status of ecr ion sources for carbon ion...
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Stat
us o
f EC
R Io
n So
urce
s fo
r Car
bon
Ion
Rad
ioth
erap
y in
Jap
an
HIM
AC
NIR
S
Con
tent
s:1.
App
roac
hes
for t
he p
rom
otio
n in
Jap
an2.
Dev
elop
men
t of i
on s
ourc
es3.
Pre
sent
sta
tus
of io
n so
urce
s
A.
Kita
gaw
aLe
ader
, Pro
mot
ion
of C
arbo
n Th
erap
y Te
am(S
enio
r Res
earc
her,
Dep
t. of
Acc
eler
ator
and
Med
ical
Phy
sics
)R
esea
rch
Cen
ter f
or C
harg
ed P
artic
le T
hera
pyN
atio
nal I
nstit
ute
of R
adio
logi
cal S
cien
ces
HIM
AC
NIR
S
[Com
preh
ensi
ve 1
0-Ye
ar S
trat
egy
for C
ance
r Con
trol
, 198
4-19
93]
1984
HIM
AC
pro
ject
at N
IRS
as
the
1st m
edic
al d
edic
ated
hea
vy-io
n ac
cele
rato
r in
the
wor
ld h
as b
een
fund
ed b
y M
inis
try o
f Edu
catio
n, C
ultu
re, S
ports
, Sci
ence
and
Tec
hnol
ogy
(ME
XT)
.[2
ndC
ompr
ehen
sive
10-
Year
Str
ateg
y fo
r Can
cer C
ontr
ol, 1
994-
2003
]19
94S
tart
of c
linic
al tr
ials
with
car
bon
ions
at N
IRS
und
er p
resc
ribed
clin
ical
pro
toco
ls.
2001
The
2nd
faci
lity
(Hyo
go Io
n B
eam
Med
ical
Cen
ter)
has
bee
n op
ened
. 20
03C
arbo
n io
n th
erap
y ha
s ap
prov
ed a
s “a
dvan
ced
med
ical
tech
nolo
gy”b
y M
inis
try o
f Hea
lth, L
abou
r, an
d W
elfa
re (M
HLW
).[3
rd C
ompr
ehen
sive
10-
Year
Str
ateg
y fo
r Can
cer C
ontr
ol, 2
004-
2013
]20
04“W
orks
hop
for p
opul
ariz
atio
n of
the
char
ged-
parti
cle
radi
othe
rapy
”was
hel
d by
ME
XT
and
the
sum
mar
y re
port
has
been
dis
tribu
ted.
2005
“The
gui
delin
e fo
r cha
rged
par
ticle
radi
othe
rapy
in J
apan
”has
bee
n au
thor
ized
by
the
Japa
nese
S
ocie
ty o
f med
ical
Phy
sics
(JS
MP
).20
04-5
Des
ign
of a
hos
pita
l-bas
ed fa
cilit
y an
d de
velo
pmen
t on
prot
otyp
es o
f var
ious
com
pone
nts
at N
IRS
w
as fu
nded
by
ME
XT.
2005
-7“R
esea
rch
on ra
diat
ion
prot
ectio
n fo
r pro
ton
and
heav
y io
n ra
diot
hera
py”w
as fu
nded
by
MH
LW.
2006
-10
Con
stru
ctio
n of
the
3rd
faci
lity
at G
unm
a U
nive
rsity
as
a de
mon
stra
tion
mod
el w
as fu
nded
by
ME
XT.
2007
-“P
rogr
am fo
r the
Hum
an R
esou
rces
Dev
elop
men
t Rel
atin
g to
Cha
rged
Par
ticle
Rad
ioth
erap
y”ha
s be
en fu
nded
by
ME
XT.
2007
-A
ppro
ved
the
cons
truct
ion
of “t
he n
ext-g
ener
atio
n irr
adia
tion
syst
ems”
at N
IRS
.20
10Fi
rst t
reat
men
t at G
unm
a U
nive
rsity
. 20
11S
tart
of c
linic
al tr
ials
with
the
resp
irato
ry g
ated
3D
sca
nnin
g at
NIR
S.
Stra
tegy
by
Japa
nese
gov
ernm
ent
1. A
ppro
ache
s fo
r the
pro
mot
ion
in J
apan
HIM
AC
NIR
S
[Com
preh
ensi
ve 1
0-Ye
ar S
trat
egy
for C
ance
r Con
trol
, 198
4-19
93]
1984
HIM
AC
pro
ject
at N
IRS
as
the
1st m
edic
al d
edic
ated
hea
vy-io
n ac
cele
rato
r in
the
wor
ld h
as b
een
fund
ed b
y M
inis
try o
f Edu
catio
n, C
ultu
re, S
ports
, Sci
ence
and
Tec
hnol
ogy
(ME
XT)
.[2
ndC
ompr
ehen
sive
10-
Year
Str
ateg
y fo
r Can
cer C
ontr
ol, 1
994-
2003
]19
94S
tart
of c
linic
al tr
ials
with
car
bon
ions
at N
IRS
und
er p
resc
ribed
clin
ical
pro
toco
ls.
2001
The
2nd
faci
lity
(Hyo
go Io
n B
eam
Med
ical
Cen
ter)
has
bee
n op
ened
. 20
03C
arbo
n io
n th
erap
y ha
s ap
prov
ed a
s “a
dvan
ced
med
icin
e”by
Min
istry
of H
ealth
, Lab
our,
and
Wel
fare
(M
HLW
).[3
rd C
ompr
ehen
sive
10-
Year
Str
ateg
y fo
r Can
cer C
ontr
ol, 2
004-
2013
]20
04“W
orks
hop
for p
opul
ariz
atio
n of
the
char
ged-
parti
cle
radi
othe
rapy
”was
hel
d by
ME
XT
and
the
sum
mar
y re
port
has
been
dis
tribu
ted.
2005
“The
gui
delin
e fo
r cha
rged
par
ticle
radi
othe
rapy
in J
apan
”has
bee
n au
thor
ized
by
the
Japa
nese
S
ocie
ty o
f med
ical
Phy
sics
(JS
MP
).20
04-5
Des
ign
of a
hos
pita
l-spe
cifie
d fa
cilit
y an
d de
velo
pmen
t on
prot
otyp
es o
f var
ious
com
pone
nts
at N
IRS
w
as fu
nded
by
ME
XT.
2005
-7“R
esea
rch
on ra
diat
ion
prot
ectio
n fo
r pro
ton
and
heav
y io
n ra
diot
hera
py”w
as fu
nded
by
MH
LW.
2006
-10
Con
stru
ctio
n of
the
3rd
faci
lity
at G
unm
a U
nive
rsity
as
a de
mon
stra
tion
mod
el w
as fu
nded
by
ME
XT.
2007
-“P
rogr
am fo
r the
Hum
an R
esou
rces
Dev
elop
men
t Rel
atin
g to
Cha
rged
Par
ticle
Rad
ioth
erap
y”ha
s be
en fu
nded
by
ME
XT.
2007
-A
ppro
ved
the
cons
truct
ion
of “t
he n
ext-g
ener
atio
n irr
adia
tion
syst
ems”
at N
IRS
.20
10Fi
rst t
reat
men
t at G
unm
a U
nive
rsity
. 20
11S
tart
of c
linic
al tr
ials
with
the
resp
irato
ry g
ated
3D
sca
nnin
g at
NIR
S.
1st D
ecad
e: C
onst
ruct
ion
of H
IMA
C
‘84
‘85
‘86
‘87
‘88
‘89
‘90
‘91
‘92
‘93
‘94
Feas
ibili
ty s
tudy
Des
ign
of m
achi
ne
Man
ufac
turin
g&
inst
alla
tion
of m
achi
ne
Des
ign
of B
uild
ings
Inst
alla
tion
of U
tiliti
esC
onst
ruct
ion
of B
uild
ings
Res
earc
h
com
miss
ioni
ng
Surv
eyM
achi
ne
Inje
ctor
Sync
hrot
ron
Irrad
iatio
n sy
stem
,…
Bui
ldin
gsB
uild
ings
Elec
tric
ity, c
oolin
g sy
stem
, …
Res
earc
h &
dev
elop
men
ts fo
r dev
ices
tech
nolo
gy (i
ncl.
biol
ogy)
Clin
ical
tria
lsPh
ysic
s&
Bio
logy
“S
umm
ary
at th
e 10
th a
nniv
ersa
ry o
f the
hea
vy io
n ra
diot
hera
py”,
edite
d by
ME
XT,
Mon
bu-K
agak
uJi
hou
No.
1541
, Aug
ust 2
004,
pp.
10-
49.
Siz
e: 6
0 x
120
mC
onst
ruct
ion
cost
: 32.
6GJP
Y(B
uild
ing
14.6
GJP
Y)
(mac
hine
18.
0GJP
Y)
1. A
ppro
ache
s fo
r the
pro
mot
ion
in J
apan
HIM
AC
NIR
S
2nd
Dec
ade:
Clin
ical
tria
ls[C
ompr
ehen
sive
10-
Year
Str
ateg
y fo
r Can
cer C
ontr
ol, 1
984-
1993
]19
84H
IMA
C p
roje
ct a
t NIR
S a
s th
e 1s
t med
ical
ded
icat
ed h
eavy
-ion
acce
lera
tor i
n th
e w
orld
has
bee
n fu
nded
by
Min
istry
of E
duca
tion,
Cul
ture
, Spo
rts, S
cien
ce a
nd T
echn
olog
y (M
EX
T).
[2nd
Com
preh
ensi
ve 1
0-Ye
ar S
trat
egy
for C
ance
r Con
trol
, 199
4-20
03]
1994
Sta
rt of
clin
ical
tria
ls w
ith c
arbo
n io
ns a
t NIR
S u
nder
pre
scrib
ed c
linic
al p
roto
cols
.20
01Th
e 2n
d fa
cilit
y (H
yogo
Ion
Bea
m M
edic
al C
ente
r) h
as b
een
open
ed.
2003
Car
bon
ion
ther
apy
has
appr
oved
as
“adv
ance
d m
edic
ine”
(form
er “a
dvan
ced
med
ical
tech
nolo
gy”)
by
Min
istry
of H
ealth
, Lab
our,
and
Wel
fare
(MH
LW).
[3rd
Com
preh
ensi
ve 1
0-Ye
ar S
trat
egy
for C
ance
r Con
trol
, 200
4-20
13]
2004
“Wor
ksho
p fo
r pop
ular
izat
ion
of th
e ch
arge
d-pa
rticl
e ra
diot
hera
py”w
as h
eld
by M
EX
T an
d th
e su
mm
ary
repo
rt ha
s be
en d
istri
bute
d.20
05“T
he g
uide
line
for c
harg
ed p
artic
le ra
diot
hera
py in
Jap
an”h
as b
een
auth
oriz
ed b
y th
e Ja
pane
se
Soc
iety
of m
edic
al P
hysi
cs (J
SM
P).
2004
-5D
esig
n of
a h
ospi
tal-s
peci
fied
faci
lity
and
deve
lopm
ent o
n pr
otot
ypes
of v
ario
us c
ompo
nent
s at
NIR
S
was
fund
ed b
y M
EX
T.20
05-7
“Res
earc
h on
radi
atio
n pr
otec
tion
for p
roto
n an
d he
avy
ion
radi
othe
rapy
”was
fund
ed b
y M
HLW
.20
06-1
0C
onst
ruct
ion
of th
e 3r
d fa
cilit
y at
Gun
ma
Uni
vers
ity a
s a
dem
onst
ratio
n m
odel
was
fund
ed b
y M
EX
T.20
07-
“Pro
gram
for t
he H
uman
Res
ourc
es D
evel
opm
ent R
elat
ing
to C
harg
ed P
artic
le R
adio
ther
apy”
has
been
fund
ed b
y M
EX
T.20
07-
App
rove
d th
e co
nstru
ctio
n of
“the
nex
t-gen
erat
ion
irrad
iatio
n sy
stem
s”at
NIR
S.
2010
Firs
t tre
atm
ent a
t Gun
ma
Uni
vers
ity.
2011
Sta
rt of
clin
ical
tria
ls w
ith th
e re
spira
tory
gat
ed 3
D s
cann
ing
at N
IRS
.
1. A
ppro
ache
s fo
r the
pro
mot
ion
in J
apan
277
110
113
138
166
189
183
233
152
5628
632
4
411
476
495
509
458
473
276
241
201
188
168
159
126
2183
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
adva
nced
med
icin
e
clin
ical
tria
l
2nd
deca
de’s
Tot
al:
1463
(Jun
199
4 –
Feb
2002
)
Perm
issi
on fo
r“a
dvan
ced
med
icin
e”(P
harm
aceu
tical
Aff
airs
Law
)
Cov
ered
by
Nat
iona
l Hea
lth
Insu
ranc
e sy
stem
Perm
issi
on fo
r “m
edic
al
devi
ces”
(Pha
rmac
eutic
al
Aff
airs
Law
)
Dev
elop
men
t of n
ew
med
ical
dev
ices
HIM
AC
NIR
S
3rd
Dec
ade:
Dow
n-si
zing
[Com
preh
ensi
ve 1
0-Ye
ar S
trat
egy
for C
ance
r Con
trol
, 198
4-19
93]
1984
HIM
AC
pro
ject
at N
IRS
as
the
1st m
edic
al d
edic
ated
hea
vy-io
n ac
cele
rato
r in
the
wor
ld h
as b
een
fund
ed b
y M
inis
try o
f Edu
catio
n, C
ultu
re, S
ports
, Sci
ence
and
Tec
hnol
ogy
(ME
XT)
.[2
ndC
ompr
ehen
sive
10-
Year
Str
ateg
y fo
r Can
cer C
ontr
ol, 1
994-
2003
]19
94S
tart
of c
linic
al tr
ials
with
car
bon
ions
at N
IRS
und
er p
resc
ribed
clin
ical
pro
toco
ls.
2001
The
2nd
faci
lity
(Hyo
go Io
n B
eam
Med
ical
Cen
ter)
has
bee
n op
ened
. 20
03C
arbo
n io
n th
erap
y ha
s ap
prov
ed a
s “a
dvan
ced
med
icin
e”by
Min
istry
of H
ealth
, Lab
our,
and
Wel
fare
(M
HLW
).[3
rd C
ompr
ehen
sive
10-
Year
Str
ateg
y fo
r Can
cer C
ontr
ol, 2
004-
2013
]20
04“W
orks
hop
for p
opul
ariz
atio
n of
the
char
ged-
parti
cle
radi
othe
rapy
”was
hel
d by
ME
XT
and
the
sum
mar
y re
port
has
been
dis
tribu
ted.
2005
“The
gui
delin
e fo
r cha
rged
par
ticle
radi
othe
rapy
in J
apan
”has
bee
n au
thor
ized
by
the
Japa
nese
S
ocie
ty o
f med
ical
Phy
sics
(JS
MP
).20
04-5
Des
ign
of a
hos
pita
l-spe
cifie
d fa
cilit
y an
d de
velo
pmen
t on
prot
otyp
es o
f var
ious
com
pone
nts
at N
IRS
w
as fu
nded
by
ME
XT.
2005
-7“R
esea
rch
on ra
diat
ion
prot
ectio
n fo
r pro
ton
and
heav
y io
n ra
diot
hera
py”w
as fu
nded
by
MH
LW.
2006
-10
Con
stru
ctio
n of
the
3rd
faci
lity
at G
unm
a U
nive
rsity
as
a de
mon
stra
tion
mod
el w
as fu
nded
by
ME
XT.
2007
-“P
rogr
am fo
r the
Hum
an R
esou
rces
Dev
elop
men
t Rel
atin
g to
Cha
rged
Par
ticle
Rad
ioth
erap
y”ha
s be
en fu
nded
by
ME
XT.
2007
-A
ppro
ved
the
cons
truct
ion
of “t
he n
ext-g
ener
atio
n irr
adia
tion
syst
ems”
at N
IRS
.20
10Fi
rst t
reat
men
t at G
unm
a U
nive
rsity
. 20
11S
tart
of c
linic
al tr
ials
with
the
resp
irato
ry g
ated
3D
sca
nnin
g at
NIR
S.
1. A
ppro
ache
s fo
r the
pro
mot
ion
in J
apan
HIM
AC
NIR
S
Prot
otyp
es fo
r hos
pita
l-spe
cifie
d fa
cilit
y Io
n so
urce
Acc
. cav
ity
Lina
c
Irrad
iatio
n sy
stem
Mag
net p
ower
su
pply
Sync
hrot
ron
Mag
net
Size
and
Cos
t1/
3K
. Nod
a et
al.,
J. R
adia
t. R
es. 4
8:Su
ppl.A
A43
(200
7).
Des
ign
conc
ept:
Opt
imiz
atio
n fo
r car
bon
beam
onl
y!!
of H
IMA
C
1. A
ppro
ache
s fo
r the
pro
mot
ion
in J
apan
HIM
AC
NIR
S
Gun
ma
Uni
vers
ity P
roje
ct
Dem
onst
ratio
n of
the
new
do
wns
ized
car
bon-
RT
faci
lity
in J
apan
.-D
edic
ated
car
bon
beam
on
ly-W
obbl
er &
laye
r-st
acki
ng
irrad
iatio
n sy
stem
s
‘01
‘02
‘03
‘04
‘05
‘06
‘07
‘08
‘09
‘10
Surv
eyFe
asib
ility
stu
dy
Man
ufac
turin
g D
esig
n of
m
achi
ne a
nd B
uild
ings
Mac
hine
Man
ufac
turin
g &
inst
alla
tion
of m
achi
ne
Inst
alla
tion
of U
tiliti
esIn
ject
orSy
nchr
otro
nIrr
adia
tion
syst
em,…
Bui
ldin
gs
Con
stru
ctio
n of
Bui
ldin
gsB
uild
ings
Elec
tric
ity, c
oolin
g sy
stem
, …
Dev
elop
men
ts o
f dev
ices
Clin
ical
tria
lsC
linic
al tr
ials
com
miss
ioni
ng
Feas
ibili
ty s
tudy
& fu
ndam
enta
l des
ign
(at N
IRS)
Mac
hine
& B
uild
ings
Proj
ect f
unde
d by
Ja
pane
se g
over
nmen
t
Gun
ma
Uni
vers
ity
Hea
vy io
n M
edic
alC
ente
r
1. A
ppro
ache
s fo
r the
pro
mot
ion
in J
apan
S. Y
amad
a et
al.,
NIR
S-M
-218
, p.1
70 (2
009)
.
HIM
AC
NIR
S
Saga
HIM
AT
Proj
ect
1. A
ppro
ache
s fo
r the
pro
mot
ion
in J
apan
Pub
lic a
nd p
rivat
e pa
rtner
ship
-Fou
ndat
ion
esta
blis
hed
by th
e lo
cal
gove
rnm
ent a
nd p
rivat
e co
mpa
nies
. -M
edic
al s
uppo
rts fr
om s
ever
al c
ore
hosp
itals
in th
is re
gion
.-n
o ow
n ho
spita
l is
held
.
HIM
AC
NIR
S
‘The
Pio
neer
’NIR
S-EC
Rat
HIM
AC
Laun
ched
to th
e lin
acin
199
310
GH
z m
icro
wav
e(E
CR
at 3
.6 k
G)
Sim
ple
min
imum
B s
truct
ure
•M
irror
fiel
d: 9
.3 k
G/ 7
.6 k
G•
Axi
al fi
eld:
8.0
kG
Ext
ract
ion
volta
ge: 2
5kV
max
.C
2+ In
tens
ity: 3
00 e
mA
(C4+
: 430
em
A)
Iron
yoke
Insu
lato
r
40cm
0
Sch
emat
ic V
iew
Of
NIR
S-E
CR
05
(kG
)10
Wat
erC
oolin
g
Plas
ma
Cha
mbe
r
Ext
ract
ion
Elec
trode
Mirr
orC
oil
sext
upol
em
agne
t
A. K
itaga
wa
et a
l., R
ev. S
ci. I
nstru
m. 7
9, 0
2C30
3 (2
008)
.
2. D
evel
opm
ent o
f ion
sou
rces
HIM
AC
NIR
S
Mai
nten
ance
-free
ion
sour
ce
Mic
row
ave
0 >
580
W
Mag
net
0 >
450
A
gas
flow
0 >
0.09
cc/
mVa
cuum
Beam
Inte
nsity
012
0(m
in)
10-6
10-7
(Tor
r)
Varia
tion
in th
e be
am in
tens
ity a
fter s
tarti
ng th
e EC
RIS
Mic
row
ave
0 >
580
W
Mag
net
0 >
450
A
gas
flow
0 >
0.09
cc/
mVa
cuum
Beam
Inte
nsity
012
0(m
in)
10-6
10-7
(Tor
r)
Varia
tion
in th
e be
am in
tens
ity a
fter s
tarti
ng th
e EC
RIS
< 20
min
2. D
evel
opm
ent o
f ion
sou
rces
Mar
. 200
4M
ay 2
007
Mar
. 200
6
Mar
. 200
5
NIR
S-E
CR
Cle
an u
p
HIM
AC
NIR
S
‘1st
Com
mer
cial
Med
ical
Dev
ice’
at H
IBM
C2.
Dev
elop
men
t of i
on s
ourc
es
ECR
1EC
R2
RFQ
linac
+25
kV+2
5 kV
+80
kV+4
5 kV
H2+
C4+
35 k
eV/u
Con
stru
cted
in 1
999
Alm
ost c
opy
of N
IRS-
ECR
Life
time:
ove
r one
yea
rEx
trac
tion
volta
ge: 2
5kV
max
.H
igh
volta
ge p
latfo
rm w
ith 8
0kV
max
.C
4+In
tens
ity: 4
00 e�A
H2+
Inte
nsity
: 1.3
em
A
HIM
AC
NIR
S
Req
uire
men
t for
the
hosp
ital s
peci
fied
faci
lity
�10
023
.6 (1
.6 K
ilp.)
2.5
�0.
3560
01020
061/3
RFQ
7N
orm
aliz
ed A
ccep
tanc
e, �
mm�m
rad
600
Inpu
t Ene
rgy,
keV
/u4,
000
Out
put E
nerg
y, k
eV/u
�0.
35In
side
dia
met
er o
f tan
k, m
3.5
Tank
leng
th, m
23.6
(1.6
Kilp
.)M
ax. s
urfa
ce fi
eld,
MV/
m�
500
Peak
RF
pow
er, k
W
200
Freq
uenc
y, M
Hz
1/3
q/A
IH-A
PFIte
ms
2. D
evel
opm
ent o
f ion
sou
rces
HIM
AC
NIR
S
Des
ign
conc
ept o
f Kei
ser
ies
2. D
evel
opm
ent o
f ion
sou
rces
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&'()�*+(
NIR
S-EC
RK
ei, K
ei2
1.R
epla
ce c
oils
by
perm
anen
t mag
nets
.2.
But
it’s
mirr
or ra
tio is
adj
uste
d to
goo
d ex
perie
nces
at
NIR
S-E
CR
.3.
Mic
row
ave
coup
ling,
cha
mbe
r coo
ling,
and
vac
uum
st
ruct
ures
follo
w m
any
prac
tices
at N
IRS
-EC
R.
4.H
igh
volta
ge in
sula
tion
stru
ctur
e le
arns
exp
erie
nces
at
NIR
S-H
EC
.
Goa
lK
eep
the
sim
ilar
perfo
rman
ce•
C4+
inte
nsity
•Li
fetim
e•
Eas
y m
aint
enan
ce
& o
pera
tion
HIM
AC
NIR
S
‘The
pro
toty
pe’K
ei2
at th
e te
st b
ench
Dev
elop
ed in
200
2A
ll pe
rman
ent m
agne
ts re
aliz
ed th
e si
mila
r ra
tio o
f mag
netic
fiel
ds a
t NIR
S-EC
R10,
0.25
GH
z 65
0W T
WT
ampl
ifier
H
igh
extr
actio
n vo
ltage
: 30k
V (4
0kV
max
.)Li
fetim
e: o
ne y
ear
C4+
Inte
nsity
: 600
e�A
(1 e
mA
max
.)
2. D
evel
opm
ent o
f ion
sou
rces
M. M
uram
atsu
et a
l., R
ev. S
ci. I
nstru
m. 7
6, 1
1330
4 (2
005)
.
HIM
AC
NIR
S
NIR
STe
chno
logy
Tra
nsfe
r-D
raw
ings
-Cal
cula
tion
resu
lts-O
pera
tion
data
etc…
Gun
ma
Uni
v.
Pro
toty
pem
odel
Orig
inal
Dev
elop
men
t
Ven
der
Man
ufac
turin
g co
mpa
nies
for p
arts
Com
mer
cial
mod
el
Mod
ifica
tion,
Man
ufac
turin
g
Ord
er o
f the
who
le o
f fac
ility
Ord
er o
f the
inje
ctor
par
t
Com
mer
cial
mod
el is
alm
ost a
cop
y of
pro
toty
pe, b
ut it
is n
ot e
xact
sam
e.-s
impl
ified
stru
ctur
e fo
r mas
s pr
oduc
tion
-fix
ed o
pera
tion
para
met
ers
-uni
ficat
ion
for t
he m
aint
enan
ceet
c…
Japa
nese
gov
ernm
ent (
ME
XT)
Fund
to p
roje
ct
Tech
nolo
gy tr
ansf
er
2. D
evel
opm
ent o
f ion
sou
rces
HIM
AC
NIR
S
Kei
GM
at G
unm
a U
niv.
Laun
ched
to th
e lin
acin
200
9A
lmos
t cop
y of
Kei
210,
0.25
GH
z 65
0W T
WT
ampl
ifier
H
igh
extr
actio
n vo
ltage
: 30k
VLi
fetim
e: o
ne y
ear
C4+
requ
irem
ent:
200
e�A
2. D
evel
opm
ent o
f ion
sou
rces
M. M
uram
atsu
et a
l., R
ev. S
ci. I
nstru
m. 7
6, 1
1330
4 (2
005)
.
Pla
sma
cham
ber
Insu
lato
r Ext
ract
ion
elec
trode
(Fix
ed p
ositi
on)
Ein
zel l
ens
Wat
erco
olin
g
HIM
AC
NIR
S
HIB
MC
Hyo
go(2
001)
HIM
AC
Chi
ba(1
994)
GH
MC
Gun
ma
(201
0)
SAG
A-H
IMA
TSa
ga(2
013)
iRO
CK
Kan
agaw
a(2
015)
Hea
vy io
nH
eavy
ion
(und
er c
onst
ruct
ion)
Prot
on (i
nclu
ding
shu
tdow
n)Pr
oton
(und
er c
onst
ruct
ion)
Pres
ent f
acili
ties
3. P
rese
nt s
tatu
s of
ion
sour
ces
2014
(pla
n)iR
OC
KK
?20
12(p
lan)
SAG
A-H
IMA
TK
Kei
SA20
10H
IMA
CK
Kei
220
09G
HM
CK
Kei
GM
1999
HIB
MC
NEC
R2
1999
HIB
MC
NEC
R1
1997
HIM
AC
HN
IRS-
HEC
1993
HIM
AC
NN
IRS-
ECR
Laun
chFa
cilit
yTy
peN
ame
N: N
IRS-
ECR
type
K: K
ei s
erie
sH
: NIR
S-H
EC
HIM
AC
NIR
S
Ope
ratio
n of
NIR
S-EC
R ty
pe
5. D
evel
opm
ent o
f hos
pita
l-spe
cifie
d fa
cilit
y
NIR
S-EC
RSt
atus
in 2
011
Ope
ratio
n tim
e: a
ppro
xim
atel
y 60
00 h
ours
/ ye
ar*
Serio
us fa
ilure
: non
eIte
ms
of ro
utin
ely
mai
nten
ance
:•In
side
of t
he p
lasm
a ch
ambe
r=
no p
olis
h, o
nly
colle
ct d
usts
(1 y
ear)
•Insu
lato
r = cl
ean
up (1
y),
repl
ace
(sev
eral
yea
rs)
•Wat
er s
uppl
y =
repl
ace
(sev
eral
yea
rs)
•TW
T tu
be = re
plac
e (o
ver 1
5,00
0 h)
•Sm
all e
lect
roni
cs p
arts
= re
plac
e (s
ever
al y
ears
)•C
ontr
ol s
yste
m=
repl
ace
(irre
gula
r)
* R
ecen
t yea
rly
oper
atio
n tim
e20
05: 5
900
2006
: 594
820
07: 5
887
2008
: 609
120
09: 5
691
2010
: 592
420
11: 6
305
HIM
AC
NIR
S
Det
erio
ratio
n by
car
bon
depo
sitio
n
5. D
evel
opm
ent o
f hos
pita
l-spe
cifie
d fa
cilit
y
Cle
an u
p
HIM
AC
NIR
S
Ope
ratio
n of
Kei
2 ty
pe
5. D
evel
opm
ent o
f hos
pita
l-spe
cifie
d fa
cilit
y
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����-�-�
"��
+�.'�������/��0!Kei
GM
Ope
ratio
n tim
e: 4
000
hour
s (2
010~
)Se
rious
failu
re: 1
at th
e m
icro
wav
e am
plifi
erM
aint
enan
ce it
ems:
•C
lean
ing
of c
ham
ber (
a ha
lf y)
= po
lish
Ion
sour
ce fo
r iR
OC
KK
ei2
type
has
sel
ecte
d.
Kei
SA The
basi
c pe
rfor
man
ce h
ad b
een
test
ed a
t the
fact
ory
and
has
been
in
stal
led
in th
e fa
cilit
y.
It w
ill b
e la
unch
ed in
Dec
embe
r.
Sum
mar
y1.
App
roac
hes
for t
he p
rom
otio
n in
Jap
anC
arbo
n io
n ra
diot
hera
py (C
-RT)
has
bee
n pr
omot
ed in
Jap
an;
�Th
e yi
eld
of H
IMA
C p
roje
ct h
as a
wak
ened
inte
rest
s of
loca
l re
gion
s. T
here
are
five
faci
litie
s un
der o
pera
tion
or c
onst
ruct
ion
�Th
e ap
proa
ches
for t
he p
rom
otio
n ar
e al
mos
t bas
ed o
n 10
-yea
r S
trate
gy b
y th
e go
vern
men
t. 2.
Dev
elop
men
ts o
f ion
sou
rces
Ther
e ar
e tw
o ty
pes
of E
CR
ion
sour
ces
for C
-RT;
�
NIR
S-E
CR
suc
cess
fully
real
ized
the
daily
clin
ical
use
.�
Kei
ser
ies
had
been
opt
imiz
ed fo
r a C
-RT
dedi
cate
d fa
cilit
y.
3.Pr
esen
t sta
tus
of io
n so
urce
sE
ach
ion
sour
ces
satis
fied
the
requ
irem
ents
.
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