sponges ryan baker, markesh patel p.3

SpongesRyan Baker, Markesh Patel

P.3

http://www.palaeos.com/Invertebrates/Porifera/Porifera.htm

PHYLUM

Porifera

Ryan Baker

EXAMPLES

Azure vase sponge

(Callyspongia plicifera)

http://reefguide.org/pixhtml/azurevase2.html Ryan Baker

EXAMPLES

Variable Boring Sponge

(Siphonodictyon coralliphagum)

http://reefguide.org/pixhtml/variableboring3.html Ryan Baker

EXAMPLES

Strawberry Vase Sponge

(Mycale laxissima)

http://reefguide.org/pixhtml/azurevase2.html Ryan Baker

BODY CAVITY

• Present

• “Spongocoel”

• Water passesthrough pores(“porocytes”)and into thespongocoel

http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html

FLOW OF WATER

http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html

3) … and out through the osculum (connects spongocel to the environment)

1) Water flows through the porocytes…

2) … into the spongocel…

BODY SYMMETRY

NONE

• Most sponges are asymmetrical

• However, some may exhibit radial symmetry

Radialor

NERVOUS SYSTEM

• No nerve or sensory cells (only multicellular animal)

• However: touch/pressure can cause body contraction

NONE

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

• No true circulatory system, just water flow & amoebocytes

• Amoebocytes transport nutrients to other cells

http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

• Choanocytes (collar cells) create a water current with flagella to trap food particles and ingest with phagocytosis.

• Amoebocytes digest and transport nutrients.

http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html

Excretory System

None

Locomotion/Musculature

-Sessile

-Sponge larvae use tiny hair structures called cilia to swim until they attach to a surface. (few days)

http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/CMD/Pics/LeysLarva.jpg

Skeletal Type

The Body of a Sponge contains 2 layers of cells Mesohyl – A gelatinous part between the layers of cells contains Amoebocytes-carry nutrients to cell/manufacture skeletal fibers# 1 Spicules made from calcium carbonate/silcia# 2 Spongin = more flexible

http://www.biology.iastate.edu/Courses/211L/Porif/%20Porifindx.htm

Sensory Structures/Features

• None/VERY simple• They may close their ostia if there is too

much matter in the water or if it has been touched.

Reproduction

– All Sponges are Hermaphrodites = male/female and sperm/egg

– Gametes come from choanocytes and amoebocytes. Zygote develops in mesohyl

– Zygote becomes larvae– Cross Fertilization– Asexual reproduction via Gemmules

Gas Exchange

• Water flow allows for the sponges to obtain oxygen and remove waste.

• They exchange gases mainly by diffusion. (Most efficient way, because they have a large surface area)

Other Unique Features

• Sponges are known to grow back lost body parts.

• All sponges are aquatic.• Collar cells called choanocytes are only

found in these kinds of animals.• They are the only animal to use silicon as

a support structure.• They are suspension feeders, meaning

they capture small food particles suspended in the water.

Question #1

Porifera are the only phylum that do not

have a(n):

a) Digestive systemb) Nervous system

c) Skeletal system

d) Circulatory system

Question #1

Porifera are the only phylum that do not

have a(n):

a) Digestive systemb) Nervous system

c) Skeletal system

d) Circulatory system

Question #2

Which of these systems DO Porifera truly have?

a) Excretory systemb) Nervous system

c) Skeletal system

d) Circulatory system

Question #2

Which of these systems DO Porifera truly have?

a) Excretory systemb) Nervous system

c) Skeletal system

d) Circulatory system

Question #3

Identify the structure in the picture:

a) Spongocoelb) Amoebocyte

c) Porocyte

d) Osculum

Question #3

Identify the structure in the picture:

a) Spongocoelb) Amoebocyte

c) Porocyte

d) Osculum

Question #4

Identify the structure in the picture:

a) Spongocoelb) Amoebocyte

c) Porocyte

d) Osculum

Question #4

Identify the structure in the picture:

a) Spongocoelb) Amoebocyte

c) Porocyte

d) Osculum