sponges cnidarians comb jellies. jelly fish and sponges are animals? sponges were thought to be...
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Jelly Fish and sponges are animals?Sponges were thought to
be _______ because they_______
___________________Jellyfish were classified as
the simplest animals,__________
_________________.What classifies an animal?
Unique Features of SpongesPhylum Porifera
• Based on the previous video whyDo sponges need light?_________________________________________No Movement (________)
No TissueNo Tissue
No organsNo organs
What do sponges have?• Body is made of special cells that act
like organs; _________________• ____________________• ________________ “Mouth”
• ________________: Collar cells: “heart” _____________: “Stomach”
• _______________: “skeleton”
Examples of Sponges10,000 species
Glass spongesBath Sponge
Calcium Carbonate Sponge
Sponges are classified Based on spicules “_________” __________________. Ex: Silica, spongin, calcium carbonate
Feeding and Digestion
• Suspension feeders (_________________)• ___________________unicellular algae, bits of organic
matter (detritus)• Size matters– _____________--pinacocytes and archaeocytes– ______________--choanocytes
• ______________do most of the digestion and storage of food
• Wastes leave via _________
Reproduction• __________________________
____________________• _______________ (Can grow
back)• Sexual reproduction
– Sperm enter though the ostia, choanocytes carry them to the egg.
– Larvae usually develop in the adult then exit through osculum,.
_______________of Sponges• Filter feeders: Filter out the water– Sponges are eaten ______________________– sponge crabs place a sponges on their backto camouflage with their environment - ______________________for animals
Human Importance of Sponges• _________________: provides
jobs and drives economy in towns that collect them
General Characteristics of Cnidarians: Jellyfish
• http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/animals/invertebrates-animals/other-invertebrates/jellyfish.html
• ________________• _______________________• _________________________ define this group
nematocytes: stinging cellsnematocytes: stinging cells
CnidarianCnidarianStructureStructure
• __________________________________• _______________2
tissue layers (_____________)– Epidermis– Endoderm (gastric) – Mesoglea (jelly)
between the two tissue layers. _________________
– __________________
Reproduction in Cnidarians
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________: Turritopsis nutricula after the Medusa stage it goes back to the polyp and then Medusa then polyp “forever”
Feeding and Digestion• Tentacles with_____________• ____________________
– suspension feeders, plankton– jellyfish are carnivorous-hunt vertebrates and
invertebrates
• Tentacles then _____________• ________________________• Enzymes digest, cells absorb• __________________________• __________________________• http://www.yourdiscovery.com/video/
natures-perfect-predators-australian-box-jellyfish/
Blue=anemone mouthred= fish flesh
Jellyfish catching fish
Anemone eating mussel
Nervous System• ________________• ________________• Respond to stimuli from all directions• Nerve net controls responses and movement
Phylum Cnidarians: Include ClassesScyphozoa: JellyfishCubuzoa: Box JellyfishHydrozoa: HydroidsAnthozoa: Corals, Sea Anemones
Class Scyphozoa: Jelllyfish
• ______________________, over 280 species:
• http://www.yourdiscovery.com/video/natures-perfect-predators-australian-box-jellyfish/
1. Crown Jellyfish
2. Sea Nettles3. Blubber Jellyfish
Class Scyphozoa (jellyfish)• _________ = primary stage• ______________________
Domed Shape• most are small _________• _____________________• largest reach 70+ meters• And 450 pounds• http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/
28865-discover-magazine-jelly-fish-behavior-and-diet-video.htm
Class: Cubuzoa• Not True Jellyfish different then scyphozoans• Called______________• __________shaped not umbrella shaped like
scyphozoans.• This shape makes them ____________• _______________________• Much ____________in Nematocysts• More developed nervous system• http://www.yourdiscovery.com/video/natures-perfect-predators-
australian-box-jellyfish/
Box Jelly
True Jellyfish
Long Island Scyphozoa
Lions mane can get up to 8 feet, normally 12 inches as seen In the picture to the right
Moon Jellyfish 4-10 inchesThere sting does not hurt people
For JellyfishSting use vinegarTo neutralize theVenom:
Scyphozoa: Hydrozoa
• ________________________________– feeding polyps– reproductive polyps
• ________________________________• __________________________.
Instead, the colony is suspended from a gas sac. Usually found in tropical waters but can be pushed by currents as far North to Canadian waters
• man o war
Anthozoa (sea anemones, coral, gorgonians)
• _________________, most are sessile, never in the medusa stage
• Most Anthozoans _______________and therefore require light to live.
• ___________• ________________• __________________
Anthozoa: Corals _________________________________Re
ef Builders and non reef builders
__________are called ________ corals or Hard Corals
____________are called ___________ corals or soft Corals
Soft Coral/non building reef corals
Hard Coral/ reef building corals
Anthozoa: Hermatypic CoralsThey obtain part of their energy from_________________________________________________________. They secrete calcium carbonate to form a __________________.
Hermatypic CoralsCreate Reefs called the Rainforest of
the sea• _______________________• _______________________• ___________ ocean contains
coral reefs• Reefs worldwide provide
economic services worth $375 billion per year.
___________________________________________________
• At the current rate of coral bleaching due to warmer sea temperatures, All coral reef ecosystems will be gone in 30-40 years.
• Healthy Bleached
Comb Jellies• Resemble jellyfish, • Comb plates (rows of
cilia) run along exterior and propel the animal
• Most do not have cnidocytes
• Secrete sticky substance to bind prey or net-like tentacles
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