targeted reactivation during sleep differentially affects negative

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Research Articles: Behavioral/Cognitive

Targeted reactivation during sleep differentially affects negative memories insocially anxious and healthy children and adolescents

S. Groch1, A. Preiss2, D. McMakin3,4, B. Rasch5, S. Walitza2, R. Huber1,2,† and I. Wilhelm1,6,7,†

1University Children's Hospital Zürich, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland2Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zürich,8032 Zürich, Switzerland.3Florida International University, Department of Psychology, Miami, FL 33199, USA4Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Miami, FL 33155, USA5University of Fribourg, Department of Psychology, 1701 Fribourg, Switzerland6Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zürich, 8032Zürich, Switzerland.7Department of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, University of Zürich, Switzerland.

DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1912-16.2017

Received: 14 June 2016

Revised: 5 January 2017

Accepted: 17 January 2017

Published: 31 January 2017

Author contributions: S.G., A.P., and I.W. performed research; S.G. and I.W. analyzed data; S.G., D.M., R.H.,and I.W. wrote the paper; A.P., D.M., B.R., S.W., R.H., and I.W. designed research.

The authors are highly grateful to Stephanie Burnett-Heyes for helping with the study material, Ronald E.Dahl for his support with planning the experiment and discussing the data and Thomas Schreiner for hissupport with data analyses. We also thank Aylin Yantaz and Sina Unseld for their help with data collection.This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Nr. 320030_153387), by the DeutscheForschungsgemeinschaft (Wi 4059/1-1), the Jacobs Foundation, the Child Research Centre of the UniversityChildren's Hospital, Zürich, Forschungskredit of the University of Zürich, grant no [NR FK-14-044] and the CRPPSleep and Health. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

†These authors contributed equally to this work.

Corresponding Author: Ines Wilhelm, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Steinwiesstr. 75, 8032 Zürich,Switzerland, Email: ines.wilhelm@kispi.uzh.ch, Tel.: +41-(0)44-2663217, Fax: +41-(0)44-2667866

Cite as: J. Neurosci ; 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1912-16.2017

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Participants.

Design and Procedure.

Sleep EEG.

Memory cueing during sleep.

Picture-word association task.

Ratings of pleasantness and arousal.

Analyses of power changes in response to cues.

Statistical analyses.

Retention of picture-word associations and ratings of pleasantness

Subjective ratings of pleasantness of pictures

Subjective ratings of arousal of pictures

Neuronal correlates of memory cueing during sleep

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