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Copyright 2008 The Fun Music Company Pty Ltd
Student Workbook
printable music lesson plans
World Music
© 2011 Fun Music Company
Fact Sheet
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 1
1 What is World Music?
If you’re wondering just what in the world is World Music, don’t worry or stress - it’s not a mystery, it’s just a term we use. World Music or global music, is music from all over the planet, right? Well, you would be correct, except it usually doesn’t include any music that would fit on a regular Top 40 pop chart.The term “World Music” was coined by an e_______________ named Robert Brown. He developed college
programs of study about World Music, and organized a concert series with visiting performers from Africa and
Asia. In 1982, France initiated World Music Day (“Fête de la Musique”) which would continue on June 21st of
every year to the present day. But it didn’t really take off until June 29, 1987, when a group of _________
________ ___________ got together. They were meeting because they were trying to deal with the unexpected
surge in non-English language recordings. These label execs were having a difficult time finding rack space in
their stores for new releases from Latin American, Asian, African, and other international artists. They needed
to develop a catchy generic, “umbrella” name for this music, and launch a marketing campaign. With a show
African vocal group, Ladysmith Black Mambaso
of hands, World Music was officially born as a genre, and
October 1987 was designated “World Music Month!”
Paul Simon had released the album G__________ in
1986 which was a huge success and featured artists
from southern Africa, including L________ B_____
M___________. Partly as a result of this success and the
work of Peter Gabriel and Johnny Clegg among others,
more and more world artists were venturing into the
spotlight of the music business. Support for the best performers came from their labels, the new “World Music”
distribution category, DJs providing airplay, compilation cassettes, festival organizations like ________ (W_____
of M_____, A____, and D______, founded by Peter Gabriel), and fans from their native countries and the world
stage.
What exactly is World Music, then? Well, to most people, it’s just plain music---that is, the familiar, everyday
music that they hear in their neighborhoods and places like local restaurants. The term World Music covers an
amazing variety of sounds and styles. Some of it is “________” music that incorporates sounds of traditional
instruments, and some is more “_____________”. Some may also incorporate scales that are non-Western,
using unusual tunings. Some World Music is simply V_______ music, some solely I_______________.
Other types of World Music have a cutting-edge “pop” sound, sometimes using contemporary instruments such
as keyboards and guitars. A famous African world musician,Youssou N’Dour once said that “instruments don’t
have a nationality, only musicians...” Because some instruments are traditional in certain cultures, when
they are used in combination with modern instruments in contemporary genres, the style is considered to be
“_________.” It is this crossover music that has become especially popular in England and America. Some of
the labels refer to this influence of Latin, African, Celtic, hip hop, pop, jazz, and reggae, among many other
beats and styles as “World Beat,” and they display the music separately from World Music.
© 2011 Fun Music Company
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Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 1
1 What is World Music?
Clues1 The famous album that Ladysmith Black Mambazo sang with Paul Simon.2 A worldwide festival organization3 Around the world4 World music is sometimes called traditional or _________ music.5 One type of event that helps to promote World Music6 Music that uses combinations of traditional and modern instruments and styles7 The founder of World of Music, Arts, and Dance8 A group that worked with Paul Simon on Graceland9 An artist who helped to promote World Music10 A type or style of music
12
World Music Puzzler Unscramble each of the clue words.Copy the letters in the numbered cells to other cells with the same number.
1 LEGCAANRD
2 MOWDA
3 LOBGAL
4 HITCEN
5 SITSEAFVL
6 CEROSOSROV
7 REPTE GEBAILR
8 SAUAVK
9 NYNHOJ GCLEG
10 NRGEE
5 6
14
2 15
17 8
10 13
9
16 7
3 1
4
11
What do you call someone who makes a career of studying music from other cultures?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
© 2011 Fun Music Company
Fact Sheet2 African Music
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 2
Have you ever seen the movie or the musical called “The Lion King”?African Music had a significant impact on the creation of the film and Musical “The Lion King” which is a blend of traditional African tribal music together with Western modern culture. Songs such as “The Circle Of Life” and “He lives in You” are a mixture of the South Africian Zulu language with English lyrics.
Africa is the _________ largest, and the second most populated continent on
our planet. It has a population of over ___________, contains ____ countries,
is home to the world’s largest ______________ and more than __________
languages are spoken throughout the whole continent. To give you an idea about
how important music and dance are in Africa, most languages there don’t even
have separate words for music or dance. The arts are part of the way all people
express themselves every day .
Music and Culture in Africa has been passed down from generation to
generation. Playing drums made from ____________________________ (now
known as drum language or drum talk ) was a language that was used to
communicate with each other over long distances. So there is no suprise that
language and music generally have very close connections in many African
cultures.
Today, Drum Talk may be used as part of ceremonies which include dance and
story telling and use drums such as ______ _______ for these purposes.
Besides using the voice, African musical instruments include a wide range
of drums, rattles, double bells as well as melodic instruments like string
instruments, (musical bows, different types of harps and harp-like instruments such
as the _______ as well as fiddles), many types of xylophone and lamellophone like the
_____________ (also known as the thumb piano), and different types of wind instruments
like flutes and trumpets.
Drums used in African traditional music
include __________ _______s and
___________ in West Africa, W_______ Drums
in Central and West Africa, and different types
of N________ Drums (or engoma) in Central
and Southern Africa, and the ____________
(two small maracas).
There are also lots of other types of drums, flutes, stringed instruments,
and wind instruments used throughout the whole of Africa. Infact, many
modern instruments, such as flute, double reed, trumpet-type horns, stringed
instruments and percussion of all kinds can trace their roots back to Africa.
© 2011 Fun Music Company
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Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 2
2 African Music
Clues ACROSS3 Another name for ngoma drums4 A _________ drum is played with a crook shaped stick6 African name for a thumb piano7 ______ gong can also be called a log drum.10 Africa is home to the worlds largest _________11 The most well-known West African drum DOWN1 Family of instruments2 ______ drums come from Central and Southern Africa5 Harp like instrument8 There are over ________ different languages spoken in Africa9 Woodwind instrument with roots in Africa
Crossword
1 2
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11
© 2011 Fun Music Company
Fact Sheet3 Indonesian Gamelan
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 3
Indonesia has a long and rich history of music which can be traced back to the third century. It is a mix of
Indian, Arabian and Asian styles and uses many different types of instruments which gives it its unique sound
which can be very foreign sounding to Western ears. Because the nation is made up of over 17,000 islands,
there are _________ of different styles of music, but the most important and popular World Music style to
come out of Indonesia is called G_________. There are several styles which come from different Indonesian
Islands, but the most common styles are from J____ and it’s neighboring island of B___.
In indonesian, the word gamelan means ‘to ___ or _______’ and is an ensemble of approximately fifteen
mostly metallic percussion instruments with gong or “bell”
like sounds. It is an integral part of any important Indonesian
ritual or ceremony such as weddings, birthdays and funerals,
meditation, cleansing rituals and social community events. It
is also the music which accompanies the traditional form of
puppet theatre in Indonesia called W_____________.
The instruments of the gamelan are built and tuned to a specific scale and each gamelan set only plays in ____
scale. Each gamelan has an individual and authentic sound to it and is tuned to either a five note scale called
_________ or a seven note scale called a ________.
In the middle of the ensemble are the main melody instruments which are called the ___________. This section
of the ensemble includes bronze metallphones called ______ and ___________.
The balungan(main melody) is punctuated by the larger gongs called the ________ _______ and ________
The horizontally-mounted gongs are called the kenong, kethuk and kempyang at the back of the gamelan.
The front section of the ensemble embellish the main melody and includes instruments such as the _______ (a
collection of small gongs mounted on a frame), and ____________ (multi octave metallophone).
The whole gamelan is co-ordinated by the drummer in the centre of the ensemble, playing a selection of
______________ (double-headed drums).
Gamelan music is often ___________ or _________ in nature which means the same rhythms and melodies are
often used over again and again and are indicated by the strikes of the gong. Some people believe that the
Gamelan can lead the mind into a deep trance and help with meditation.
When the famous composer Claude D_________ first heard Gamelan music at a world fair in 1889, he spent
hours listening to it, transcribing melodies and examining the instruments and their tunings. After he heard this
style of music, he used a whole tone scale for the first time and used this idea in his own compositions from
this time on.
© 2011 Fun Music Company
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Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 3
ACROSS6 A large gong7 Indonesian word for the melody instruments in the Gamelan8 A famous composer influenced by the Gamelan9 Indonesian word for a xylophone11 Indonesian word for a traditional form of puppet theatre DOWN1 Each set of gamelan plays only one ________2 A bamboo flute in Indonesian3 The most popular form of traditional music from Indonesia4 An island in Indonesia, and famous tourist destination5 A type of stringed fiddle6 An Indonesian word for double-headed drums10 A collection of small gongs mounted on a frame
Draw a line between the picture of each of the instruments of the gamelan on the left and its name to the right:
3 Indonesian Gamelan
Crossword
Kempul
Saron
Slenthem
Kenong
Kendhang
A W K C J P X U O O R J E A KK N H E W O K W R L A C I D RR B G J C E G E T V Y S T V ON A Z K L A H N A L E M A G NI L T E L T K R U N L H S Z CL I L I I U F N O F L U T E OO E R Z U K N D E Y T I J S NI P K J K G N G P N Z Y Y W GV E V G G I G K M U R D P K IX Y L O P H O N E N J B C N QP R I V Q Y S M G J U D I K BP R S H O X Y C Q N H A N C FQ R S J P W Y H Y S O K K I MJ X B A T B Y N E A M G W M K
ANGKLUNG JAVABALI KECAKDRUM
KRONCONGFLUTE UKELELEGAMELAN VIOLIN
GONG XYLOPHONEGUITAR ZITHER
Find a WordMatching
1
2
6
3
7
4
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5
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11
© 2011 Fun Music Company
Fact Sheet4 Chinese Music
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 4
China is huge and ancient. It is the ________ biggest country in the world and is approximately nine million kilometers in size. Its civilization is at least 4,000 years old. Just like it would take more than a lifetime to explore every nook and cranny of China’s cities and countryside, it would take an eternity to hear every musical piece and style from its rich culture.
There are over 100 musical instruments from China. Here are some examples:
____________ a woodwind folk instrument originally from the north of China. Similar to
an ________, it has a double reed and a long body. At the end is a large bell opening, just
like that of a trumpet.
____________ This is a folk instrument that originated in eastern China at least 1000
years ago, and is a bowed instrument with two strings. It is also referred to as the
“_________ _________” or “fiddle”. Unlike a violin however, the musician holds the base
of the instrument up on her thigh.
___________ (called “luo” in Chinese) – These originated in the
southern part of China, an area that traditionally combined folk musical
instruments with dance. For example, the dragon dance, accompanied
by these instruments along with drums and cymbals came from this part
of the country. At least 30 types of them have been developed in China.
______________ This is a classical instrument at
least 3,000 years old. It is a seven string instrument
that is plucked as it lies across the player’s lap.
__________ is referred to as the “Chinese _____”. This classical instrument is 2,000
years old and was also originally played by the elite and educated. The wooden body of
the instrument is pear-shaped, has four strings and anywhere from 12 to 26 frets. The
player holds it diagonally across his torso as he plucks the strings.
In the 1920s, the genre of Shidaiqu arose. It was a fusion of jazz from the West and
folk music from China. Shidaiqu was considered the most popular style of music in the
country from the 20s until the end of the 40s.
_____ ___________ became the leader of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. During his reign Popular music
was _____________. It, along with folk music, was denounced and replaced with revolutionary songs that were
often played with large-scale orchestras. Since Mao’s death in 1979, pop, rap, rock, metal and other forms of
modern music have slowly evolved and traditional music has been revived.
© 2011 Fun Music Company
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Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 4
Chinese CharactersTry writing the names of each instrument in Chinese characters three times. (The name in English alphabet letters is written in pinyin to demonstrate how the characters are pronounced).
Erhu
________ ________ ________
Sheng
________ ________ ________
Guqin
________ ________ ________
Pipa
________ ________ ________
Chinese ProverbFill in the missing letters to read the complete Chinese proverb. Use the clues that include cardinal directions to determine some letters and guess the most probable for the other gaps. North means going up a column and south means going down. East means going right along a row and west means going left.
4 Chinese Music
T S E W H H AO T H E M S IH N T E
D A E R A
C south of A and west of a black square N east of A and north of nothing
K east of N and north of E E north of I
T west of H and north of D O north of T and west of S
M west of A and south of E U east of M and west of S
H east of T and north of O S south of T and west of a black square
D south of black square, west of black square, north of nothing
© 2011 Fun Music Company
Fact Sheet5 Indian Music
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 5
When you think of India, usually the Taj Mahal, women with red dots on their foreheads and really spicy food come to mind. But one of the most distinctive characteristics of India is its music. Indian music has been a cultural icon for centuries, from as early as the dark ages and remains so to this day.
During the _______ ________ which began in 1526, the continent of India was ruled by kings and monarchy. The
tradition of playing music in courtyards to entertain royalty became very popular. Indian music tends to go on
for a ______ ________, so while the royal families would sit for hours eating and relaxing, the music would play
on. Since then, the basic sound of traditional Indian music has not changed.
Some of the key instruments used in Indian music include:
The S_________. This is the most famous Indian instrument known to western countries.
The instrument is made of hollow wood with a long neck. There are in total between __
and __ strings, but only __ or __
are playable, as the others are below the frets. The others vibrate when the instrument
is played to give it a distinctive sound.
Unlike the guitar which has only one, there are ___ bridges on the instrument, creating
two sets of tones simultaneously giving it a unique and interesting sound.To play it, you
sit cross-legged on the floor, overlap your right leg and support the instrument as you
play it. Learning this instrument can be pretty challenging since traditional sheet
music is not used.
The T______ are a pair of hand drums with contrasting sizes and timbres and
made of wood, metal or leather. The player tunes the tabla to _____________ by
tightening the straps with cylindrical wooden blocks.
The B_________ is a hollow bamboo flute with six finger holes and one blow hole. Controlling your breath is
the way to master playing this instrument, it’s almost like imitating your voice through your breath.
The S___________ is a double-reed instrument which has a sound very similar to an oboe, but with a much
higher pitch. It is made of wood with a metal flared bell on the end.
Indian people use a system called a R________ to play their music. Each one has a name and usually a special
time of the day or of the season when it is best played, depending on the mood it projects.
Indian music and culture has influenced many Rock and contemporary artists, who incorporated elements of
Indian music in their songs. One such band is the ___________ who were the first big pop group to use it. Indian
music is highlighted in their songs like “L___ Y__ T_” (1966) and “W______ Y__, W_____ Y__” (1967).
© 2011 Fun Music Company
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Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 5
5 Indian Music
Unscramble the names of these Indian instruments, then draw a line to match the names to their pictures below:
BATAL TASIRSABNIRUNAHSHEI
2 Indian hand drums4 Guitar like instrument with 21 to 23 strings5 Time when India was ruled by kings and monarchy6 A famous Indian building7 A band who incorporated the sitar in some songs9 Famous Indian sitar player10 Double reed instrument with flared bell
DOWN1 Bamboo flute used in Indian music3 Famous Indian tabla player8 System of playing Indian music
Crossword
Name matching
1
2 3
4
5
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7
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9
10
© 2011 Fun Music Company
Fact Sheet6 Irish Music
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 6
For many people Irish music was a relatively unknown type of music until 1981 when a musical called “Riverdance” became a phenomenon and brought new light to the style.
What makes Irish music so unique? The old world style instruments that are quick-paced and move so fast you can barely tell if there are two or ten playing.
Here are the instruments most commonly used by Irish musicians:
____________ Traditional, hand-held keyboard instrument that is played with the pressure of pushing keys while squeezing the bellows.
____________ This five, and sometimes four or six-string instrument has the signature flat, drum-like back and long neck, and is played using a pick and in a fast plucking style.
_________________ Until the 1960s, this was uniquely a Greek instrument. However, when a newer version was developed with a flat back and wider body, a design that was unique to Irish music was born. Its strings are played in a fast motion but in the same way as a guitar or mandolin.
______________ This open, framed drum can be anywhere from 10” to 26” in diameter and is held vertically in the players lap. Its surface is made of goatskin, which needs to be tuned as the weather changes. The player keeps her hand inside the back of it to control the drum’s pitch.
____________ A smaller version of the violin, this is an instrument commonly used in Irish and European music. Usually played very fast, it requires intense concentration and coordination.
____________ Most Irish music includes this instrument, usually a smaller version that sits on the knee. Their frames are made of ash, cherry, mahogany, maple or walnut wood. Traditional ones used strings
made of wires, which created a signature bell sound. Modern instriuments usually use nylon or gut strings. Gut strings are made of the natural fibers that come from animal intestines.
________________ Much like the Scottish instrument, the irish version uses bellows to pump air into the bag and has several more enhancements. The canter, a simple flute-like extension that has keys played by the musician; several drones which are pipes designed to output continuous low tones; and regulators – extra pipes that can play chords.
___________ are heard in almost all Irish tunes, but usually the old-style flute made of a single piece of wood with some holes is the preferred kind.
____ ____________ are a very simple version of flutes and are made with a single tin pipe with six holes and a mouthpiece. The sound they make is a lot rougher than the sound made by a flute.
The acoustic _________ can be heard in a lot of Irish music but usually in the background filling out the chords with fast strumming patterns.
© 2011 Fun Music Company
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Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 6
6 Irish Music
Irish Music Crossword ACROSS
2 The instrument with 6 strings used mainly to fill in the background and chords
5 What part of the animal does a gut string come from?
7 Music group ‘The Corrs’ are all related to each other.. how? they are __________
9 Most irish b________ have specific meaning behind them
12 Players place their hand inside the drum to control its __________
13 From the name of an instrument, this word means ‘elbow’ in Irish Gaelic
15 The name of the extra pipes that play chords on a uillean pipe
16 Traditional Irish song: God Save ___________
17 Irish music gained mainstream popularity after this performance
18 The fiddle is played in many ___________ countries
DOWN
1 Bouzouki’s strings are played like a guitar or a _________
3 The harp version used in Irish tunes is played by resting on the _________
4 A smaller version of an accordion
6 The main difference between a fiddle and a violin is that the fiddle is _________
8 Before it was adapted, it was Greek
9 This instrument has a flat, drum like back and a long neck.
10 What nickname can be given to the Accordion?
11 The part of the body that primarily moves during traditional Irish dance
14 The bodhrán’s surface is made of this 1
2
3 4
5 6 7
8 9 10
11 12
13
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© 2011 Fun Music Company
Fact Sheet7 Turkish Music
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 7
When you look at Turkey on a world map, it looks like a bridge holding the Eastern and Western countries together. This is certainly reflected in its music today. Turkey’s music is a real mix of Western and Eastern culture and its roots come from very rich traditions which have spanned back for over three thousand years.
Some of the traditional stringed instruments in Turkey include the
____________ (played like a guitar), which can be called ____. While it
might look like a guitar its sound and method of playing is very different, as it
has a completely different tuning scale to that used in Western music.
Bowed Instruments from Turkey include the
______________. This is a small violin like
instrument, that is played in an upright position like a
cello. If sitting it is played resting on the knee, and if
standing it is held infront of the player, like a clarinet.
Wind instruments include ________, which is an end blown flute that is featured
prominently in a lot of Middle Eastern music. Made from cane or reed, it is one of
the oldest musicial instruments still in use, dating back 4000-5000 years.
Another common wind instrument is ________, which is similar to an oboe.
Percussion instruments in include
the _________ (bass drum),
_________ (a goblet shaped drum), ____(tambourine)
and ________(wooden spoons).
Most Turkish music uses a rhythm structure known as _________. This is what westerners would refer to as “complex
time signatures” such as 5/8, 7/8 and 9/8. Most western and modern pop/rock is in standard time signatures such as
4/4, so at first Turkish music may seem difficult, but once the ear is used to it the rhythm is felt as easily as 4/4 time.
Turkish music is built on scale like structures called a ___________. These are types of scales which produce
different desired effects such as cheerfulness, power, sensitivity and honesty to the music. It is believed that music in
Turkey has healing powers.
Great Classical composers such as Haydn and Mozart were fascinated with Turkish music back in the eighteenth century.
Haydn wrote his “Military Symphony” to include Turkish instruments and Mozart played tribute to Turkish music in his
Sonata in A major with his famous “Ronda Alla Turca”. In the 1960s the jazz musician Dave Brubeck wrote his “Blue
Rondo á la Turk” as a tribute to Mozart and Turkish music. Turkish influence introduced the cymbals, bass drum and
bells into the symphony orchestra, where they still remain.
© 2011 Fun Music Company
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Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 7
7 Turkish Music
Featured Words TURKEY 12 11 18 19 20 27
BAGLAMA _______________________
KEMENCHE ______________________
ZURNA _________________________
KAVAL __________________________
SIPSI ___________________________
MEY ___________________________
AKASK _________________________
NAGARA _______________________
TEF___________________________
KASIK _________________________
DAVUL ________________________
2 Wandering Turkish InstrumentsFind the names of the Turkish instruments in this letter grid. When moving from letter to letter, you may move in any direction (even diagonally), but the squares must be touching and you may not use a letter more than once in a single word. Write the list of numbers for each word to show the path you took.
1 2
10
3 4 5
20
30
40
49
6 7
8 9 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29 31 32 33 34 35
36 37 38 39 41 42
43 44 45 46 47 48
Z U V A D S A
L R N U T K K
A V A R K E A
K E A B A Y M
A M E K G L A
S I S N F A N
K P I C H E T
1 Find Turkey Look up Turkey in an atlas and colour the location of turkey on this map
© 2011 Fun Music Company
Fact Sheet8 European Folk Music
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 8 - page 1
______ music is the traditional style of song of the common people. It is not the music of
Emperors or Kings and Queens, but it is the music of the average ”Joe”. At some point in the song’s history, it may
have been sung or played at weddings or other occasions, to children, among workers doing manual labour or on ship
journeys. Usually the original composers of these tunes are not known and the song has been passed down through
many generations, and are symbolic of a people’s ____________.
Europe is made up of a slew of countries and ethnicities. Within each culture
lies an array of musical folklore, so just imagine that you’re taking a tour of
Europe as you read about these main cultures and countries outlined.
When you hear the term ___________ music, you may already know that these refer to the folk songs of Ireland
and Scotland. But this musical style is actually a lot bigger than just those two countries. It also extends to Wales,
Cornwall (in southwest England), the Isle of Man, Brittany (in northwest France) and Galicia (in northwest Spain).
Although each region has its own distinctive style, instruments such as the b_________, the wooden f______, the
f_______, the t__ w_______ and the p_______ a___________ are all common instruments in this style.
Now let’s travel to an area that crosses the France-Spain border. One unique tradition of B________ music is called
“bertsolaritza”, where singers make up words on the spot to folk tunes.
We continue our journey eastward, to the Alps. In the mountainous region of Germany, Switzerland, Austria and
northern Italy exists A_______ folk music. Folk music in this region is characterized by a style of singing called
y____________ and instruments such as the a__________, h___________, strings and the ____________, which is a six-
metre long wooden horn.
Now we voyage to the southeast of Europe to the region of Romania, Slovenia, Croatia, Bulgaria, Serbia, Bosnia &
Herzegovina, Montenegro, Macedonia, Albania, and Greece. These countries share a B__________ Folk Music tradition
where Turkey and Hungary are also sometimes included. The folk style is a fusion of Middle Eastern, Eastern European
and Gypsy music.
Resuming our trip to the eastern-most portion of Europe, we explore countries such as Georgia, Azerbaijan, Ukraine,
Moldavia, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. This is refered to as ________ European Folk Music and also tends to
include Hungary, Turkey and sometimes the Balkan region.
Finally let’s travel north to Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Norway and Iceland and experience _________
Folk Music. Here you’ll find a style of dancing called the “polska” (not to be confused with polka) and “circle”
folk dances.
© 2011 Fun Music Company
Fact Sheet8 European Folk Music
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 8 - page 2
Here are some common Instrument families that commonly occur in European folk music:
_______________are multi-stringed instruments that usually lie across the musician’s
lap. They are played as part of Slovenian, Austrian, Hungarian, Croatian, Estonian,
Hungarian, southern German and Austrian folk music. In some of these countries the
dulcimer, a three or four-stringed zither, is played.
Most European folk music incorporates other stringed instruments such as the v________
or f________.
________ are stringed instruments with necks and pear-shaped bodies.
Musicians play lutes through plucking the strings. A long-necked lute
called a bouzouki is played in Greece and Ireland; in Albania it is called a
buzuk. Another long-necked lute called the tamburica is played in Austria
and Croatia. In Bosnia and Serbia, another long-neck called sargija is
played and a higher-pitched lute called the mandolin is played in Spain,
Italy, Lithuania and other countries.
__________ are a major component of Celtic music in Brittany, Cornwall, Ireland and Scotland and also in Austria
and Norway. Other folk stringed instruments include the _________ in Holland, Spain, Portugal, Lithuania and other
countries; the ______-_________ in Brittany, Sweden and Hungary, which is an instrument played by cranking a rosined
wheel against the strings; the _____________, a one-stringed instrument played in Bosnia, Montenegro, Croatia and
Serbia; and many, many…many more.
______________ are not just a part of Celtic folk music. Different shapes and sounds characterize them all around
Europe. The “gaida” form is played in Bulgaria, the “doedelzak” in Holland, the Northumbrian smallpipe in England,
the “dankiyo” in Greece, the koziol in Poland, the “sackpipa” in Sweden and the “bodega” in France. They are also
played as part of Hungarian, Bosnian, Czech and Estonian folk music.
W______________ abound in European folk music. The c____________ is especially
important in Balkan, Basque and Gypsy music. A variety of f_________ are played across
the continent, from the koncovka in Slovakia, a wooden flute without finger holes, to the
three-holed pipe, called the xirula, played in the Basque region.
Accordions are played as part of northern, southern, eastern and western European folk
music. Also a diatonic button accordion called a trikitixa is played in the Basque region.
Concerntinas are smaller instruments which are similar to accordions and are also used in
European Folk Music.
© 2011 Fun Music Company
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Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 8
8 European Folk Music
EXAMPLE: Folk music of Ireland, Scotland, Wales and Brittany.
C E L T I C- ; 7 a M -
A six-metre long wooden horn played in the Alps.
7 � G � A �
The traditional songs of the com-mon people are called ______ songs.
6 � 7 %
An area that crosses the France-spain border
� 0 H K ;
A long-necked lute played in Albania.
� K C K %
Crack the CodeCrack the code by first solving clues based on what you learned in the fact sheet. Once you start determining the letters that match the symbols, you can solve harder clues.
A stringed instrument played lying across the musicians lap
C M a G ; A
A type of stringed instrument
7 K a ;
This woodwind instrument appears a lot in European folk music
- 7 A M � ; a
Another name for a violin
6 M � � 7 ;
A one-stringed instrument played in Bosnia:
F K 0 7 ;
,
A � � M � G � � � , 0 � ; 7 M F G a
What is the name of a traditional English folk ballad?
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Fact Sheet9 Spanish Music
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 9
When you think of Spanish music, you usually think of guitars, a great looking man and woman dancing in a fiery way with lots of clapping. But there is a lot more to Spanish music than guitar strings strumming and fast-paced dance. Since Spanish is the language of Latin American countries, this music genre goes beyond just the borders of Spain.
_______________ Originating in Southern Spain, this is the
most widely recognized form of Spanish music (and dance)
in the world. With three forms, ____________(the song),
____________ (the dance) and ________________(guitar
playing), the many forms of this traditional Spanish art
vary according to region. As many as eighty styles exist,
with the most prevalent aspects being the signature
rhythmic _____ __________, _______ _____________ and
arm movements while using __________________.
T_________ - Another famous spanish dance style, this is the most complex of all Spanish
music genres. The music features key instruments: violin, piano, double bass, clarinet
and flute. With its dancing it is a very dramatic style of music.
T__________ – The lightest and most whimsical of Spanish music types with its classic
accordion and festive beat, it is prevalent in Mexico. Lately the music has been infused
with synthesizers to modernize the sound.
Z______________ – A very unique form of operetta, this is a combination of music
(singing) and dialogue presented in what is usually a one-act theatre setting.
B_______ N____ – A gentle style of music that is usually without percussion, originating
from Brazil.
Typically the instruments used in this form of Spanish music are piano and guitar.
L______ J_____ – A Caribbean style of music that features African rhythms with conga
drums but no heavy bass beat. This music is almost nothing like American jazz, which is
often driven by bass lines.
S_______ – Prevalent largely in Cuba and also Puerto Rico, it is a popular complement to
dance music and highlights African rhythms with Spanish tempo and influence.
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Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 9
9 Spanish Music
a l e u z r a z a o lf l a m e n c o a d gb b s t n l g b j a na a t r i n b o f n ii t e j a n o s a c pl l n t p o j s c i pe i a i s u l a d n an l t e c a n n z g ln g s a s t a o a z cs a a r e b n v g t ci o c g u i t a r r a
tangotejanozarzuelabossanovalatin jazzsalsaandalusiaflamencospaincantebaileguitarracastanetsclappingdancing
Spanish Music Word Search
Define the Spanish StylesMatch up the name of the style on the left with its description on the right
Tango
Tejano
Salsa
Latin Jazz
Zarzuela
Bossa Nova
Flamenco
A dramatic style of Spanish music featuring a fiery dance style
A light and whimsical Spanish style featuring the accordion
A unique form of Spanish operetta
The most well known form of Spanish music, featuring guitars, castanets & dancing
A gentle style of music that originates from Brazil, and uses piano and guitar
A Caribbean influenced style that features conga drums
A style prevalent in Cuba and Puerto Rico with lots of Spanish influence
© 2011 Fun Music Company
Fact Sheet10 Calypso Music
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 10
The most popular musical style among the West Indies is called ____________. This style of music, which started in this region in 1789, originates from African slaves who were brought on out to the islands in over 200 years ago. Forbidden from speaking to one another, the slaves sang songs to communicate and often used the lyrics to mock their slave masters. Eventually, it evolved as a way to spread news and was considered by the people to be the most reliable news source. To this day, lyrics in this style include gossip, scandal, politics and local news.
Just as songs in this style came from poor and humble beginnings, so did the instruments. The most intriguing and
popular instrument of calypso today is the _______ ______, sometimes more correctly known as the _______ _____.
Between the 1930s and 1945 during the Second World War, money was scarce so biscuit tins, hubcaps and empty oil
drums became a new sort of drum where different sounds could be made on the lid by hammering the surface.
Legend has it the first steel pan drum
was made as a result of a cricket game
on a street which caused a _______ in an
aluminum bin lid.
The dent in the lid was knocked out with a
hammer and it was realized that each blow
of the hammer caused a different sound.
Dents of various shapes and sizes were
continued to be made right around the lid so
before long a scale emerged and tunes could
be played on a garbage can!
Using a garbage can to make these instruments was not suitable at the time because the metal was too
______ and they were hard to find. So as the war came and went, loads of empty ____ __________s were left
throughout the West Indies by the US Forces, plus this region produces oil, so it became easy to get hold of
them. Fifty-five gallon oil drums became the ideal material for making a steel pan.
To make a steel pan, the bottom of the oil drum was pounded out with a sledge hammer which is a process still
refered to as ‘___________’. The notes were then marked out with chalk and with several kinds of smaller
hammers the notes were moulded into the surface of the pan. Today the process remains the same except
sometimes _______ _________ is used instead of a drum to achieve better note accuracy, however the notes
are still often manually crafted. Musicians who play the steel pan play it with very ______ ended mallets as any
extra denting to the “pan” can damage the tuning of the instrument.
Over the years since the beginning of the steel pan, many different types and sizes have evolved. A group of
steel pan musicians playing the various sizes and timbres is called a________ _______. This type of ensemble
has become popular in jazz and pop music fusion since the 1960s.
© 2011 Fun Music Company
fun sheet10 Calypso Music
ACROSS4 A group of musicians playing steel drums5 The more correct name for the steel drum7 The most popular music style of the Caribbean8 Famous musician of Jamacian descent9 One of the most well-known countries of the Caribbean DOWN1 What steel pans are made from2 Another famous musical style which came from the Caribbean3 The island where the steel pan originated4 A melodic instrument made from a 44-gallon drum6 Tool used to sink the bowl of a steel drum
Although there are a variety of tuning systems and layouts used for the steel pan, one very common system used is the cycle of fifths. Use the cycle of fifths to write the names of the rest of the notes in this steel pan layout drawing.
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 10
Steel pan layout
Crossword
C
C
C
C
D
EE
F
F
G
D
G
A bb
##
1 2
3
4
5 6
7
8
9
© 2011 Fun Music Company
Fact Sheet11 Japanese Music
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 11
Music plays an important role in Japanese culture. The Japanese word for music is
_________, which translated means “sound-happiness”.
At least ______ genres of traditional Japanese music exist. The genre is not only defined by the instruments used or
the songs sung, but by the __________ of the instruments or voices involved, or the colour of music. Two voices or
instruments can play the same notes and the same volume but have a different timbre or quality of sound.
Japan also has a rich tradition of folk music. Songs vary depending on whether they are played for a ____________
ceremony (Japan’s oldest religion), a festival, by workers or children. They often incorporate singing with instruments
and dancing.
Examples of traditional Japanese instruments include:
_________ – This is a wooden, stringed zither. It was introduced from China and
is at least 2,000 years old. It has 13 strings, although some models have more. It
is Japan’s official instrument and was played in court music (gagaku), folk music
and continues to be played today.
_______________ – This is one of the most well-known traditional Japanese
instruments. It is a three-stringed instrument with an elongated neck and square
shaped base.
_____________– If you have never seen one of these energetic drum
performances, stop what you’re doing and watch this Japanese art form right
now. The drums are barrel shaped and made of trees at least 200 years old;
the trees are cured for 50 years before being transformed into the percussion
instrument. A performance involves choreography, muscle power and intense
rhythms.
_________________ – This is a bamboo flute. It was played as part of folk songs and by Zen Buddhist
monks. Its uplifting, natural sound continues to be popular all around the world.
Music in Japan often is associated with performance. _____ is a form of musical theatre that originated
in the 14th century. Performers wear ornate masks and are accompanied by taiko and other percussion
and woodwind instruments. A century later, ___________ was created. This is a world-renowned musical
theatre where men play the parts of both male and female characters and wear elaborate costumes and
make-up. Finally, a musical puppet theatre style called ____________ originated in the 19th century. The
puppets and the puppet masters are like none other found in the world.
© 2011 Fun Music Company
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Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 11
11 Japanese Music
KIOAT
_______________
Unscramble & Match
Crossword
Unscramble the following names of Japanese instruments, and then draw a line to their picture.
MESHNISA
_______________
TOOK
_______________
KIHAHUACSH
_______________
ACROSS1 A wooden, stringed zither3 Performers wear these in Japanese musical theatre5 A three-stringed instrument with a square base7 Japanese word for music9 Japanese puppet theatre10 The period when Japanese music styles were first documented11 Japan’s Oldest Religion DOWN1 Japanese musical theatre where men play both male and female roles2 The colour of music or quality of sound4 A form of musical theatre that originated in the 14th century6 A Japanese bamboo flute8 Traditional Japanese drums
1 2
3
4
5 6
7 8
9
10
11
© 2011 Fun Music Company
Fact Sheet12 Cuban Music
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 12
What would happen if you took a little bit of Africa, mixed it with a lot of Spain and spiced it up with bits of European and American folk music styles? The result would be Cuban music.
Some of the most popular forms of World Music comes from Cuba and its surrounding areas, home to many of the
________ _____________ styles which have become so popular in the Western world. In the dance halls of the 1930s and
40s people discovered the infectious rhythms that made this music so popular and ‘danceable’, and that is true today,
with Cuban music forming the basis of many dance forms.
While regular Spanish guitars are used extensively in Cuban music, one interesting instrument found in Cuban music is
the ___________, or Cuban guitar. While this may look like a normal guitar with six strings, it actually has _____ groups
of _____ strings that are tuned together. The major difference between the tres and the guitar is the playing style: you
almost __________ play chords on a Tres. It is played like a ________, playing repeated rhythmic patterns between the
three strings.
One of the most important percussion instruments to be found in cuban music
is the ___________. They are two short and fat sticks, made from rosewood or
other hardwood. One is held in the hand and hit with the other. They are used
to play a simple five-stroke pattern that is the core of many Cuban rhythms.
__________ are another important percussion instrument, which came from Cuban music. There are two drums of
different sizes: the larger being called in Spanish _________ (female) and the smaller _________ (male). Played with
the ____________ the bongos traditionally would be held between the _________.
Other drums associated with Cuban music include the _______ drums and less well known is the ____ drum.
One of the most popular and important styles in Cuban music is _______, which is the foundation for many of the other
styles. It can be said that the Son is to Cuba what the tango is to Spain, and the samba is to Brazil.
Other musical styles which are generally attributed to Cuban origins include c______, r_______, b_______, c__-c__-c__,
m_______ and s_______. Mixing in other musical styles such as hip-hop, jazz and rock is also not uncommon in Cuban
music. Cuba’s musical climate, based in its African and European roots, continues to influence other musical styles
throughout the world today.
© 2011 Fun Music Company
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Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 12
12 Cuban Music
Cuban Word Patch
Fill in the blanks with letters from the scrambled words underneath to find the answers to the given questions:
What are some of the main influences on Cuban music?
A ___ ___ I ___ ___ ___, & ___ U ___ ___ P ___ ___ ___ R E N C N A A O R F E
What are some percussion instruments used in Cuban music?
__ O ___ ___ ___ S, C ___ N ___ A ___,B ___ ___ A, & ___ L ___ V ___ ___. S S E G O O G N T B C A A
What is at the core of most cuban rhythms?
___ I ___ E – S ___ ___ O ___ ___P ___ ___ T ___ ___ ___. N R K T T E E R V A F
Instruments used in traditional ‘son’ music from Cuba:
___ ___ ___ S, ___ O ___ G O S, C ___ ___ V E ___,S ___ A ___ I S ___ G ___ ___ T ___ ___, D ___ U B ___ E B A ___ S, ___ R U ___ P ___ ___, & P ___ ___ N ___. B N L R S A A I T M T O R E P A O L S H U N E I T
© 2011 Fun Music Company
Fact Sheet13 Brazillian Carnival!
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 13
Besides being famous for being “soccer crazy” and winning the world cup soccer championship more than any other
country in the world, Brazil is also famed for its Latin American dances, music and culture that you just can’t help
moving to. With a land area making it the largest country in the southern hemisphere, it is home to over 160 million
people with many different backgrounds, cultures and races and its music culture can best be seen in one yearly event:
the ________________!
If you want to find out about Brazillian music and styles, you can see it all at the Carnival. It is one of the the biggest
annual parties held in the world and is celebrated all over Brazil in towns and cities. The biggest Carnival occurs in
the Brazilian city, ______ ___ __________. It consists of a huge street parade at a specially built stadium called the
_____________ and features dancers, singers, pageant floats and music . It reaches an audience of over 75,000 people
at the live event and a television audience of 100 million.
The _____________ which is the most popular style of music and dance in Brazil is the main dance featured the Rio
Carnival. Traditionally this style of music was played by guitars and stringed instruments called ________________
(a small four -stringed guitar) along with a range of African percussion instruments, but today in the the dancing is
accompanied by a style of samba played prominently in Rio called B______________ which originated from early
Africian migrants and is made up of an ensemble of African percussion instruments. This rhythmic style of percussion
music is effective, loud and makes it easy for drummers to move in the parade.
Today, the Carnival has developed into a fierce competiton between the __________ ___________ of Rio. Each school
which consists of neighbourhood dance schools, locals wanting to participate and actual schools, has a chance to parade
and be judged by a panel of experts on their performance. The winner of the competition is announced on the last day
of the Carnival. Typically each school would consist of approximately________-________ people, ___ different types of
costume and ______ drummers: so this is a very large scale event for each school and each performance has strict rules
they need to adhere to in order to participate. More than a hundred schools of this size partcipate in the Carnival each
year making the whole experience last for nearly a week. It is classed as a public holiday in Brazil.
S_______(bass drum)
C________(type of
snare drum)
R__________(like a snare drum
with no snares)
T_______(small single
headed drums)
A_______(samba whistle)
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Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 13
13 Brazilian Music
ACROSS4 Brazilian Snare Drum8 The city where the largest carnival is held9 Small cylinder with a tight drum skin10 Style of samba playing with lots of percussion11 The annnual festival in Rio12 Carnival started as a __________ festival DOWN1 Groups that compete in the carnival2 Snare drum without snares3 Where the Canival is held in Rio5 Brazilian bass drum6 A samba whistle7 A small four-stringed guitar
Brazilian Carnival Crossword
Brazilian Instrument Match UpDraw a line to match up each instrument with its name:
Surdo Apito Repinique TamborimCiaxas
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 12
1 2
3
4 5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
© 2011 Fun Music Company
Fact Sheet14 Mexican Music
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fact Sheet 14
Mexican music is more complex that most people think. It is much more than the three Mariachi guys standing in a row, wearing those undeniably Mexican uniforms with ruffles.
Located in C_______ America, the single most unmistakable fact is that the region has a lot of influence from the
A_____ Empire, with no exception when it comes to music. Going as far back as the 16th century, there are still
forms of music from that period that are ingrained in Mexican music today. Other major influences include S________
elements mixed with local aspects of music, as well as some A___-C_______ touches too.
There are five basic types of music within the Mexican region, and the most common instruments that are heard in
nearly all forms of Mexican music are plucked _______ instruments, p_________, w________ and then v_____–
in that order.
R________________
A type of music most widely recognized around the world as Mexican music. The songs are thematic in nature and
usually include the topics of nature, love and the love of Mexico.
S_______
Described as “Mexican folk music from the countryside”, son is defined as “sound” and is a very traditional form of
Mexican music and was established in the 18th century. Characterized as usually fast-paced, the style often includes
both bow and plucked string instruments.
M________________
This style features dance from Europe (polka, waltz and
Spanish-influenced fandango) and rhythms from Africa.
Most bands will consist of at least six violins, several
trumpets, a guitar, one “guitarrón” (a six-string acoustic
bass) and a “vihuela” (a five-string guitar).
B________________
Mostly slow songs and ballads, this music is simple and natural in style. Sharing many characteristics of the son
music from the Yucatan Peninsula there is debate as to whether it originates from Cuba as it is widely reported
or if it has a Mexican origin.
C_____________
Used as a means to publicize political and social issues through music and song, the songs are usually ballads
that address anything from war stories, heroes and tragedies of the Mexican revolution to current topics such
as illegal immigration or drug trafficking. Performed solo or at most in small ensembles, these songs are very
common in most regions of Mexico.
© 2011 Fun Music Company
fun sheet14 Mexican Music
S R O W B T N B N L L B M E B C D L I I A I L O OS T A E O A I I W M S S N I P O C A E R R Z T E RH L T N H Y A R G G Z H B B I Y R R V U T H E A OD L A C C M E L O E W B N N M B I C I L E O T D OS L I D R H M O R A S P N B A P E P A M R I I O ER L P D S M E N I D N I A R M V C W A A U R O O UR S E R P O C R N S O L O E O L I T R G R T S A ZB L V N O A N I A O S C C L I E I M C O I E S B NO A E T R I W E M R S E I L V C O W C L N L M O CR B C O H D A B C M T R R E M O Y M A P L A Z D IO V W E O P M N A Z T I R U R U R R L T R E A R MP R T O N K N L A D C I S C E A N S A I R S E I ET R W I I T M A M K W I I I E A N I A C O M E T FM U R O R U R I K S C I Z E C I T C M M B E O A TN E O E R N R A S L U N E W L A H I B S A I N A IO N L L M O D A L O O T A O K I A R C I A D A L BR W R C M O B S C A A P I T Y C E R I E A B R A CE C L D F E T M S D M V S D U R A H R N T R L I RM C R D L E O C C I N E S N O R Z N G A R H M I CO A A B P R A T A O A S R T L H E O C O L A N D OA C U M E H T M O T T C H I I E L M R A H E L L RR O U L Z N M A M R R A N L C O D M I S E T L R ID R O L D L S T O O E T E O U A B E V M O E F A AT B A S T R Z L E I E R S E A C E O D S O A H A AO E M T C T I L A U R E B F W T B R M E U L C A C
Mariachi
Ranchera
Son
Bolero
Corrido
Woodwinds
Violin
Trumpet
Guitar
Polka
Waltz
Fandango
Central America
Aztec Empire
Cymbals
Mariachi
Ranchera
Son
Bolero
Corrido
Draw a line to match the style of Mexican music with its description on the right:
Uses large bands with violins and trumpets
Includes music in a polka or waltz style
Slow songs or ballads
Ballads that have a message in their lyrics
Name is defined as “sound”
Mexican Music Word-find
Mexican Music Style Match
Printable Music Lesson Plans - World Music - Fun Sheet 14
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