storage tank gauging
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09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank GaugingRob Vermeulen
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 2
What is Tank Gauging? What makes it What is Tank Gauging? What makes it different from level measurement?different from level measurement?
A generic name for the static quantity assessment of liquid products in bulk storage tanks
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 3
It’s all about Tanks and volume
Tank Gauging is all about Storage & Inventory
Storage is done in BST’s (Bulk (Liquid) Storage Tanks
Tank form depends on Product and needs
Understanding the customer needs
with TG, starts with understanding their way of storage, i.e.
their tanks.
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 4
An Introduction to Tank Gauging Examples of products measured
•Asphalts and Bitumen
•Crude oils
•Lube oil base stocks
•Fuel oils
•Kerosene
•Jet fuels
•Diesel fuels
•Naphta’s
•Gasolines
•LPGs
•Alcohols
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 5
Main motivation
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 6
Motivation for Tank Gauging
$
• leak control and Reconciliation (environmental protection)
• oil movement & Operations
For a tank diameter of 40m:
1 mm 1250 litre
• Custody transfer for taxes, customs (weights & measures)
• Inventory Control (internal accounting)
1 Barrel = 159 litre
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 7
Why Tank Gauging?
Tank Gauging is essential to determine the inventory of liquid bulk storage tanks.
The following types of operation can be categorised:
Inventory Control
Custody Transfer
Oil Movement & Operations
Leak Control & Reconciliation
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 8
Custody transfer
20.000 tons of crude oil
Comes a tanker in a harbor…
…no problem I have a flow meter on board!
Q: how can I trust his flow meter?
Q: is it really 20.000 tons?.. I just buy my own meter!
Problem:Ship meter: 20.090 tonsOwn meter: 20. 078 tons
Who is right?
Buyer: My flow meter says 20.078 tons and level meter 20. 078 tons. Who is right here?
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 9
Custody Transfer
Measurement of product transfer between ship and shore and/or shore and pipeline transmission systems.(Batch dependant).
Use as verification tool for Flow meters.
Where Custody Transfer or assessment of taxes, duties or royalties are involved, the complete system must be officially approved and certified.
www.ptb.de www.oiml.com
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 10
OIML R85 accuracy requirements
before installation
before installation
after installation
after installation
Standard applications
(refrigerated applications)
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 11
Inventory Control
Important ‘management tool’ for any refinery, terminal and storage company. (How rich are we today?)
Can be based on volume and/or Mass
In-plant accuracy requirements are less critical with independent storage companies and terminals. Reliability and repeatability are much more important.
€
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 12
Oil Movement & Operations
Measurement and repeatability are more important than the absolute accuracy
Requires compatibility with control and management systems, such as PLC, SCADA en ERP systems
System must be flexible for integration of field instruments
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 13
Leak Control & Reconciliation
Increased awareness of the environmental impact of the industry
Programs are initiated to reduce the risk of damage of the environment
More accurate information is generated for reconciliation, used the latest technology
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 14
Requirements Tank Gauging systems
Safety
Accuracy and Repeatability
Reliability and Availability
Compatible with operations
Stand-Alone capabilities
Operator friendly
Low maintenance
Easy to expand
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 15
Requirements Tank Gauging systems (continued)
First order failure detection
Accepted for Custody transfer (OIML/PTB/NMi)
Compatible with international standards(API, ASTM, ISO)
Interface to host computers
Software support
Upgradability
Service & spare parts support
Price/Performance ratio
Vendors quality assurance procedures (ISO 9001)
Financial situation of vendor
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 16
An Introduction to Tank Gauging Safety Factors
All instruments provided with custody transfer certificates. (NMi, PTB, OIML)
Lightning protection
Leak detection
Vapor seal
Overspill protection
Safe tank-side
configuration
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging technologies
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 24
Tank Gauging technologies
Because every user and application has its own requirements, there are different measurement techniques and solutions to gauge the tank contents
The following techniques are currently available:
Manual Gauging
Float and Tape Gauges
Servo Gauges
Radar Gauges
Hydrostatic Gauges
Hybrid Gauges
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 25
Quantity assessments methods
There are two recognised methods:
Volume based - based on level and temperature measurement
Mass based - based on measurement of hydrostatic pressure of the liquid column measurement
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 26
Manual Level Gauging or Dipping
Level can be “manual” or “automatic” from gauge (ATG)
Manual is always THE reference
Level can be ‘Innage’ or ‘Ullage’ Ullage
Innage
GRH
0-level
Datum plate
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 27
Product Center Sakura, Japan
LT 1100/1200/1600 Float Tank Gauges
When immersed in the liquid, the float is supended by a perforated tape. The measuring tape is held on constant tension by the spring motor. A sprocket wheel drives the counter.
Sprocket wheel
Measuring tape
Indicator
Spring motor
Tape drum
Spring motordrum
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 28
Product Center Sakura, Japan
The Proservo NMS 53x is based on the principle of displacement measurement
MagnetCoupling
Gear
WeightSignal
Weight data
Displacerposition data(level) CPU
Circuit
Motor drivesignal
Encoder
Motor
Displacer
MeasuringWire
Wire drumMagnetic fieldsensor (Hall element)
+D-D
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 29
Product Center Sakura, Japan
Information to System from Proservo Level Interface level Density Tank bottom Product temperature Vapour temperature Pressure
Promonitor
Prothermo
Proservo
Spot Temperature
Pressure
2 Wire HART (I.S.)
3 Wire RTD
Field Communications to RTU 8130
MagnetCoupling
Gear
Encoder
MotorDisplacer
MeasuringWire
Wire drumMagnetic fieldsensor (Hall element)
+D-D
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 30
Custody transfer radar gauges
Micropilot S High accuracy
Instrument accuracy : better than ± 1 mm
Weights & Measures approved by NMi and PTB and other national authorities according to OIML
Four different versions
FMR 530 – horn antenna
FMR 531 - rod antenna
FMR 532 - planar antenna
FMR 533 - parabolic antenna
Micropilot S Inventory Control version
Accuracy: ±3 mm
FMR 531
FMR 530
FMR 533
FMR 532
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 31
Overview Micropilot S FMR540
Accuracy: better than ± 1mm
Certificate: Intrinsically Safe Concept!ATEX, FM, CSA, TIIS, NEPSI(ATEX II 1/2 G EEx ia IIC T6)
W&M approval: NMi, PTB
Output: 4…20mA/HART
Power supply:16…36V DC (4 wire)
FMR 540
8” Parabolic antenna4” Horn antenna Beam Angle:
4° for Parabolic 8° for Horn
Measuring Range: 0.8…40m for Parabolic antenna (without sensor extension) 0.6…30m Horn antenna (without sensor extension)
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 32
Product Center Sakura, Japan
Prothermo NMT 539 available in 4 different choices:
Converter only - retrofit without modifications onto existing foreign average temperature probes (i.e. 9909, 1700 and Weed Beacon MW type probes)
Converter and temperature probe - inherits all the functionality of the former Prothermo NMT 535/536/537 series
Converter and water bottom probe - provides constant water interface level data to the host gauge (i.e.Proservo, NRF 590) for determining the water bottom level measurement.
Converter, temperature and water bottom probe - transmits temperature and water interface level data to the host gauge (i.e.Proservo or NRF 590).
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 33
Inventory Measurement
Full range of instrumentation
Radar gauges
Servo gauges
Mechanical float & tape gauges
Temperature measurement devices
Pressure transmitters
Water bottom measurement
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Michael Krause
Slide 34
Micropilot M radar
Two-wire, affordable, continuous measurement solution that can be used on various tank types, including floating roof tanks
Operators can check the gauge status at anytime and monitor the gauge’s operation for deviation from the primary level device
SIL 2 certified
Liquiphant Limit Switch
Best and most affordable solution for new tank installations
Dependent on the type of tank
SIL 2 or SIL 3 certified
Overfill Protection Applications
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 35
FLOAT
SERVO
RADAR
HTG
HYBRID
NOTUSED
OK
NOTUSED
NOTUSED
Vapor Influence
Safety concern
NOTUSED
NOTUSED
NOTUSED
NOTUSED
GOOD GOOD
GOODGOODOKOK
OK OK GOODNOTUSED
GOOD GOOD GOOD GOOD
NOTUSED
Limited level
accuracy
Limited level
accuracy
Limited level
accuracy
Safety concern
GOODGOODNOTUSED
GOOD
BLACKOILS
ASPHALTVISCOUS
CRUDESWHITEOILS
LPG AGGSVE.HIGHTEMP.
Inventory Measurement
Product vs. Technology
Depending on
application
Depending on
application
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 36
Comparison of PTB/NMI approved Tank Gauges
NMS5 > 3”
NM
I and P
TB
app
roval
Block distance
FMR532>6” planar
1m
6”8”10”12”
PTB
NMINMI
PTB
+/- 1mm
FMR533 parabol
1m
NMI
+/- 1mm
FMR540 parabol
1,8
m
PTB
DN100
+/- 1mm
FMR540 horn
0,6
m
DN150
>DN200
0,3
m
+/- 1mm
FMR530 horn
+/- 1mm +/- 0,7mm
1m
20m
25m
30m
15m
PTB: One need to make sure the displacer cannot drift on the surface.. So one need to “guide” the displacer via a stilling well for instance.
28m
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 37
Product Center Maulburg, Germany
Micropilot – Time-of-Flight (ToF) measurement principle
Measurement independent of properties of product(e.g. various densities, viscosities, dielectric constants) based on quartz precision, extending life of instrument without need for recalibration
Transmission of microwave impulses
Reflection of the surface of the medium
Receipt of the reflected impulses
Calculation of the distance between unit and measured surface
Empty
0%
Full
100%
Distance
Level = E - D
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 38
OILM R85 and national approvals
All Micropilot S Radar gauges
have been certified by NMi and PTB
(and many other national authorities)
to prove the „1mm accuracy“ and
OIML R85 conformity
a copy of the NMi / PTB certificates are added
to each delivered device
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 39
Micropilot S calibration certificate
All Micropilot S Radar gauges
are delivered with the
calibration certificate
of the individual device -
logging the device accuracy at
10 equidistant points
over the whole measurement range
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 40
2 Sigma accuracy: 0,5mm
Histogramm: Fehler FMR530_531_533Zeitraum: 01.01.02 - 27.10.03 Stk: 586 Geräte (5860 Meßpunkte) s: 0,24 2s: 0,48
Meßunsicherheit: 0,1mm
0,00 1,00 1,00 0,00 2,009,00
35,00
127,00
279,00
388,00
485,00
557,00
498,00
551,00
354,00
215,00
118,00
43,00
9,005,00
0,00
0,00
100,00
200,00
300,00
400,00
500,00
600,00
< -1,1 > -1,1 - -1,0 > -1,0 - -0,9 > -0,9 - -0,8 > -0,8 - -0,7 > -0,7 - -0,6 > -0,6 - -0,5 > -0,5 - -0,4 > -0,4 - -0,3 > -0,3 - -0,2 > -0,2 - -0,1 > -0,1 - 0,0 > 0,0 - 0,1 > 0,1 - 0,2 > 0,2 - 0,3 > 0,3 - 0,4 > 0,4 - 0,5 > 0,5 - 0,6 > 0,6 - 0,7 > 0,7 - 0,8 > 0,8 - 0,9 > 0,9 - 1,0 > 1,0 - 1,1
Genauigkeitsklassen [mm]
An
zah
l [S
tk]
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 41
Example calibration certificate
Detail of a calibration certificate
issued for a standard delivery of
FMR533
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging Applications
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 43
Retrofit of mechanical gauges in stilling wells!
increase of pipe diameter uncritical for TE01 mode… but how you increase mechanically is!
upper end should have a minimum length of 500mm:
check TI 344 and use a sample hatch!
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 44
Jinan Refinery Subsidiary Of Sinopec / Shanghai
Installation of FMR 532
Crude Oil / floating roof installation on existing pipe extension with tapering (DN200 to DN150)
Customer contact: Mr. Zhang Zhihai, Tel 0086 531 8833470
Applications in Tank Gauging - Sinopec
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 45
Replacement of mechanical systems…. Take care!
Too close to the wall!
Great mounting. It means great and high accuracy level measurement.
Beam angle
GRHinte
rfere
nce
It “works” great! But forget 1-2 mm accuracy.
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 46
20
m
40
m
Comparision of TG gauges
1,5m
2,5m
9m
15m
20m
1,1m
1,85m
2,46m
0,63m
1,05m
1,4m
0,3
m
0,6m
0,9m
1,2m
40
m
+/- 1mm
+/- 1mm
+/- 1mm +/- 1mm +/- 1mm +/- 2mm +/- 0,7mm
FMR5308” horn
FMR5404” horn
FMR5408” parabol
FMR53318” parabol
FMR532>6” planar
FMP40>1 1/2”
NMS5 > 3”
38
m
35
m
35
m
0,6
m
1,8
m 1
m
1m
0,1m
6”8”10”12”
0,3m 0,0m
Please check W+M approval availability and maximum range!!!
Dis
tan
ce t
o t
ank w
all
Block distance
3° tilt!
Please note the FMR540 horn needs to be tilted 3°. When not distance to wall needs to be increased!
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 47
Advisory notes….
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
TankvisionTank Gauging Solutions and beyond
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 50
Uncertainties in Tank Gauging
Installation aspects
Temperature influences
Quantity assessment direct measured or derived.
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 51
An Introduction to Tank Gauging Accuracy - Storage tank errors
Typical tank distortionFrom product
Can your instrumentation or systems compensate for this?
•Tank Bottom Movements•Tank Shell Thermal Expansion•Hydrostatic Deformation
•Roof Weight changes•Datum Plate Movements•Typical Tank Distortion
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 52
Tank Side Monitor
Power AC/DC
Field communications
digital output relays
4-20 mAOutput
Prothermo
RadarVapor
Pressure
HTMS Density
2/4 HART bus (i.s.)
E+H Tank equipment: Ex ia and HART multidrop
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Michael Krause
Slide 53
Product Center Maulburg, Germany
Tank Side Monitor NRF 590
To supply the Radar gauge and all optional tank sensors with intrinsically safe (i.s.) power
Collection of data communicated from all connected tank sensors
Utilization of data for calculations and corrections (e.g. Hydrostatic Tank Deformation and Tank Shell Temperature Correction)
Display of measured data and diagnostic data at the foot of the tank
Connectivity to the TG system in the control room via digital field protocols
Configuration, Service, Diagnostics and Operational use
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 54
Requirements Automatic Tank Gauging
Product (& water) Level
Average Temperature (+ vapour temperature)
Average Density
Total Observed Volume (T.O.V.)
Gross Observed Volume (G.O.V.)
Gross Standard Volume (G.S.V.)
Volume of Water en Sediments (S&W)
Mass and Net Standard Volume (N.S.V.)
Mass or Net Weight in air
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 55
An Introduction to Tank GaugingSmall scale example
Workstations
Printer
Plant Wide Digital Communications Bus
Local Area Network
Electronic Field Interface
Data Server
Tank Gauging Instruments
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 56
Tankvision Basic Concept
(Field Protocol)V1, WM550
MODBUS
Tank Scanner
OPC
SCADA
LAN TCP/IP
Modbus
Data Concentrator
Host Link
FieldCareDCS/PLC Top USP for Tankvision
• Easy & Cost effective Scalability
• Single Tank to Refinery
• Open Systems (communications)
• Operating System Independent
• Reduced & Simplified Engineering
• No special licensing or software
• Redundancy
• Scalable at multiple levels
• Remote & Asset Configuration
• Full support for FieldCare
Tank ScannerIP: 192.168.1.1 IP: 192.168.1.2
IP: 192.168.1.20
IP: 192.168.1.30
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 57
USP 4: Simplified Visualization/Engineering
Commonly used
Navigation tree
Constant Alarm
Monitoring
Customizable Tank Objects
Brower Navigation
Easy Access Function Tabs
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 58
Worldwide Partners
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 59
Cryogenic or Refrigerated storage
Life is good….
09/04/2008
Classification:INTERNAL
Tank Gauging
Rob Vermeulen
Slide 60
Questions?
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