strategies for sustainable managemnet of degraded coastal land and water for enhancing livelihood...

Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya,Mohanpur, Nadia, 741252

West Bengal, India

Biswapati Mandal and

Pabitra Kr. Mani

Sustainable enhancement of the productivity of degraded land and water resources of the coastal region through integrated approaches.

Enhancement of livelihood security and employment generation for the poor farming communities of the coastal region.

Empowerment through capacity building and skill development of stakeholders including man and women farmers.

Enhancing productivity of degraded land and water resources through integrated approaches

ActivitiesTarget Achievement

Baseline survey 3 vills. 3 vills.

Monitoring soil / water quality 150 sample 225 sample

Land shaping 9 ha 8.75 ha

Paddy-cum fish 6 ha 5.68 haDiversification of crops 29 ha 33.5 haCrop Nutrient Management 25 ha 28 haVermi-compost 16 Units 16 unitsLive stock Health Management 120 farmers 120 farmers

Activities Target Total

Farmers’ training 14 14

Rural Technology Center 1 -

Empowerment through capacity building and skill development of farmers

I. Simple methods of vermi-compost preparation and its utility in coastal areas (216 farmers). (3 times)

II. Crop diversification and its management in coastal sunderbans (141 farmers). (3 times)

III. Vegetables production in coastal ecosystem (128 farmers). (2 times)IV. On field training of composting and vermi-composting (95 farmers). (2 times)V. Training on livestock health management (178 farmers) (2 times)VI.Training on easy techniques for fish cultivation in paddy cum fish culture (163

Farmers) (2 times)

Crop Area (ha)

Household involved

Net income (Rs.)/ household

Employment generation/ household

Before intervention

After intervention

Before intervention

After intervention

Kharif rice 12.0 135.0 1064.0 1283.0 32.0 41.0

Winter veg. 13.0 112.0 1565.0 3180.0 45.0 56.0

Summer veg. (pre-

kharif)5.0 62.0 1467.0 2872.5 28.0 32.0

Kharif veg. 3.5 32.0 1237.5 2475.5 22.0 30.0

Total 33.5 341.0 5333.5 9811.0 127.0 159.0

Crop Diversification Programme

Success StoryLocation : Korakati, Sandeshkhali Block- II, 24 Parganas(N)Implementing Centre : Bidhan Chandra Krishi ViswavidyalayaName of the farmer : Amal Mondal

Crop

Before Project After Project

Area(bigha)

Total input(Rs.)

Total output

(q)

Gross return(Rs.)

Net return(Rs.)

Area(bigha)

Total input(Rs.)

Total output

(q)

Gross return(Rs.)

Net return(Rs.)

Kharif Rice

1.0 1050 3.4 5100 4050 - - - - -

Kharif Vegetables

- - - - - 0.7 1675 3.3 5940 4265

Winter vegetables

- - - - - 0.7 1220 4.25 6375 5155

Fish - - - - - 0.2 1200 0.4 10000 8800Trees - - - - - 0.1 - - - -Total 1.0 1050 3.4 5100 4050 - 4095 7.95 22315 18220

Produced winter vegetables Fish from the pond ready to market

Adopted Vermicomposting technology Poultry farming

PublicationFolders (3) i) Simple methods of vermi-compost

preparation and its utility in coastal areas;

ii) Livestock health management;

iii)Easy techniques for fish cultivation

Booklets (2)i) Crop diversification and its management in

coastal sunderbans; and

ii) Vegetable cultivation in coastal saline areas;

Leaflet (1) i) Vegetables production in coastal

ecosystem

Aspects

Environmental Social

Positive benefitsNegative effects

Efforts to minimize negative effects

Positive benefitsNegative effects

Efforts to minimize negative effects

Land shaping & pond Excavation,

Paddy-cum fish cultivation,

Integrated nutrient management ,

promotion of green manure, FYM,Vermicompost etc,

Multiple training programme

Harvest fresh rain water

Reduced soil erosion

Reduced soil degradation i.e. soil and salinity, acidity

Restore soil health

Improve water quality

Developed multi cropping system

Promote forestry

Net cultivated area is reducing

Proper land use planning should be developed

Build up skill & knowledge about methods of scientific crop cultivation

Generate higher income level

Improved living standard

Enhanced livelihood security,

Build up capacity

E&S framework developed and implemented?

Parameter Without Intervention (Baseline value)

With Intervention (increased / decreased with value or no-change)

a) Name of the intervention introduction of rice based cropping system through medium land created by land shaping, water harvesting

through pond excavation. Farmer name: Bimal Mridha, village- Tushkhali, Sandeshkhali-II. Without intervention: cross checked with same intervention,without land shaping in low land in the adjacent field. Farmer name:

Ranjit Mridha, village- Tushkhali, Sandeshkhali-IIParameter: Without land shaping With land shapingSoil Salinity 1.49 dS/m 0.75 dS/mSoil pH 7.87 7.40Water salinity 2.75 dS/m

( existing adjacent older pond1.14 dS/m

(Excavated pond with fresh rain water)

Water pH 7.98 7.73Soil Organic carbon 4.5 g/kg 9.3 g/kgSoil Organic matter 0.77% 1.5%Nitrogen (kg/ha) 55 154Phosphorus (kg/ha) 34.5 47.4Potash (kg/ha) 465.3 580.8Fe (mg/kg) 48.74 40.64Mn (mg/kg) 9.7 13.46Zn (mg/kg) 0.764 1.308Cu (mg/kg) 4.6 7.1S (mg/kg) 106.2 140.2Drainage Very poor Good

•Socio-economic Baseline Survey, PRA etc and Monitoring of initial soil /water quality (150 soil and water samples covering 3 villages and analysed soil

Slightly acidicto

moderatelyacidic

Mediumsalinity

O.C statusMedium-high

Sulphur:

High

Iron status:High

Mn status:High

Zn status:Low to Medium

Fig. 1: Correlation between EC and Organic Carbon of soils collected from 3 villages

Organic carbon content of soil decreased by increasing salinity (r = -0.59) in soils of 3 villages

EC and TDS of Surface and Ground water collected from 3 villages of Sandeshkhali block-II

Pie diagram on distribution and classification of surface water (pond water) under different villages at Sandeshkhali block-II

Linkages with NGOs (YDC, Atapur Youngs’ Corner

Club)Linkages with local Panchayets, local governments (BDO) and variousline departments i.e. Agriculture,

Fishery, andVeterinary.

NBSSLUP, KolkataNABARD

Linkages with other Institutions

Aspects

Environmental Social

Positive benefitsNegative effects

Efforts to minimize negative effects

Positive benefitsNegative effects

Efforts to minimize negative effects

Land shaping & pond Excavation, Paddy-cum fish cultivation, Integrated nutrient management , promotion of green manure, FYM, Vermicompost etc,

Multiple training programme

Harvest fresh rain water

Reduced soil erosion

Reduced soil degradation i.e. soil and salinity, acidity

Restore soil healthImprove water

qualityDeveloped multi

cropping systemPromote forestry

Net cultivated area is reducing

Proper land use planning should be developed

Build up skill & knowledge about methods of scientific crop cultivation

Generate higher income level

Improved living standard

Enhanced livelihood security,

Build up capacity

E&S framework developed and implemented?

Environmental framework developed and implemented

Positive benefits Negative effects Mitigation measures

Reduction of land for crop cultivation due to land shaping

Harvested rain water helped alternate use of land for pisciculture and brought additional area under cultivation and improve quality of degraded soil and water.

Improved water quality due to rainwater harvesting

Displacement of fertile top soil

The top soil reinstated by keeping it aside while making the land shaping; suitable management practices undertaken to improve fertility of top soil.

Environmental framework developed and implementd

Positive benefits

Negative effects

Mitigation measures

Affecting soil health for introducing HYVs, crop diversification

Use of INM and IPM practices.

Stress on water due to change in cropping patterns

Rain water harvesting ensures additional good quality irrigation water for minimizing stress

Less animal diseases for good health care and improved feed

Social framework developed and implemented

Positive benefits

Negative effects

Mitigation measures

Improving productivity through land shaping, creating WHSs, proper land management etc.

High cost involved in land shaping and also loss of arable land into low lying area.

The profitability of growing crops to cover the cost including initial investment would be ensured through selection of high value and low water requiring crops.

Enhancement of income through introduction of HYV, crop diversification, fish farming (fresh & brackish water), paddy cum fish culture, improvement of health care and feed of livestock

Dr. R Samanta Ray visited Korakati village to monitor the progress of the Work BCKV (2010)

Dr. A.K.Bandyopadhyay (Chairman, CAC) and Dr. D.Burman (CPI) visited Project sites (plot of Bimal Mridha on 29.11.12)

Discuss with Panchayet Pradhan for RTC

Pond excavation

Land shaping

Land shaping

Crop Diversification

Livestock health management

Paddy cum fish cultivation

Training

Inputs distribution