) nitrat
Pure copper Impure copperKuprum tak tulen
Zinc nitratesolutionlnrutm zinknitrut
59
Kuprum tulen
Ci-E€E
C
ImpurecopperKuprumtak tulen
Pure copperKuprum tulen
Coppe(II)nitrate solutionlnrutankuprunt(Il) ninut
D
ImpurecopperKuprumtak tulen
Pure copperKuprum tulen
Zinc nitratesolutionlnruran zinknilrat
SPM 2016 Question 3216 Diagram l0 shows the apparatus set-up for
electroplating of iron plate with silver.Rajah l0 menunjukkan susunan radas bagipenyaduran plat ferum dengan argentum.
Diagram l0Raiah l0
What are P, Q and X?ApakahP,Q danX?
A
C
D
P a X
IronFerum
SilverArgentum
Silver nitrate
Argentum nitrat
IronFerum
SilverArgentum
Iron(II) nitrateFerum(ll) nitrat
SilverArgentum
IronFerum
Silver nitrateArgentum nitrat
SilverArgentum
IronFerum
Iron(ll) nitrateFerum(Il) nitrat
@ Ghemical CellSPM 2011 Question 10
17 Diagram 2 shows a voltaic cell.Rajah 2 menunjukkan suatu sel volta.
Zinc platePlot zink
Silver platePlat drgentum
Porous potPasu berliang
Zinc nitrate solutionbrutan zink nitrat
Silver nitrate solutionlarutan urgcntum nitrat
Diagram2Rajah2
The function of the porous pot is to allow the flow ofFungsi pasu berliang adalah untuk membenarksnpengaliranA ions C
ion-ionB atoms D
arcm-atom
SPM 2011 Question 3218 Diagram 8 shows a simple chemical cell built using
a lime. Two different metals are used as electrodes.
Rajah 8 menunjukkan sel kimia ringkas yang dibinamenggunakan buah limau. Dua logam berlainandi gunakan s e b agai e lektro d.
protonsproton-protonelectronselektron-elektron
Zinc follKepingan zink
LimeBuah limau
Diagram 8
Rajah 8
Which of the following metal can be used to replace
the iron nail to obtain the highest voltage reading?
Antara logam berikut, yang manakah boleh
menggantikan paku besi itu untuk mendapat bacaon
voltan yang paling tinggi?
Iron nailPaku besi
A TinStanum
B LeadPlumbum
C SilverArgentum
D CopperKuprum
60
B
-i t----J t------l |---------1 t---
SPM 2012 Question 4719 Table 3 shows information about three simnle
voltaic cells.Jadual 3 menunjukkan maklumat tentang tiga selvolta ringkas.
Pair ofmetals
Pasanganlogam
Potentialdifference (V)
Bezukeupayaan (Y)
PositiveterminalTbrminalpositif
WandXW danX 0.7 X
X andYXdonY 2.0 Y
W andZW danZ 1.6 Z
Table 3
Jadual 3
What is the potential difference of a voltaic cellwhich uses Y andZ as electrodes?
Berapakah beza keupayaan sel volta yangmenggunakanY dan Z sebagai eleknod?A O.4VB O.9V
c l.lvD I.3V
SPM 2013 Question 2220 Diagram 5 shows a simple voltaic cell.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan suatu sel volta ringkas.
Y
Copp€(II)sulphate slutionItrutan kuprum(ll\sulfat
Diagram 5
Rajah 5
Which pair of materials are suitable to be used as
electrodes X and Y?Pasangan bahan manakah yang sesuai digunakansebagai elektrod X dan Y?
x YMagnesiumMagnesium
CopperKuprum
MagnesiumMagnesium
CarbonKarbon
CarbonKarbon
CarbonKarbon
CopperKuprum
CopperKuprum
C
6l
SPM 2014 Question 262l Diagram 4 shows a simple voltaic cell.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu sel voltan ringkas.GalvanometerGalvanometer
Iron plate .Copper plate
PIat kuprum
Lemon'Limau
Platferum
Diaeram 4niiat' +
What does the needle of the galvanometer deflect?Mengapakah j arum galvanometer terpesong?A Lemon juice is an electrolye
Jus limau adalah elek*olitB Iron is less electropositive than copper
Ferum kurang eleHropositif daripada kuprum
C Copper react with lemon juiceKuprum bertindak balas dmgan jus limau
D Electron moves from copper plate to iron plate
Elektron bergerak dari plat kuprum ke platferum
SPM 2014 Question 5022 Diagram 10 shows a simple voltaic cell.
Rajah l0 menunjukkon satu sel volta ringkas.
MagnesiumMagnesium
CopperKuprum
Diagram 10
Rajah l0
Which half equation represents the reaction at thepositive terminal of the voltaic cell?Setengah persamaan manakah mewakili tindqkbalas di terminal positif sel voltan?
0.1 mol dmr hydrochloric acid
Asid hidroklonft 0.1 mol dm 3A
B
D
A 2C1 -Cl2+2eB Cul2'+ 2e - CuC 2H* + 2e ---+ H2
D Mg - Mgt'+ 2e
SPM 2015 Quesfion 323 Which chemical cell is not rechargeable?
Sel kimia manakah yang tiduk boleh dicas semulct?
A Mercury cellSel merkuri
B Lithium-ion cellSel ion litiumNickel-cadmium cellSel nikel-kadmiumNickel-metal hydride cellSel nikel logam hidrida
SPM 2015 Question 11
24 Which pair correctly shows the differencesbetween an electrolytic cell and a voltaic cell?Pasangan manakah yang betul menunjukkanperbezaaan antara sel elektrolisis dengan selvoltan?
Electrolytic cellSel elektrolisis
Voltaic cellSel voltun
Contains electroly.teMengandungielektrolit
Does not containelectrolyteTidak mengandungielektrolit
Electrons flow fromnegative terminal topositive terminalElektron mengalirdari terminal negatifke terminal positif
Electrons flow frompositive terminal tonegative terminalElektron mengalirdari terminal positifke terminal negatif
Two different tlpesof metals used as
electrodes
Duajenis logamberbeza digunakansebagai elektrod
The same typeof metals used as
electrodesLogam yang samajenis digunakansebagai elektrod
Converts electricalenergy to chemicalenergyMenukarkan tenagaelektrik kepadatenaga kimia
Converts chemicalenergy to electricalenergyMenukarkan tenagakimia kepada tenagaelektrik
C
A
B
C
D
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@ The Electrochemical Series
SPM 2014 Question 2425 Diagram 3 shows four chemical cells.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan empat sel kimia.
Copperelectrode
Elektrodkuprum
Electrode QElektrod Q
ElectrolyteElektrolil
MagnesiumelectrodeElektrodmagnesium
ElectrolyteElektrolit
MagnesiumelectrodeElehrodmagnesium
Copperelectrode
Elektrodkuprum
ElectrolyteElektrolit
Cell IISel II
Cell IVSel IV
Diagram 3
Rajah 3
Electrode QElektrod Q
ElectrolyteElektrolit
11{
What is the arrangement of metal Q, copper,iron and magnesium in descending order of theelectrochemical series?
Apakah susunan logam Q, kuprum, ferum danmagnesium mengikut tertib menurun dalam sirielehrokimia?A Q, magnesium, iron, copper
Q, magnesium, ferum, kuprumB Magnesium, Q, iron, copper
Magnes ium, Q, ferum, kuprumC Magnesium, iron, Q, copper
Magnes ium, ferum, Q, kuprumD Magnesium, iron, copper, Q
Magnes ium, ferum, kuprum, Q
SPM 2016 Question 2926 Table 2 shows the observation for the reactions
between metal X with two different salt solutions.Jadual 2 menunjukkan pemerhatian bagi tindakbalas di ontara logam X dengan dua larutangaram yang berbeza.
Table 3Jadual 3
Which of the following is the correct descending
order of metal X, copper and zinc in the
electrochemical series?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakqh susunansecara menurun yang betul bagi logam X, kuprumdan zink dalam siri elektrokimia?A X, copper, zinc
X, kuprum dan zinkB X, zinc, copper
X, zink, kuprumC Zinc,copper,X
Zink, kuprum, XD Zinc,X, copper
Zink, X, kuprum
Salt solutionLarutan garam
ObservationPemerhatisn
Copper(Il) sulphateKuprum(Il) sulfat
Brown deposit is formedEnapan perang terbentuk
Zinc sulphateZink sulfat
No changeTiada perubahan
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