succession edexcel biology
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7. Ecological
Succession
7.1 Succession
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Starter Match up the key
word to the definition
Ecosystem
Biotic
Abiotic
Community
An ecological factor that makesup part of the nonbiological
en!ironment
More or less selfcontainedfunctional unit in ecology made up
of all the interacting biotic andabiotic factors in an area
"he organisms of all species thatli!e in the same area
An ecological factor that makesup part of the li!ing en!ironment
of an organism
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#earning $b%ecti!es
&escribe changes that occur in the !ariety
of species occupying an area o!er time
&efine succession and clima' community
Success Criteria
(ou can describe the order of plant
succession and e'plain common features
of succession
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Succession
"he changes) o!er time) in the species
that occupy a particular area
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Succession of bare rock or barren
land Succession happens when an area is first
colonised. *hat might happen to cause
this+ A retreating glacier depositing rock
*ind or sea piling sand into dunes
,olcanoes erupting and depositing la!a#and subsiding and creating lakes or ponds
Silt and mud being deposited at ri!erestuaries
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-ioneer Species
"he first stage of succession in!ol!es
pioneer species colonising an
inhospitable en!ironment -ioneer species ha!e features that suit
them to colonisation
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"ask
n pairs) come up with a list of features
that pioneer species may ha!e) which
would help them to colonise inhospitableen!ironments
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/eatures of -ioneer Species
-roduction of a lot of winddispersedseeds to easily reach isolated areas
0apid germination of seeds "he ability to photosynthesise "he ability to fi' nitrogen from the
atmosphere "olerance to e'treme conditions
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Stages of -lant Succession
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Stages of -lant Succession
Colonisers (lichens): when they die) theyrelease nutrients. "his changes the abiotic
en!ironment by creating soil. Mosses, then Ferns: rock is continually
eroded) as these die organic matterincreases) building up soil
Small flowering plants, shrubs then trees establish
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Clima' Community
"he organisms that make up the final
stage of ecological succession
A balanced euilibrium
n the 23) this is deciduous woodland
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Animal Succession
Animal species present depend on the
plant species found in the area
/or e'ample) mosses and grasses pro!ide
food and habitats for insects and worms.
"hese can then support secondary
consumers.
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Common features in any
succession "he nonli!ing en!ironment becomes less
hostile
A greater number and !ariety of habitats
ncreased biodi!ersity
More comple' food webs
ncreased biomass
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#and alteration Succession also occurs when land is
suddenly altered e.g. from a fire
"he area will then undergo succession to
return to a stable) clima' community
"his type of succession doesn4t begin with
a pioneer species
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#earning $b%ecti!es
&escribe changes that occur in the !ariety
of species occupying an area o!er time
&efine succession and clima' community
Success Criteria
(ou can describe the order of plant
succession and e'plain common features
of succession
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