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Sustainable safety Bicycle inclusive planning and design

Arnold Bongers and Dick van Veen

Content

> Main requirements for cyclists

> The Dutch way: 'Sustainable Safety‘

> Examples of transformations

Main requirements for cyclists

Main requirements

> Coherence > Directness > Attractiveness > Safety > Comfort

Coherence

> Connectivity

> Origin > destination

> Completeness

> Recognisability

> Continuity

> Signposting

Directness

> Minimise detours

> Fine meshed cycle network

> Two directional road sections

> Minimise delays

> “Crossability”

> Traffic light optimalisation

Attractiveness

> Pleasant surroundings

> Small scale & variation

> Shading

> Minimum stress

> Social security

> Presence of people

> Lighting

Attractiveness

> Pleasant surroundings > Small scale & variation > Shading

> Minimum stress > Social security

> Presence of people > Lighting

Safety

> Minimise conflicts

> E.g. segregation

> Minimise outcome of conflicts

> E.g. traffic calming

> Allow for interaction between road users

> E.g. make sure they see each other

> Provide safety margins

> E.g. don’t add up minimum widths

Comfort

> Minimise energy

consumption

> Number of stops

> Smooth road surface

> Minimise gradients

> Make riding easy

> Avoid uncomfortable

manoeuvring

The Dutch way: Sustainable Safety

Sustainable safety

• Dutch traffic safety concept

• Launced in 1997 • Pro-active approach • Prevent and eliminate risk severe injury • Man as the measure of all things

Sustainable safety

Principles: 1 Functionality of roads

highway

urban highway

connector road

artery road

rural road

neighbourhood street

Sustainable safety Car network Delft: Through roads (red)

Connector roads (blue)

Distributor roads (green)

Sustainable safety

Principles: 1 Functionality of roads 2 Homogeneity of mass, direction and speed

Mix if you can, separate if you must!

Sustainable safety

Principles: 1 Functionality of roads 2 Homogeneity of mass, direction and speed 3 Recognizable road design

Sustainable safety

Principles: 1 Functionality of roads 2 Homogeneity of mass, direction and speed 3 Recognizable road design 4 Forgivingness of environment

Sustainable safety

function

use shape

> Balancing function, shape and use

Sustainable safety on the streets

Types cycle-infrastructure

more segregation

higher speeds higher volumes Mixed traffic

(30 km/h)

No segregation

Cycle lane (50 km/h)

Visual segregation

Cycle path (>=50 km/h)

Fysical segregation

29

Networks: finely meshed Car network Delft: Through roads (red)

Connector roads (blue)

Distributor roads (green)

Networks: finely meshed

30 km zones

30 km zones

30 km zones

30 km/h

35

30 km zones

30 km zones

30 km zones and shared space

50 km/h: cycle lanes

50 km/h: cycle lanes

50 km/h or higher: cycle paths

50 km/h or higher: cycle paths

42

50 km/h or higher: cycle paths

Examples of transformations

Creating a 'living' city

45

Designing for cyclists: crossings

46

Creating a living city

47

Spui, (former) through road in The Hague

Creating a living city

48

Spui: The Hague - traffic calmed inner city

Creating a living city

49

Spui: The Hague - traffic calmed inner city

Creating a living city

50

Local road: Fryslan, The Netherlands: From thoroughfare back to village road

Creating a living city Haren: Thoroughfare through the village - before

Creating a living city Haren: living streets with strong social interaction

Creating a living city Haren: living streets with strong social interaction

Creating a living city Shared Space: living streets with strong social interaction

And now the case How to solve problems? - is the road a part of the cycle-network? - what is the function of the road? - are bicycle facilities available? - can we make bicycle facilities? - is there an alternative for the cars or bicycles?

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