technology final review. what is technology? the process by which humans modify nature to meet...
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Technology Final ReviewTechnology Final Review
What is Technology?What is Technology?
The process by which humans modify The process by which humans modify nature to meet their needs and wants.nature to meet their needs and wants.
Engineering Design ProcessEngineering Design Process
1.1. Identify the problemIdentify the problem
2.2. Set goalsSet goals
3.3. Gather InformationGather Information
4.4. Define Alternative SolutionsDefine Alternative Solutions
5.5. Select the best solutionSelect the best solution
6.6. Implement the SolutionImplement the Solution
Technology Systems ModelTechnology Systems Model
INPUTINPUTThe The
command command we give we give
the systemthe system
INPUTINPUTThe The
command command we give we give
the systemthe system
PROCESSPROCESSThe action partThe action part
7 Resources – People, Information, 7 Resources – People, Information, Materials, Tools and Machines, Capital, Materials, Tools and Machines, Capital,
Energy, TimeEnergy, Time
PROCESSPROCESSThe action partThe action part
7 Resources – People, Information, 7 Resources – People, Information, Materials, Tools and Machines, Capital, Materials, Tools and Machines, Capital,
Energy, TimeEnergy, Time
OUTPUTOUTPUT4 Types:4 Types:
OUTPUTOUTPUT4 Types:4 Types:
FEEDBACKFEEDBACKFEEDBACKFEEDBACK
Expected and desiredExpected and undesiredUnexpected and desiredEnexpected and undesired
7 Resources7 Resources
People:People: Creators and users of technologyCreators and users of technology Provide labor, knowledge and skillProvide labor, knowledge and skill
Information:Information: Knowing what to do and how to do it. Knowing what to do and how to do it.
7 Resources7 Resources
Tools and Machines:Tools and Machines: Tools: extend human capabilitiesTools: extend human capabilities Machines: change the amount, speed or Machines: change the amount, speed or
direction of forcedirection of force
CapitalCapital Any form of wealthAny form of wealth
7 Resources7 Resources
Time:Time: A unit measure for seconds, minutes, days, A unit measure for seconds, minutes, days,
etcetc
MaterialsMaterials The stuff the stuff is made from. (i.e. wood, The stuff the stuff is made from. (i.e. wood,
metals, ceramics)metals, ceramics)
EnergyEnergy The ability to do work.The ability to do work.
MaterialsMaterials
PropertiesProperties Strength – tension, compression, torsion, Strength – tension, compression, torsion,
shearshear ElasticityElasticity HardnessHardness FatigueFatigue
Types of MaterialsTypes of Materials
Wood:Wood: Hardwood : tree that loses its leavesHardwood : tree that loses its leaves Softwood: coniferous treesSoftwood: coniferous trees
Plastics: synthetic material in long polymer Plastics: synthetic material in long polymer chainschains Thermoplastic: formed using heat and Thermoplastic: formed using heat and
pressurepressure Thermoset: heated and formed once.Thermoset: heated and formed once.
Types of MaterialsTypes of Materials
Metals: organic elements from the EarthMetals: organic elements from the Earth
Alloys: mixture of two or more metalsAlloys: mixture of two or more metals Tin and copper = bronzeTin and copper = bronze
Types of MaterialsTypes of Materials
Ceramics: Ceramics: inorganic, nonmetallic minerals like clay, sand inorganic, nonmetallic minerals like clay, sand
and quartzand quartz
Composites:Composites: Combining two or more materials to make a Combining two or more materials to make a
material better than the originalmaterial better than the original
Materials ProcessingMaterials Processing
Separating Separating CombiningCombining FormingForming ConditioningConditioning
SeparatingSeparating
Removing pieces of materialRemoving pieces of material Chip producing and chiplessChip producing and chipless ExamplesExamples
SawingSawing ShearingShearing DrillingDrilling GrindingGrinding
CombiningCombining
Joining materials togetherJoining materials together MechanicalMechanical
Screws, nails, staples.Screws, nails, staples.
ChemicalChemical GluingGluing
HeatHeat weldingwelding
FormingForming
Changing the shape of the materialChanging the shape of the material BendingBending Casting – making jello or ice cubesCasting – making jello or ice cubes Forging – hammering into shapeForging – hammering into shape Extruding – squeeze through a die like Extruding – squeeze through a die like
toothpaste from a tubetoothpaste from a tube
ConditioningConditioning
Changing the internal structure of the Changing the internal structure of the materialmaterial Baking cookies or cakesBaking cookies or cakes HardeningHardening TemperingTempering AnnealingAnnealing
FinishingFinishing
Adding a protective coating to exterior of Adding a protective coating to exterior of the product.the product.
EnergyEnergy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can be changed from one form to but can be changed from one form to anotheranother
Potential: energy at restPotential: energy at rest
Kinetic: energy in motionKinetic: energy in motion
Forms of EnergyForms of Energy
Mechanical: energy of motionMechanical: energy of motion Thermal: heat energyThermal: heat energy Electrical: flow of electronsElectrical: flow of electrons Chemical: energy from a chemical reactionChemical: energy from a chemical reaction Nuclear: splitting or fusing atomsNuclear: splitting or fusing atoms Light (Radiant): energy from photons like Light (Radiant): energy from photons like
the sunthe sun
EnergyEnergy
Renewable: energy from things that can Renewable: energy from things that can be grown and replacedbe grown and replaced
Non-Renewable: Fossil fuelsNon-Renewable: Fossil fuels
Alternative EnergyAlternative Energy
Solar : energy from the sunSolar : energy from the sun Wind:Wind: HydroelectricHydroelectric GeothermalGeothermal TidalTidal BioMassBioMass
Newtons Laws of MotionNewtons Laws of Motion
11stst Law – Inertia Law – Inertia An object at rest will stay at rest, and an An object at rest will stay at rest, and an
object in motion will stay in motion, unless object in motion will stay in motion, unless acted upon by an unbalanced forceacted upon by an unbalanced force
Newton’s Laws of MotionNewton’s Laws of Motion
22ndnd Law – Law –
F=MAF=MA
Force = Mass x AccelerationForce = Mass x Acceleration
Newton’s Laws of MotionNewton’s Laws of Motion
Newton’s 3Newton’s 3rdrd Law Law For every action there is an equal, and For every action there is an equal, and
opposite reaction.opposite reaction.
ForcesForces
Tension: pulling forceTension: pulling force Compression: squeezing forceCompression: squeezing force Torsion: twisting forceTorsion: twisting force Shear: cutting forceShear: cutting force
Simple MachinesSimple Machines
WedgeWedge Inclined PlaneInclined Plane ScrewScrew Wheel and AxleWheel and Axle LeverLever PulleyPulley
Types of LeversTypes of Levers
Types of LeversTypes of Levers
Types of LeversTypes of Levers
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