ss cockett 3 %5_bam edits%5d
Post on 07-Aug-2015
67 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
5Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
A Word about Sheep
• Sheep numbers:655 M sheep in the world 5.5 M in the U.S.
• Genetic variation:1,500 breeds emphasizing meat, wool, milk
6Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
Sheep Genomics Research
IMPACTAgriculture Life Science Biomedicin
eMeat
Fiber
Milk/dairy
Genetic diversity
Natural variation
Mad sheep disease
Eye, bone, muscle disorders
9Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
Genetic Variation
Single Gene Traits:Controlled by one gene.
Horns Polled
10Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
Genetic Variation
Quantitative Traits: Controlled by multiple genes and the environment.
MeatWoolLambs
12Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
Spider Lamb Syndrome
ovine 6 human 4
OarJMP8
SpiderBL1038
BM4311
PositionalCandidate
14Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
Spider Lamb Syndrome
FGFR3 gene knockouts:Characteristics similar to
Spider Lamb Syndrome
15Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
DNA Sequence
Bases in DNAHuman ATC CCC GTG GAG GAG CTC
Mouse --- --A --- --A --- --T
Sheep (N) --- --C --- --- --- ---
Sheep (S) --- --C -A- --- --- ---
Amino Acids in ProteinHuman Ile Pro Val Glu Glu Leu
Mouse --- --- --- --- --- ---
Sheep (N) --- --- --- --- --- ---
Sheep (S) --- --- Glu --- --- ---
16Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
Estimated Population Frequency
Breed N Breeders
% Carriers
Suffolk 114 23 25.4
Hampshire 61 19 22.9
Southdown 119 17 29.4
Shropshire 32 5 53.1
Oxford 10 2 20.0
TOTAL 336 61 28.9
17Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
Detection of Genetic Variation
SNPs (Variation)
Multiple SNPs SNP Chip
19Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
Gastrointestinal Parasites
Significant impact on sheep production worldwide
Different responses in different breeds
Study of 400 Suffolk x Gulf Coast Native animals
Analysis of 50,000 SNPs is ongoing
20Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
Genomic Analysis
Flock designed for genomic analysis
20 sires crossed to 4,000+ ewes
Australia’s Falkiner Flock Characterized for
491 traits Analysis of 50,000
SNPs is ongoing
21Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
Sheep Diversity Project
• 3,400 animals from 74 domesticated sheep breeds
• Wild sheep (argali, urial, mouflon, bighorn, thinhorn)
• Out-group species (barbary, goat, thar, cattle.)
22Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
Genetic History of Sheep
fine wool size, meat carpet wool
milk tropically adapted
colour morphs
Wild sheep
Domestic sheep
Ancestor
11,000years
200 years
23Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
Genetic Variation in Sheep
Asia
SW Europe
Central Europe
NorthernEurope
Africa
Americas
Middle East
Asia
SW Europe
Central Europe
NorthernEurope
Africa
Americas
Middle East
Genetic distance
Domestication sites
Breeddispersion
24Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
Application of Genomics
Animal GBV
Pedigree,Traits
DNA sample,Genotypes
Estimated breeding
value
Molecular breeding
value
Genetic parameters
SNP coefficients
United States
New Zealand Australia
25Sunrise Session: October 28, 2011
Ovine Reference Sequence
Beijing Genome Institute 1,000 plant and
animal genomes De novo assembly
Sequence generated from Texel male at Roslin and Texel female at BGI.
91% assembly in one year.
Public release Feb. 2011
top related